单选题 How do you get the most out of your revision time, and end up with the best grades you can? Or, if you're a different sort of student, how can you get the same grades you're getting now, but spend less time revising? Decades of research carried out by psychologists about learning and memory has produced some clear advice on doing just that.
First, space your practice. Our analysis showed that people who leave longer gaps between practice attempts go on to score higher. In fact, the longer the gaps, the higher the scores. If you want to study effectively, you should spread out your revision rather than cramming. This is easier said than done, but if you are organized enough, you can spend less time revising and remember more.
Second, make sure you fail occasionally. A new result from our analysis shows that people who are most inconsistent when they first start have better scores later on. Our theory is that these people are exploring how the game works, rather than trying to get the very highest score they can every time. Players even finish the game with a score that tells them how good they are. Invest some time in trying things out, which may mean failing occasionally, if you want to maximize learning in the long run.
Third, practice the thing you'll be tested on. Writing exam answers is a skill, just like playing an online game is a skill. You wouldn't try and improve at a game by trying to memorize moves, you'd practice making them.
Fourth, structure information, don't try to remember it. Just looking at your notes won't help you learn them. Instead, you need to reorganize the information in some way. This approach, called 'depth of processing', is the way to ensure material gets lodged in your memory.
Fifth, rest and sleep. Even napping can help consolidate your memories, and maybe even make you more creative. This is great news for those people who like to nap during the day, and is a signal that staying up all night to revise probably isn't a good idea.
No matter what method you use, you need to know how to learn better.

单选题 What does the sentence 'the longer the gaps, the higher the scores' in the second paragraph mean?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[考点] 文章细节该题应定位至文章第二段：我们的分析表明，练习之间间隔较长的人，更有可能得高分。实际上，间隔时间越长，分数会越高。如果想要有效地学习，你应该分散你的复习时间而不是临时抱佛脚。这说起来容易做起来难，但如果安排合理，你的学习会达到事半功倍的效果。所以答案为C项。

单选题 Why does the author compare writing exam answers to playing games in the fourth paragraph?

单选题 Which of the following is the explanation of 'depth of processing' in paragraph 5?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[考点] 判断根据depth of processing可以将该题定位至文章第五段，第五段指出要将信息结构化，而不是尝试去记忆。“光看笔记是学不好的，归纳总结才是硬道理。这种被称为‘深加工’的方法能确保你牢牢记住这些材料。”因此“深加工”是指A选项的内容，同时要明确rearrange是reorganize的同义替换。

单选题 What is the result for people who like to stay up all night to learn?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[考点] 结果题目主要是要求选出熬夜学习的后果，因此可以定位至第六段，第六段指出，即使打盹儿也可以帮你巩固记忆，让你更具创造力。这对于喜欢白天打盹儿的人而言是莫大的福音，同时也说明：挑灯夜战，熬夜学习不是明智的选择。也就是说熬夜学习并不能让你加固记忆，所以答案是B选项。