阅读理解
Every year, the Nobel Prize is given to outstanding work in six fields: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, economics, and work in peace. These prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, who asked for the Nobel Foundation to be made in his will. He was an inventor and businessman. Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1883. His father, Immanuel Nobel has periods of success building bridges and periods of not making any money. Immanuel sent Alfred to study chemistry in Paris. Alfred met Ascanio Sobrero, who found the liquid nitroglycerine, a liquid that explodes very easily. Alfred thought about making use of nitroglycerine in the construction of bridges and tunnels. An accident happened during the experiment with the liquid, causing an explosion, which killed and injured several people, including his brother. He continued looking for ways to make this liquid not explode so easily. Nobel was successful in finding a safe way to store the liquid and in 1864 began producing huge amounts of it. He found that mixing it with kind of sand would turn the liquid into a paste. He then wanted to shape the paste into rods that would make it easy to blow up rock when building a tunnel. In 1867, he patented the material as dynamite. This patent greatly reduced the costs of blasting rock and drilling tunnels. As a businessman, Nobel set up laboratories that made dynamite in 90 locations in more than 20 countries. Although dynamite was useful in construction, many people used it as a weapon in war. At age 43, the wealthy and lonely businessman put an ad in the newspaper for a secretary though he was really looking for a wife. Bertha Kinsky worked as his secretary for a short time, but married another man and became Bertha von Suttner. Bertha and Alfred remained friends and wrote letters many years later. She most likely influenced him to strive for peace. She published a novel "Lay Down Your Arms!" in 1889 and became a leading figure in the peace movement. For these reasons, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905.
单选题
Alfred Nobel' s family______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】细节题。作者在文章第二段指出“His father，Immanuel Nobel has periods of success building bridges and periods ofnot making any money”即Alfred Nobel的父亲有时会成功建造桥梁，赚很多钱。但有时也会一分钱都不挣。选项D表述与此相符。
单选题
Who discovered nitroglycerine?
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】细节题。文章第二段指出“Alfred met Ascanio Sobrero，who found the liquid nitroglycerine”，即Ascanio Sobrero发现了nitroglycerine。故选B。
单选题
What was one problem of nitroglycerine?
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】细节题。文章第二段出“a liquid that explodes very easily”以及后面提到“Nobel was successful in finding a safe way to store the liquid”，可知nitroglycerine极易爆炸，不易储存。故选C。
单选题
Why was Bertha von Suttner awarded the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize?
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】细节题。文章最后一段指出“For these reasons，she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize…”，联系上下文，可知these reasons指代的是前面两句话“She most likely influenced him to strive for peace…became a leading figure in the peace movement．”。故选B。
单选题
According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】细节题。根据短文第一句“the Nobel Prize is given to outstanding work in six fields”可知选项D正确。作者在第三段指出“This patent greatly reduced the costs of blasting rock and drilling tunnels”。故选项A不正确；选项B在文中没有提及；由第三段最后一句“Although dynamite was useful in construction，many people used it as a weapon in war”可排除C。