单选题 The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work 34 which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a 35 thought. But, in fact, it could offer the 36 of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became 37 when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and 38 work from people's homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, 39 , many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. It became 40 for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife.
It was not only women whose work status 41 . As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were 42
All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of 43 many people to manage without full-time jobs.
A. amazing F. discouraging K. prospect
B. concepts G. eventually L. removed
C. customary H. excluded M. suffered
D. definitely I. helping N. vision
E. deprived J. patterns O. widespread

问答题

【正确答案】J

【答案解析】名词辨析题。空格处缺少名词与work搭配构成名词短语作in的宾语。此句句意是：工业时代给工作带来的一些变化可能不得不被彻底改变。work patterns意为“工作模式”，work concepts意为“工作观念”，结合前一句提到的the form of jobs可以得出，work patterns“工作模式”更符合题意，故答案为patterns“模式”。

问答题

【正确答案】F

【答案解析】形容词辨析题。空格位于不定冠词a之后，名词thought之前，故应填入一个形容词。此句句意是：这似乎是一个______想法。根据上句句意及下句中的转折词But可知，此处所填词应该表达消极意思，故答案为discouraging“使人泄气的”。amazing意为“令人惊诧的”，不符合句意，可排除。

问答题

【正确答案】K

【答案解析】名词辨析题。空格处应填名词与of a better future一起作offer的宾语。此句句意是：但是，事实上，它可以为工作提供一个更美好未来的______。prospect“前景”与future相照应，故为答案。

问答题

【正确答案】O

【答案解析】形容词辨析题。空格位于became后，故应填形容词。此句句意是：17世纪和18世纪的圈地运动通过剥夺人们对土地的使用权使许多人依靠有偿工作生存，雇用制变得______。结合备选形容词，widespread“分布广的，普遍的”符合句意，为本题答案。customary“习惯性的；惯例的”不符合句意，可排除。

问答题

【正确答案】L

【答案解析】动词辨析题。空格前是并列连词and，空格后是名词work，因此空格处缺少与destroyed并列的谓语动词。此句句意是：之后，工厂系统摧毁了家庭手工业，把工作从人们的家里______。removed“移走”符合题意，故为答案。deprived意为“剥夺”，常用于deprive sb. of sth. 结构中，不符合句子结构要求，故排除。

问答题

【正确答案】G

【答案解析】副词辨析题。空格所在句是完整的句子，所以空格处缺少副词。此句句意是：……人们长途乘车到达他们工作的地点，直到______许多人的工作失去了与家庭生活和居住地的所有联系。eventually“最终”符合句意，故为答案。

问答题

【正确答案】C

【答案解析】形容词辨析题。空格在became后，故此处应填形容词作表语。此句句意是：丈夫出去做有偿的工作，把无偿的家中工作和家庭工作留给妻子，这成为______。customary意为“惯例的”，符合句意，故为答案。

问答题

【正确答案】M

【答案解析】动词辨析题。空格位于定语从句中，从句缺少谓语动词且不含宾语，因此此处应填不及物动词。根据空格前的was以及第三段首句中的at a disadvantage可知，空格处应填表示消极意义的动词过去式。此句句意是：不仅是女性的工作状况______。suffered作不及物动词时，有“变差”的含义，符合句意，故为答案。excluded与deprived都是及物动词，后面需带宾语，故排除。

问答题

【正确答案】H

【答案解析】动词辨析题。空格处应填动词的过去分词与were构成被动结构，或填形容词作表语。由上句中的not only可知此句与上句并列，也表示消极的意思，因此空格处应填表示消极意义的词。此句句意是：随着雇用制成为主要的工作形式，年轻人和老人______。excluded意为“把……排除在外”，符合句意，故为答案。

问答题

【正确答案】I

【答案解析】动词辨析题。空格位于介词of之后，且空格后出现了动词不定式to manage，因此空格处应填动词的现在分词形式。此句句意是：将一些精力和资源从为所有人创造工作这种理想主义目标转移到______许多没有全职工作的人维持生活这个紧迫的实际的任务上来，这样的时代必将到来。helping意为“帮助”，符合句意，故为答案。