Fabio Schvartsman, a well—respected businessman as yet, may now be the most detested man in Brazil. As chief executive of vale, a giant miner and the worlds largest producer of iron ore, it was Mr. Schvartsman who had to face the public after the collapse of a company tailings (矿渣) dam in the town of Brumadinho on January, 25th. 186 people are now confirmed as dead, with 122 still missing.
So it was not a shock when, on March 2nd, Vale said that Mr. Schvartsman would step down. Tailings dams contain tonnes of waste material from mining operations. The design used at Brumadinho was known to be the least expensive and most risky. After a flood of waste burst from the Brumadinho dam, ripping through a staff canteen and submerging a valley in mud, the company tried to respond quickly. Its board suspended benefits for executives. It has made payments of 100,000 reais($26,000) to 266 families.
Eduardo deSalles Bartolomeo, a Vale veteran, has been named interim (临时的) chief executive. He faces mounting problems. A crucial question is if Mr. Schvartsman or other executives knew about problems with the dam. The firm maintains that they didn’t. Prosecutors (检察官) declare that Vale made a secret deal to hide the fact that the dam is in danger.
Despite all these difficulties the firm may recover. That is partly because of Mr. Schvartsman’s changes since he took over, in May 2017. He reduced Vale’s debt and cut capital spending.With healthy free cash flow and low debt, Vale’s balance sheet can probably withstand even heavy government fines. The fundamentals in metals markets are also helping In the 2020s, demand is expected to rise for iron ore in emerging markets and for nickel(another of Vale’s key commodities) in electric cars. That increases the odds of Vale surviving the disaster, even as victims remain Missing, buried in mud.
What does the underlined word“detest”in Paragraph I mean?
由 Para.1 第二句中“it was Mr. Schvartsman who had to face the public after the collapse of a company tailings dam in the town of Brumadinho on January, 25th. 186 people are now confirmed as dead, with 122 still missing.”可知，施瓦采曼所在公司的尾矿坝倒塌导致 186 人死亡，122 人失踪。选项 A： 忽视；对…不予理会 ；选项 B： 热爱，爱慕(某人) ；选项 C： 憎恨，憎恶，仇恨(某人) ；选项 D： 尊敬；尊重 ；选项 C 正确。
Why was it Fabio Schvartsman who had to face the public after the disaster?
由 Para.1 第二句中“As chief executive of vale, a giant miner and the worlds largest producer of iron ore…”可知他是全球最大的铁矿石生产商、矿业巨头淡水河谷的首席执行官，选项 A：因为淡水河谷是一家大型矿商；选项 B： 因为他是首席执行官 ；选项 C： 因为他过去很受人尊敬 ；选项D： 因为事故造成许多人死亡 ；选项 B 符合。
What is the biggest problem that Eduardo desalles Bartolomeo faces after he has been appointed interim chief executive?
Eduardo desalles Bartolomeo 被任命为临时首席执行官后，他面临的最大问题是什么，由Para.3“A crucial question is…Prosecutors declare that Vale made a secret deal to hide the fact that the dam is in danger”可知一个关键的问题是检方宣布，淡水河谷秘密达成了一项交易，以掩盖三峡大坝处于危险之中的事实，选项 A：解雇施瓦采曼先生；选项 B： 对高管的法律指控 ；选项 C： 暂停向高管发放福利 ；选项 D：向 266 个家庭支付 10 万雷亚尔；选项 B 更符合。
What may help Vale survive the disaster?
什么可以帮助淡水河谷度过这场灾难，由Para.5 中“…demand is expected to rise for iron ore in emerging markets and for nickel(another of Vale’s key commodities) in electric cars. That increases the odds of Vale surviving the disaster”可知新兴市场的铁矿石和镍在电动汽车方面的需求将上升，会加大淡水河谷在灾难中幸存的几率。选项 A： 增加淡水河谷的债务 ；选项 B： 政府重罚 ；选项 C： 把施瓦查曼关进监狱 ；选项 D： 不断增加对淡水河谷商品的需求 ；选项 D 正确。
Why did the company’s tailings dam in Brumadinho collapse?
为什么该公司位于布鲁玛蒂尼奥的尾矿坝会坍塌，由Para.2 中“The design used at Brumadinho was known to be the least expensive and most risky”可知在布鲁玛蒂尼奥中使用的设计被认为是最便宜和最危险的，选项 A：因为施瓦查曼在 2017 年 5 月削减了淡水河谷的资本支出；选项 B：因为采矿作业产生了成吨的废料；选项 C：因为大坝的设计是最便宜和最危险的；选项 D：因为公司的高管们知道大坝决口的风险；故选C。