单选题
阅读下面的短文,文中有15处空白,每处空白给出4个选项,请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
American public education has changed numbers of American parents and teachers are in recent years. One change is that increasing starting independent public schools {{U}}(51) {{/U}} charter schools (特许学校).
In 1991, there were no charter schools in the United States. Today, more than 2,300 charter schools {{U}}(52) {{/U}} in 34 states and the District of Columbia. 575,000 students {{U}}(53) {{/U}} these schools. The students are from 5 years of age through 18 or older. A charter school is {{U}}(54) {{/U}} by groups of parents, teachers and community (社区) members. It is similar in some ways {{U}}(55) {{/U}} a traditional public school. It receives tax money to operate just as other public schools do. The {{U}}(56) {{/U}} it receives depends on the number of students. The charter school must prove to local or state governments that its students are learning. These governments{{U}} (57) {{/U}} the school with the agreement, or charter that permits it to operate. Unlike a traditional public school, {{U}}(58) {{/U}}, the charter school does not have to obey most laws governing public schools. Local, state or federal governments cannot tell it what {{U}}(59) {{/U}}. Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to {{U}}(60) {{/U}} those goals. Class sizes usually are, smaller than in many traditional public schools. Many students and parents say {{U}}(61) {{/U}} in charter schools can be more creative.
However, state education agencies, local education-governing committees and unions often {{U}}(62) {{/U}} charter schools. They say these schools may receive money badly {{U}}(63) {{/U}} by traditional public schools. Experts say some charter schools are doing well while others are struggling. Congress provided 200 million dollars for {{U}}(64) {{/U}} charter schools in the 2002 federal budget (预算). But, often the schools say they lack enough money for their {{U}}(65) {{/U}}. Many also lack needed space.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] called是过去分词作后置定语表示被动,这里是说,那些学校被叫做特许学校。asked,known,said不仅意思不合适,也不符合这里的语法要求:如果硬要用asked修饰public schools,也得说,public schools asked to do sth. ;在这里的语境中,known要与as连用;said要与to be连用。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] operate在这里是不及物动词,是“运转”的意思。作为不及物动词,study,conduct和perform在这里作charter schools的谓语都不合适。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] attend school上学,是一个固定的表达方式。finish和cut放在these schools前面不通。可以说leave these schools,但attend these schools更符合这里上下文的要求。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 虽然从语法上说taught,held和understood在这里都可以用,但从意思上讲,却只能用C,因为根据这一段其他句子所提供的上下文,这个句子讲的应该是特许学校及其兴办人。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] be similar to是一个固定说法。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] the amount是the amount of money的省略形式,它与上一句的tax money相照应。expense不能与receive连用;attention和information虽然可以和receive连用,但从意思上看,不符合上下文的要求。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] provide与with连用,恰好与原句中的with相吻合。buy和review常与for连用,give常与to连用。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] besides此外,moreover而且,thus因而,however然而。这四个词中只有however表示转折关系。原句的意思是:“与传统的公共学校不同,大多数用以管理公共学校的法律,特许学校都不必遵守。”显然,这里讲的是特许学校与传统公共学校之间不同,与上一段构成对照关系,是一种转折,所以要用however。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 这个句子中的it指的是上一句中的the charter school,学校的主要功能是教学;这个句子的下一句说,“每个学校(指特许学校)都可以选择自己的目标”,也就是“教什么”。综合这两点,这里应该填teach。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] reach those goals意思是“达到那些目标”。这个句子的意思是:“每个学校(指特许学校)都可以选择自己的目标,并可以决定达到那些目标的途径。”所以,最佳选择是reach。set, indicate和define与句意相关性甚小。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本文一直在谈特许学校的事,这个句子仍然在谈特许学校的事,所以teachers应为首选。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 从上下文看,这里的意义应该是反面的。这四个词中,encourage的意义是正面的,不能选,change和enter与这里的上下文相关性较小,所以,最佳选择是oppose。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 这个句子提及的是反对特许学校的一个理由,那就是,特许学校可能会挤占传统公共学校非常需要的经费。所以,这里应该用needed。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 这个句子提到,“国会为……提供了20亿美元。”四个选项中,只有establishing与charter schools连用最符合题意。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] programs在这里指的是“学校的课程计划”。这个句子的意思是:“虽然有国会大量的拨款,特许学校仍然会经常说他们缺乏足够的钱来完成他们的教学计划。”其他三个词缺乏相关性。