单选题 Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes (撞毁). Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent strips, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to repeat Japan"s success. Starting next year, the Foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of strips on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal (致命) traffic accidents, according to the Foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the Foundation will carry its tests in areas where speed-related hazards (危险) are the greatest—curves (弯), exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.
Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars (水平障碍物)painted across roads can initially (最初) cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are, but also make a lane (车道) appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.

单选题 The passage mainly discusses ______.

A、 a new way of highway speed control
B、 a new pattern for painting highways
C、 a new way of training drivers
D、 a new type of optical illusion

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文，我们可以知道，在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快，从而达到控制车速的目的。因此全文都在讲关于高速路上控制车速的方法。

单选题 On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that ______.

A、 they should avoid speed-related hazards
B、 they are driving in the wrong lane
C、 they should slow down their speed
D、 they are coming near to the speed limit

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。由第一段第四句“But stripes, called chevrons(人字形)，painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down”．可知C项正确。

单选题 The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ______.

A、 can keep drivers awake
B、 can cut road accidents in half
C、 will look more attractive
D、 will have a longer effect on drivers

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 推理判断题。由最后两段对比可知，人字形线比直线、水平线对控制车速有更长久的影响。

单选题 The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to ______.

A、 try out the Japanese method in certain areas
B、 change the road signs across the country
C、 replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons
D、 repeat the Japanese road patterns

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。由文章第二段内容“...the Foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country，”可知他们在精心挑选的几条路上试验日本的模式。

单选题 What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?

A、 They are suitable only on broad roads.
B、 They are falling out of use in the United States.
C、 They are ignored in a long period of time.
D、 They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars．”可知随着驾驶员对这些线越来越熟悉，交通很快又会返回全速的状态。