单选题 People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man's release of completely new and often artificial (人造) substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance (物质), such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.
Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up there or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal (处理) of the products we use in our daily lives.

单选题 The main cause of pollution is ______.
A. the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment
B. the production of new industrial goods
C. increased amounts of a natural substance
D. our ever-increasing population

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。答案在第一段：Pollution is caused either by man’s release of com-pletely new and often artificial substances into the environment，or by releasing greatly in—creased amounts of a natural substance…可见，污染主要是由于人类向自然界排放人造物质和自然物质所引起的。

单选题 Much of the pollution could be controlled if only ______.
A. people would pay more attention to the problem
B. governments would take effective measures
C. all sides concerned would make more efforts
D. farmers would use less artificial fertilizers

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。第二段作者提到：Whatever its underlying reasons，there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies，individuals and governments would make more efforts．要控制污染，需要个人、企业和政府的共同努力。C最具概括性。

单选题 Food packages, bottles and tins for drinks can cause ______.
A. air and water pollution
B. both a litter problem and a waste of resources
C. to pay for the service
D. to produce the receipt

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。第二段说：This not only causes a litter problem，but also is a great waste of resources，in terms of glass，metal and paper．因此，B最符合题意。

单选题 Which of the following can NOT help solving the problem of pollution?
A. Cutting out unnecessary buying.
B. Eating less.
C. Reducing excess use.
D. Carefully disposing of our daily products.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。文章最后一句告诉我们如何控制污染：Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying，excess use and careless disposal(处理)of the products we use in our daily lives．其中A、C、D均提及，只有B未提及。

单选题 What does the underlined word "litter" mean in paragraph two?
A. Not many. B. Serious problem.
C. Bits of waste things. D. Industrial pollution.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 词汇题。看单词所在的句子：In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste litter和waste由and连接，表并列。D项可以首先排除，因为在家里不可能控制工业污染。其余答案中与waste意思接近的C就是正确答案了。