【正确答案】 A、C、E

【答案解析】[听力原文]

Professor: When you hear the word famine today, you think of Africa and starving millions in war-tom countries like Sudan and Ethiopia. But a hundred and fifty years ago, Ireland, the Emerald Isle next to England, experienced its own famine. And like today"s story of starvation the reasons for the famine are the same: a sad mix of greed, politics and natural disaster.
Ireland in 1845, the time of the Great Famine, was a country in big change brought on by the industrial revolution and a ballooning population. In the beginning of the 18th century there were some four and a half million Irish. Fifty years, or two generations later, that number had more than doubled. Most of the population were Roman Catholic, poor and worked on small farms owned by their English landlords. There was no birth control back then and families with 10 or 12 children were not uncommon. With so many mouths to feed there was never much food to go around.
It didn"t matter if you lived in the country or in the shadow of factory smokestacks in overcrowded cities like Dublin or Cork. Life was a struggle. Think of the world of Charles Dickens and his poor, workhouse boys, Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, begging for food, willing to do anything to survive.
The main food in Ireland was the white potato, known today as the Irish potato. This wonder crop, which was cheap to grow and plentiful when climatic conditions were right, was one of the reasons there ever was an industrial revolution in Europe. When the Spanish explorers brought the potato from Peru to Europe around 1550, they changed the whole diet of Europe. By 1800, the Irish were totally dependent on the potato as their primary food and cash crop for export. When a fungus infected the potato crop in the fall of 1845, half the harvest was lost. The next year the crop also failed. The poor Irish tenants couldn"t pay their rent or feed their families. They were dying of starvation and disease, and yet their greedy English landlords continued to export Irish grain to England to make bread, and to feed the poor farmers and workers they imported cheap meal from India. In addition to being a foreign and unappetizing basic food, the cheap meal hardly had any nutritional value. The majority of Irish famine victims died from malnutrition diseases such as dysentery, scurvy and cholera, rather than directly from starvation.
The famine is only one of the many nails in the coffin of distrust and dislike that exists between the Irish and the English today. Ireland remains partitioned with Northern Ireland still a part of the United Kingdom, because of religious differences, but also because of such grievous injustices that led to the Great Famine and one of the biggest waves of emigration.
The only choice many Irish had was to either stay on the land and starve or leave. Under the Passenger Act of 1847 more than a million and a half Irish immigrated to Canada and the U.S. They boarded ships for the New World with the promise of 10 cubic feet, the size of a single bed, and a supply of food and water. Most ships" captains didn"t obey the rules and almost half of the passengers died in these coffin ships. They had different skin color from the African slaves, but the same inhumane conditions. Sadly history repeats itself. And it appears famine will be with us as long as men enslave other men and use food as a weapon.

[解析] 由讲座中谈及的Ireland remains partitioned with Northern Ireland...because of religious differences... 可知宗教差异是北爱尔兰和爱尔兰分裂的原因之一；根据讲座，工业革命和爆发大饥荒并没有什么必然联系。

【正确答案】 A、B

【答案解析】[解析] 根据the Irish were totally dependent on the potato as their primary food这句话可以知道土豆是爱尔兰人的主食；根据the cheap meal hardly had any nutritional value可知，进口的印度粗磨粉没有营养；根据Irish Famine victims died from malnutrition disease可知，饥荒中死亡的人大部分死于与营养不良相关的疾病；根据Under the Passenqer Act ...Irish immigrated to Canada and the U.S.可知，《旅客法》使爱尔兰人可以移民；教授说“历史总是在重演”，通过他说的famine will be with us可知他对未来的看法是悲观的。

【答案解析】

	贪婪	政治	自然灾害
英国地主进口廉价的印度粗磨粉来养活工人。	*
爱尔兰人以土豆为主食。		*
因为真菌，土豆的收成下降了。			*
在大饥荒时期，英国地主出口爱尔兰谷物。	*

[解析] 教授在讲座中说道：...greedy English landlords continued to export Irish grain to England to make bread, and to feed the poor farmers and workers they imported cheap meal from India.由“greedy”一词可知英国地主出口谷物和进口粗磨粉都是由其贪欲引起的。也提到This wonder crop, which was cheap to grow and plentiful when climatic conditions were right, was one of the reasons there ever was all industrial revolution in Europe. 通过剖析其深层次含义可知爱尔兰大力推广种植土豆不过是一种别有用心的政治伎俩罢了。由When a fungus infected the potato crop可知土豆歉收是由自然灾害引起的。

【答案解析】

	已许诺的	未提及
每个去新世界的移民在船上将得到一张床大小的空间。	*
每个爱尔兰人都能得到损失庄稼的补偿。		*
那些逃离饥荒的人能选择自己的目的地。		*
那些乘船离开的人被保证有水和食物。	*

[解析] They boarded ships for the New World with the promise of 10 cubic feet, the size of a single bed, and a supply of food and water. 通过捕捉其关键词size of a single bed, food and water可知床铺大小的空间、水和食物都是移民获得许诺了的。