单选题
Henry Ford

Experimenting with household objects can often get young people in trouble, but for one intelligent, inquisitive boy, it created the foundation of his future.
  • (A) [■] Young Henry Ford discovered through his curious mind that many objects were useful for much more than their intended purposes.
  • (B) [■] He used his mother's darning needles to help him repair watches.
  • (C) [■] And once, in an effort to study the power of steam, he sat and watched water boil in his mother's teapot.
  • (D) [■] Little did Ford know that these experiments would lead him to creating a means of transportation that would change the world forever.
    Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863, near Detroit, Michigan. He was the oldest of six children and the grandson of immigrants from Ireland who came to America in 1847. His family were all farmers and he grew up on the family farm where he began to develop mechanical skills. Through his experiences on the farm with his father, Henry developed a great curiosity about how things worked.
    When traveling in his father's wagon, Henry would often wonder if there was a faster and easier way to travel. Something happened when he was only thirteen years old that he would remember for the rest of his life. He was riding in the wagon with his father, and he spotted a steam engine traveling along the road under its own power. Henry was so excited that he ran toward the engine and asked its driver question after question about the incredible machine.
    At the time, the machine was used for sawing wood and other stationary tasks, but the engine was mounted on wheels to propel itself from one location to another. Henry was excited because the driver let him fire the engine and even run it. From that point on, Henry Ford's dream of creating a self-propelled vehicle began to materialize.
    Ford wanted to move to Detroit to work in the machine shops, but he stayed on the family farm until he was seventeen. At that time, he started his successful journey by moving to Detroit. He began working at the Michigan Car Company for $1.10 a day, but he was fired because he was faster than anyone else at making repairs. It took him only one hour to do what took others five hours to do! From there, he took on two different jobs, but his dream continued to be the creator of a "horseless carriage". No matter where he worked, he continued to read about gas engines and experiment in his own workshop.
    In 1896, Ford's efforts began to pay off when he was working at the Detroit Edison Illuminating Company. His first self-propelled vehicle was ready for a try. As it started to run, it actually frightened the horses and caused many people to protest but it ran.
    It was at the Detroit Edison Illuminating Company where Ford met Thomas Edison. Ford had always admired Thomas Edison's work and was excited when he discovered that Edison was also impressed with Ford. When the two discussed Ford's invention, Edison agreed that it had possibilities and encouraged him to continue. This gave Ford the incentive to invent an operable car that was written up in the Detroit Journal where he was described as a "mechanical engineer." Soon, his work on automobiles forced him to leave the Detroit Edison Illuminating Company. Ford wanted more time to work on automobile building so he quit his job.
    Ford's dream began to materialize with his invention of automobiles and the development of the assembly line. His dream of creating "a motor car for the great multitude...constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, ...so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one..." came true with the invention of his ninth car, the Model T. It sold more than any other car for eighteen years between 1908 and 1926. This commonplace, hard working, sturdy car made up over one half of all the cars sold at this time.
    Today, we are reminded of Ford's genius whenever we see one of his "horseless carriages" traveling across the many highways in our world. Who would have guessed that a young boy's experimentation with household objects would result in such a dramatic change for the world? The next time you see a child experimenting with different common objects, keep in mind that you may be witnessing the beginning of another great invention;


单选题 What does the word inquisitive mean in Paragraph 1 of the passage?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题属于词汇题,主要考查考生根据上下文对单词inquisitive的理解。该句开篇点明主旨:“Experimenting with household objects can often get young people in trouble, but for one intelligent, inquisitive boy, it created the foundation of his future (用家用物品做实验经常给年轻人惹来麻烦,但对于聪颖而且好奇心强的男孩子来说,这种实验为他的将来打下基础)”。因此inquisitive在此处的意思是“好奇的”。选项A和选项D的意思都是“不关心的,无关的”,选项C的意思是“监视”,这几个选项均不符合题意。选项B(好奇心强的)正符合题意,故选项B为正确答案。
