Passage A
The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to” aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to” material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice, such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed.
There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners,and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.
The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.
第一段倒数第二句“As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice”也就是说新闻学像其他领域一样， 对它的系统研究能使我们学到很多东西。 本段第二句也说到现在很多新闻学文献或书籍强调的是怎么做新闻采访， 而不是帮我们了解采访的概念、 情境和意义。 第三句说到这些指导怎么做新闻采访的书籍也都是基于个人经验和印象。所以可以看出， 作者认为应该重视对新闻采访这一领域的系统研究。 故答案为B。
Much research has been done on interviews in general ________.
由第二段第四句“Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview.”可知， 有很多关于采访的一般性文献， 但是很遗憾的是， 这些文献几乎都没有讲到新闻采访， 说明新闻采访这个领域被忽视了。 故答案为C。
Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, ________.
文章第二段倒数第三句说， “然而， 我们之中很少有人真正地受到过媒体的采访， 尤其是电视采访。 ”由此可见， 西方人虽然对新闻采访很熟悉， 但是大多数人都未被采访过。 故答案为D。
Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?
第二段第六句“Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists.”也就是说 clinical interview是由医生physician和心理医生psychologist实施的， 所以指的是诊断面谈， 即面诊。 所以被面谈者当然是病人。 故答案为A。
The passage is most likely a part of ________.
文末“...true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates...”意思是说要想真正认识新闻采访， 需要分析和研究， 正如这本书里所讲。可以推断本文是某书籍的序言。 故答案为D。