单选题
A columnist is discussing how the efficient quantity of output for a
good or service is determined. These two statements appear in his
column:
Statement 1: The equilibrium quantity of production for
a good or service can be considered efficient as long as the marginal social
benefit of that quantity is greater than its marginal social cost.
Statement 2: Subsidies and quotas typically result in production of a
good or service in quantities at which the marginal social cost exceeds the
marginal social benefit.
Are these statements
correct?
Statement 1
Statement 2
①A.
Correct
Correct
②B. Correct
Incorrect
③C. Incorrect
Incorrect
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】Statement 1 is incorrect. The efficient quantity of output is the quantity at which the marginal social benefit (demand) is equal to the marginal social cost (supply). Statement 2 is also incorrect. Subsidies typically lead to overproduction, where the marginal social cost at the quantity produced is greater than the marginal social benefit. Quotas, however, typically limit production to a level below equilibrium, such that the marginal social benefit at the quantity produced is greater than the marginal social cost.