翻译题

The object of what we commonly call education—that education in which man intervenes and which I shall distinguish as artificial education—is to make good these defects in nature’s methods; to prepare the child to receive nature’s education, neither incapably nor ignorantly, nor with wilful disobedience. In short, all artificial education ought to be an anticipation of natural education. And a liberal education is an artificial education—which has trained a man to appreciate and to seize upon the rewards which nature scatters with as free a hand as her penalties.
That man, I think, has had a liberal education who has been so trained in youth that his body is the ready servant of his will, and does with ease and pleasure all the work that as a mechanism, it is capable of; whose intellect is a clear, cold, logic engine, with all its parts of equal strength, and in smooth working order.
Such a one and no other, I conceive, has had a liberal education; for he is, as completely as a man can be, in harmony with nature. He will make the best of her, and she of him.

【正确答案】

我们通常所称的教育(因为这种教育有人称为介入, 我在此将其称为“人为教育”以示区分) , 其目的在于弥补自然教育在方法上的缺陷, 同时为孩子接受大自然的教育做好准备, 使他们不至于无知、 无能或逆反。 总而言之, 所有人为教育应该是对自然教育的预期。 通识教育就是一种人为教育。 这种教育方式不仅教导人们避免逆反自然规律这样的罪恶行为, 还教导人们利用并感恩于自然的赏赐, 因为大自然用她的自由之手散播赏赐, 就如同散播各种惩罚一样。
我认为, 一个接受过通识教育的人应该是这样的: 他年轻时受到的训练可以使其身体服从自己的意志, 就像一台机器一样轻松而愉悦地从事一切工作; 他的心智好比一台敏锐、 冷静而有逻辑性的引擎, 每个部分能力相当, 有条不紊地运行着。
我认为, 只有这样的人, 才有资格称为接受过通识教育, 因为他已经和自然互为相融, 互利互用, 和谐与共。

【答案解析】