外语问答(6分钟)    

问答题

Question 1
  Assume that you are teaching Chinese in a high school in the US. There is a boy and a girl who fall in love with each other. They show too much affection in your class, like kissing, which seriously distracts the other students. What would you do to solve this problem?

【正确答案】

  On this issue, first of all, I would like to take the cultural differences between China and the United States into account. In China, high school students’ falling in love is contrary to the student code, but in the United States, it’s not so strict in students’ relationship as China. So I can not directly blame their behavior.
  If they show too much affection in class, which disturbs other students obviously, I will help them to concentrate on knowledge learning by asking them to answer my questions. After class, I will chat with the two of them privately, and tell them that their behavior interfered with other students in a friendly way, hoping that they can correct their behavior by themselves and study hard in class.
  In order to arouse their vigilance, I need to tell all the students that the new knowledge they are about to learn is very important but difficult before the next class beginning, so as to emphasize the class discipline.

【答案解析】

题干中文翻译:
  假设你在美国的一所高中教汉语。班上有一男一女谈恋爱,课上他们有很多亲密的举动,如当众接吻,这些行为严重地分散了其他同学的注意力。你会怎么处理这个问题?

答案中文翻译:
  在这个问题上,首先我要考虑到中美文化差异。在中国,中学生谈恋爱是违反学生守则的,但在美国,对于高中生谈恋爱的问题并没有如中国一样上纲上线,所以我不能直接指责他们的行为。
  如果正在上课的过程中他们的行为过于暧昧,干扰到其他学生,我会通向他们俩提问的方式将他俩的注意力集中到学习上来。下课之后,我会私底下和他们二人聊天,并友好地提示告诉他们其行为干扰到了其他同学,希望他们能自行纠正并且在上课的时候认真学习。
  下次课上课之前,我需要先告诉学生们这节课要学习很重要但很难的新知识,从而强调课堂纪律,以调动学生们的警觉性。

问答题

Question 2
  A Confucius Institute in the UK plans to organize a Chinese New Year Party and intends to offer a paper-cut of a dragon as a gift for the guests. Do you think it is appropriate to do this? Why?

【正确答案】

  Obviously, it is not appropriate to send the paper-cut of dragon to the guests, which refers to the issue of cultural differences between Eastern culture and Western culture. In Chinese culture, dragon implies justice and strength, so Chinese like dragon and worship dragon, and even call themselves the descendants of dragon. However, in most Western cultures, dragon represents evil, so most Westerners fear or even hate dragon. Therefore, the paper-cut sent to the guests can easily cause the guests’ misunderstanding.
  So, what's the taboo of sending gifts in cross-cultural communication activities? First, try not to send facial makeup, because face masks may scare them. Second, be cautious about sending gifts with auspicious animals’ pattern, such as dragon, because each animal has different meanings in different cultures. Finally, be careful about food and drinks, because our favorite food may not suit their tastes, and their religious beliefs may prohibit some certain foods.
  What should we send them on earth? In my opinion, the gift is to make them happy, but also to show the excellent Chinese traditional culture and our sincerity. Therefore, we can prepare some practical, with Chinese elements but without cultural misunderstanding gifts according to the specific circumstances of gifts giving. Just like this Spring Festival activities, we can give them Chinese knots, plum paper-cuts, orchid paper-cuts and so on.

【答案解析】

题干中文翻译:
  英国一所孔子学院计划举行一次春节联欢活动,打算用“龙”的剪纸作为礼物送给来参加活动的嘉宾。你认为这样做合适吗?为什么?

答案中文翻译:
  很显然送“龙”的剪纸给嘉宾是不合适的,这涉及东西方文化差异的问题。在中国文化里,“龙”寓意着正义和力量,中国人都喜欢“龙”并且崇拜“龙”,以“龙的传人”自称。但是在大多数西方国家的文化里,“龙”却代表邪恶,所以大部分西方人害怕甚至厌恶“龙”。所以,送给嘉宾“龙”的剪纸容易引起嘉宾的误会。
  那么,在跨文化交际活动中送礼物有什么禁忌呢?首先,尽量不要送脸谱,因为人脸面具可能会让他们产生心理恐惧。其次,慎送带有“瑞兽”图案的礼物,比如“龙”,因为每一种动物在不同的文化里有不同的寓意。最后,慎送食物饮品,因为我们的喜欢的食物可能不合他们的口味,而且他们的宗教信仰里可能禁止食用某些食物。
  我们究竟该送什么给他们呢?在我看来,给他们送礼是为了让他们开心,同时也是为了展示优秀的中国传统文化和我们的诚意。因此,我们可以根据送礼的具体情况,送一些实用的、不会产生文化误解的、带有中国元素的东西。就如此次春节联欢活动,我们可以送给他们中国结、梅花剪纸、兰花剪纸等。