【正确答案】 1、the typical English cottage gardens    

【答案解析】文章第七段第二句话“The geometry，gravel and bedding plants of the mid-19th-century town-house garden had given way，by the century's end，to a passion for informality and English cottage gardens,…”提到了到19世纪末人们从热衷于城镇庭院花园转到了英国乡村式的不拘于传统的园艺风格。