单选题
With Airbus's giant A380 airliner about in to take to the skies, you might think planes could not get much bigger — and you would be right. For a given design, it turns (21) , there comes a point where the wings become too heavy to generate (22) lift to carry their own weight. (23) a new way of designing and making materials could (24) that problem. Two engineers (25) University College London have devised an innovative way to customise and control the (26) of a material throughout its three-dimensional structure. In the (27) of a wing, this would make possible a material that is dense, strong and load-bearing at one end, close to the fuselage, (28) the extremities could be made less dense, lighter and more (29) . It is like making bespoke materials, (30) you can customise the physical properties of every cubic millimetre of a structure. The new technique combines existing technologies in a(n) (31) way. It starts by using finite-element-analysis software, of the type commonly used by engineers, (32) a virtual prototype of the object. The software models the stresses and strains that the object will need to (33) throughout its structure. Using this information it is then (34) to calculate the precise forces acting on millions of smaller subsections of the structure. (35) of these subsections is (36) treated as a separate object with its own set of forces acting on it — and each subsection (37) for a different microstructure to absorb those local forces. Designing so many microstructures manually (38) be a huge task, so the researchers apply an optimisation program, called a genetic algorithm, (39) This uses a process of randomization and trial-and-error to search the vast number of possible microstructures to find the most (40) design for each subsection.
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题的考点为动词短语搭配。get around为“避开”之意。其他选项:[A] find找到,[B] discover发现,[C] get over做完;均不符合题意。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题的考点为介词的词义辨析。engineers at University大学工作的工程师。at表示“从事于”。其余选项搭配不当。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题的考点为名词的近义辨析以及上下文搭配。the properties of a material材料的属性。property属性,性质;如:Many plants have medicinal properties.许多植物具有药性。其他选项[B] nature本性,性质;[C] qualities质量,品质;[D] characteristics特征,特性;都不符合题意。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题的考点为名词的近义辨析。the case of a wing机翼的情况。其他选项:[A] sample样品,[C] condition条件状况,[D] situation情形状况;均不合题意。
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题的考点为动词的搭配。call for需要,要求;如:to call for bid招标;The occasion calls for a cool head. 这种场合需要冷静的头脑。其他选项[A] asks for请求,[C] demands和[D] requires为及物动词,与for不能搭配。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题的考点为情态动词。此处用would表示推测,一定会,该是,其他 选项:[A] is to表示安排、计划,[B] should应该,[D] has to不得不;都不符合题意。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题考的是对副词及短语的辨析。根据上下文,此处需要instead代替,顶替;如:If there is no coal, oil can be used instead.如果没有煤,可以用石油来代替。其他选项:[A] in order[B] in place和[C] in spite; 均不合题意。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点解析] 本题的考点是形容词的搭配及对上下文语境的正确理解。the most suitable design最合适的设计。其他选项:[A] perfect完美,[B] complete全部,[D] proper恰当;均不合题意,所以C为正确答案。