单选题 What does the word stationary mean in Paragraph 4 of the passage?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题仍为词汇题,主要考查考生根据上下文对单词stationary的理解。根据句子“At the time, the machine was used for sawing wood and other stationary tasks, but the engine was mounted on wheels to propel itself from one location to another (这种机器用于锯木头和做其他静止不动的活儿,但它的发动机是装在轮子上来推动轮子从一个地方移到另一个地方)”,stationary的意思是“保持静止不动”。选项A(运动的)和选项D(灵活的)和本句的意思相反,选项C(不变的)表达的意思不准确,选项B(不动的)符合题意,因此选择B。
单选题 In Paragraph 7, Detroit Journal depicts Ford as a ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为事实信息题,考查考生能否抓住文章中所提到的事实和细节。题目问:根据文章第七段,Detroit Journal将福特描述成什么样的人?根据“This gave Ford the incentive to invent an operable car that was written up in the Detroit Journal where he was described as a 'mechanical engineer' (Detroit Journal将福特描述为‘机械工程师’)”,由此可知选项C(机械工程师)为正确答案。选项A、B、D在文章中并未提到,因此不予选择。
单选题 According to Paragraph 8, Henry Ford's dream came true with his invention of ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题仍为事实信息题。题目问:根据文章第八段,福特实现了他的梦想是因为他发明了下列哪一项东西?根据“His dream of creating 'motor car for the great multitude...constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, ...so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one...' came true with the invention of his ninth car, the Model T (福特的梦想是生产出数量多、材料精良、由素质高的工人制造,价格低廉,只要有一份不错的收入的人都可以拥有的汽车。在他发明了第九辆车Model T之后他才梦想成真)”。由此可知,选项C为正确答案。选项A、B、D在文章中并未提到,因此不予选择。
单选题 According to Paragraph 3, what conclusion can be drawn from the article about the United States during the time of Henry Ford's youth?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为推论题,考查考生根据文章中的已知信息推断出暗示的信息的能力。题目问:在文章第三段中,福特年轻时关于美国当时状况的描述涉及下列哪一项?根据句子:“When traveling in his father's wagon, Henry would often wonder if there were a faster and easier way to travel (当福特和父亲坐在四轮马车上出行时,他总是想是否会有更快、更便捷的交通工具用于旅行呢)”,综合上下文可知选项B(人们也许已厌倦了马车而想要更好的旅行方式)”为正确答案,选项A、C、D的信息表述不确切。
单选题 All of the following mentioned in Paragraph 8 contributed to Henry Ford's dream of creating a motor car EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为正误判断题,考查考生根据文章中所阐明的信息,判断什么信息是正确的,什么信息是错误的或是文章中没有提到的。题目问:在文章第八段中,在福特认为理想的汽车应具备的条件中,下列是哪一选项未涉及?从“His dream of creating 'a motor car for the great multitude...constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, ...so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one...' (福特的梦想是生产出数量多,材料精良,由素质高的工人制造,价格低廉,只要有一份不错的收入的人都可以拥有的汽车)”中可知,选项D为正确答案。
单选题 What can be inferred according to Paragraph 2 about Ford's experiences on the farm with his father?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为推论题。题目问:根据文章第二段,关于福特和父亲在农场的经历,可以推出以下哪一个结论?根据“Through his experiences on the farm with his father, Henry developed a great curiosity about how things worked (福特和父亲在农场的经历激发了福特对事物的工作原理的好奇心)”,我们得出选项C为正确答案。其他三个选项均不符合题意。
单选题 Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为句子简化题,主要考查考生排除细枝末节的干扰,用简化的句子表达原句基本内容的能力。文中下划线部分的意思为:“下一回当你看见一个孩子用不同的普通物品做实验时,记住:你也许会见证另一项伟大的发明即将开始。”选项C的意思最接近原句,故选C。
单选题 According to Paragraph 7, Henry Ford left the Detroit Edison Illuminating Company because ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为事实信息题,主要考查考生抓住文章中所阐明的事实与细节并排除干扰选项的能力。题目问:根据文章第七段,福特离开Detroit Edison Illuminating Company的原因是下列哪一选项?由下列句子“Soon, his work on automobiles forced him to leave the Detroit Edison Illuminating Company. Ford wanted mote time to work on automobile building so he quit his job”可知,福特离开Detroit Edison Illuminating Company是因为他需要有更多的时间来制造汽车。所以,选项B为正确答案,而选项A、C、D在文章中并未提到,因此不予选择。
单选题 The word sturdy in Paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为词汇题,主要考查考生根据上下文对单词sturdy的理解。前面提到福特一直想生产出材料精良、价格低廉同时又结实耐用的汽车。他的这个梦想随着Model T的推出最终实现了。由此可知,sturdy的意思为“坚固的,耐用的”,选项A(结实耐用的)正符合题意。而选项B(坚决的)、选项C(精力充沛的)和选项D(崎岖的)均不符合句意,故选项A为正确答案。
单选题 According to the passage, the author's description of horseless carriages mentions which of the following?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为事实信息题。题目问:作者对horseless carriages的描述为下列哪一选项?短文主要讲Henry Ford如何用发动机制造比马车更快、更便捷的交通工具——汽车这个故事。由此可知,作者对horseless carriages的描述应为选项B(汽车)。选项A(火车)、C(飞机)、D(蒸汽机)在文章中未提到,因此不予选择。
单选题 Based on the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the characteristic of being a successful inventor?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 本题是推论题。题目问:根据文章的内容,具备下列哪种素质的人才能成为一个成功的发明家?通过综合文章第一段的内容,我们可知选项D(只有具备对发明新事物坚持不懈和胸怀雄心壮志这两种素质的人)为正确答案。选项A(这个人应有个人魅力、有趣)、选项B(他应勤勉且工作时间长)和选项C(他应该到技校学习相关技能)都为错误理解,因此不予选择。
单选题 Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
For example, he used to tinker with his father's farming tools to see what they could do.
Where would the sentence best fit?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题为篇章插话题,考查考生能否将特定的一句话根据逻辑关系插入顺序相连的四个句子之间的能力。A处的上文说福特是个好奇心极强的孩子。第一个方框处的下文说他在年幼的时候就发现许多物体要远比它们本来的功能还要多。接着在第二个方框后举例说明他用母亲的针来修手表等。因此,句子“For example, he used to tinker with his father's farming tools to see what they could do”应放在方框第二处,即举例说明第一个方框后的句子,先举出胡乱地修理爸爸的农具的例子,然后举出他用母亲的针来修手表的例子。这样的插法体现了句子之间的逻辑关系。