阅读理解
Three American psychologists did a research study several years ago on what Americans value most. In the study, eighteen values were asked to put in the order of importance. The result is as follows: I. family security 2. a world at peace 3. freedom 4. self-respect 5. happiness 6. wisdom 7. a sense of accomplishment 8. a comfortable life 9. true friendship 10. salvation(拯救)in the religious sense 11. inner harmony 12. equality 13. national security 14. mature love 15. a world of beauty 16. pleasure 17. an exciting life 18. social recognition Are you surprised that Americans place their values in this way? Did you think they would put their values in a different order? I would have thought love and friendship might have come higher on this list. As you can see, several of these values are closely related to each other and are dependent upon each other. In other words, we cannot have 1 -family security without 2 a world at peace, and 3 national security. The results of the study showed that people who placed equality high up on their list of values were those who had positive attitudes towards persons of other races and who supported civil rights activity, especially the work of Martin Luther King Jr. Another interesting finding in this study was that eleven -year-old children ranked a world of beauty 7 th in importance, but fifteen-year old children ranked a world of beauty 14 th and adults ranked it 17th. Well, what does it mean? Probably it means that as people grow older and take on more responsibilities in their work and with their own families, that appreciating beauty move-back into the background of their lives. What a pity! Children have more time to enjoy beauty and Nature. Philosophers, psychologists and religious people have always been very much concerned with values. After all, values represent what we each hold most dear to ourselves and to our society. Societies establish their own forms of government based on the collective values of the people, or at least they try to do so.
单选题
The best tide of this passage can be______.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章是关于美国人的价值观的，全文反复出现的词就是values。
单选题
Which of the following might the writer place higher on the list?
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】细节题。由第二段“I would have thought love and friendship might have comehigher on this list．”可以看出，作者认为爱和友谊是最重要的。
单选题
Which of the following is NOT true?
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】细节题。由第三段The results of the study showed that people who placedequality high up on their list of values were those who had positive attitudes towards persons ofother races and who supported civil rights activity，…可以看出，并非所有美国人都希望种族平等。
单选题
The finding that children ranked" a world of beauty" higher than adults probably means that______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】细节题。定位词a world of beauty，定位于第四段，由最后三句话“Probably itmeans that as people grow older and take on more responsibilities．．．Children have more timeto enjoy beauty and Nature．”可以看出，成年人由于要承担更多的责任，无法像孩子一样欣赏美。
单选题
According to the last paragraph, values represent______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】由最后一段话中“values represent what we each hold most dear to ourselves andto our society．”可以看出，C为正确答案。