问答题 Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
(46) The message of the first Earth Day—April 22, 1970—had a certain innocence, filled with a certain can-do-ism: individual actions would roll back the damage done to the planet. The emphasis on the individual was picked up in best sellers like "50 Things You Can Do to Save the Planet", as well as in public-service campaigns that drove us to carpool, bicycle to work, recycle, and boycott rain-forest wood.
Earth Day 2000—April 22—reflects a new ethos. The theme of events that will be staged in the 185 participating countries is climate change and the threats—rising seas, shifting agricultural zones, more extreme weather—that a warmer world poses. The Earth Day 2000 slogan, " Clean Energy Now!" calls for replacing energy sources that produce heat-trapping greenhouse gases with energy sources (solar electricity, wind power) that do not. (47) Although some of the most eco- righteous have unplugged their homes from the electricity supply net in favor of solar panels on their roofs and fuel cells in their basements, at the rate that is happening there will be orange plantation~ in Alaska, before the greenhouse effect is forced into submission.
(48) Royal Dutch/Shell is reducing emissions of greenhouse gases at its plants by 2002 to a projected 25% below the levels of 1990, to 100 million tons. For an equivalent annual cut, every car in New England would have to be taken off the road for five years. (49) Boeing's lighting up- grade reduced its use of electricity for lighting 90% and saves 100,000 tons of carbon dioxide every year, to achieve which aim some 500,000 people would have had to change to energy-saving light bulb.
None of this is to say that individual decisions do not matter. They do the aimless movement from cars to SUVs has resulted in some 200 million more tons of carbon-dioxide emissions every year than if everyone had stayed with his nice little Taurus. (50) But individuals can exert a greater force for environmental good by pressuring corporations and governments than by lecturing their big car-driving friends.