阅读理解 Even though we are living in an age where growing old is thought of as an inevitable misery, this doctor has been changing the game for seniors over the last 25 years. It all started in 1991 when the Harvard-educated physician was transferred from working in a stressful emergency room to being the medical director of a nursing home in upstate New York. The depressing and regimented (严格管制的) environment got him thinking on what exactly could improve the residents’ conditions. Even though animals in nursing homes were illegal at the time, Dr. Bill Thomas took a chance. Based on a hunch (直觉), he brought in two dogs, four cats, hens, rabbits, 100 birds, a multitude of plants, a flower garden, and a vegetable patch. The change was dramatic. There was a 50% drop in medical prescriptions along with a dramatic decrease in death rates—but most importantly, the residents were simply happier. Dr. Thomas’s approach, named the Eden Alternative, has driven nursing homes to allow a more autonomous (自主的) and creative living space for their elderly. It erases the belief that growing old means growing useless. He encourages residents to think of their age as an enriching new phase of life rather than the end of it. Thomas, now a speaker and author of several books, also created small, independently-run residences with their own bedrooms and bathrooms, and he has been preaching a singular message that getting old is not a bad thing. "Within six weeks, they had to send a truck around to pick up all the wheelchairs," Thomas told the Washington Post. "You know why most people in nursing homes use wheelchairs? Because the buildings are so big." The 56-year-old doctor’s methods have been adopted in Australia, Japan, Canada, and America with enormous success. Last year he published Second Wind: Navigating the Passage to a Slower, Deeper, and More Connected Life, a guide on how to shift our perspectives on aging and growth. He is currently traveling through North America performing with his guitar and his enthusiasm on his Age of Disruption Tour.

单选题 What has Bill Thomas been doing for a quarter of a century?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】题目询问比尔.托马斯做什么做了25年。a quarter of a century对应第1段的25 years，第1段指出，比尔.托马斯医生在过去的25年里一直在为老年人改变这种人生游戏(the game)。game在这里比喻人生，通过表特指the的可知，它指的是前面提到的“变老是一种不可避免的苦恼”。因此，比尔.托马斯25年来一直在做的事情就是改变人们对变老的看法，故选D项“改变人们对变老的看法”。

单选题 Why did Bill Thomas try something different in the nursing home?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】题目询问比尔.托马斯为什么要在养老院做些不一样的尝试。第2段第2句提到，养老院环境令人压抑、管制严格，于是他开始思考，具体怎样才能改善入住老人的养老环境。第4段第2句指出，入住老人真的更快乐了。结合以上内容，A项“他想让养老院变得更令老人开心”符合题意，故选A项。

单选题 What do we learn about Bill Thomas bringing animals and plants into the nursing home?

单选题 What has Bill Thomas been persistently advocating?

单选题 How is Bill Thomas’s new concept received?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】题目询问比尔.托马斯新理念的被接受情况。题干中的Bill Thomas’s new concept对应倒数第2段第19的The 56-year-old doctor’s methods。该句提到，他的这种方法已经在澳大利亚、日本、加拿大和美国被采用(have been adopted in…)，并取得了巨大的成功(with enormous success)。由此可见，他的新理念在很多国家不断取得进展，故选A项“在许多国家不断地取得进展”。

单选题 What can we learn from research on diets in developed countries?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】题目询问从发达国家的饮食研究中我们能了解到什么。第1段第1句指出，在发达国家，越富裕的人和受教育程度越高的人往往有更高质量的饮食(higher-quality diets)；第2句紧接着指出，经济条件差的人在饮食上面缺乏营养、热量爆棚(nutrient-poor and energy-dense)。B项“不同社会群体的人在饮食习惯方面各不相同”符合题意，故选B项。

单选题 What does the author say is important in formulating policies to improve diets and health?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】题目询问作者认为在制定改善饮食和健康的政策时什么是重要的。第2段第3句引出一个问题：为什么情况会是如此(why this is the case)，并认为这个问题对制定高效的政策和倡议来改善饮食并预防慢性疾病有重大意义。第3句提到的情况是指第1句提到的“这些饮食差异往往伴随着更高的肥胖症和糖尿病发病率”。而根据第1段可知，这些饮食差异是社会阶层造成的。综合以上分析，A项“更全面地理解社会阶层和健康之间的关系”符合题意，故选A项。

单选题 What does research reveal about adults in food-insecure households?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】题目询问研究揭示了家里三餐不继的成年人的哪些情况。第4段第1句和第2句指出两点：家里三餐不继的成年人和家里三餐无忧的成年人一样，会通过调整食谱来让自己更健康；他们在食物的准备和烹饪技能方面也同样熟练。由此可见，家里三餐不继的成年人并不缺乏食品知识或预算技能，故选D项。

单选题 What would help improve food security among the disadvantaged groups in Canada?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】题目询问怎样做有利于改善加拿大弱势群体的饮食保障问题。根据第5段第2句可知，在加拿大，低收入是饮食没有保障的最大原因，导致一些家庭无法获得足够的营养的食物。换句话说，要改善饮食保障，就应该给他们提供有营养的食物，故选C项“使他们有更多的机会获得有营养的食物”。