问答题 Dialogues 1)and 2)were produced by an English child aged 2 years and 4 months and her mother. Dialogues 3)and 4)were produced by another English child aged 3 years and 11 months and her mother. I. Describe the language of the two children iexically, syntactically, semantically and pragmatically. II. Discuss the similarity and differences you notice in their language. (C refers to child, and M mother. )
1)C: me want that.
M: you've got a real piano.
C: why?
M: it's upstairs.
C: why? why?
M: what do you mean why?
C: why?
2)C: mewantto readthat.
M: okay. let's read that.
C: read that. wrong side.
M: I think you've got it upside down.
C: look. look her toe.
M: I think they're funny shoes actually. made to look like toes.
C: why?
3)(looking at a picture book)
M: that's an animal called an iguana. don't you like that?
C: coverhe's face.
M: oh why? don't you like it?
C: no he's—
M: he's rather a friendly iguana.
C: what are guanas?
M: Iguanas. It's a sort of lizard—animal—green animal.
4)C: when is Daddy going to come back?
M: quite soon. I think love.
C: at eight o'clock?
M: no. I hope he'll be back at one o'clock.
C: Mummy, he's going to be back at eight o'clock.
M: is he?

【正确答案】From the dialogue 1)and dialogue 2), we can notice some features of child language at the age of about 2.
Lexically, the child misuses me and I. He can use some words (although incorrectly) to name a number of objects, such as "piano" in dialogue 1). And he always repeats the word "why" for several times. Some prepositions are often neglected. such as "look her toe".
Syntactically, the child can produce a number of utterances by using simple words, such as" me want to read that".
Semantically, he can convey some but incomplete message because of his small vocabulary. For example, the repetition of "why" makes the mother confused.
Pragmatically, he can express some. feeling directly, and carry out his communication to some extent. For example, "read that. wrong side. " indicates that he wants his mother to read it and he knows the picture upside down.
As for the child aged 3 years and 11 months. lexically, he can use me and I correctly but still a small vocabulary, and he can use correct inflectional form; syntactically, he can use correct sentence pattern hnd produce relatively longer sentences; semantically, he can express his feeling relatively clearly; pragmatically, he can understand some pragmatic meaning, neither imitating the adult's speech nor accepting the adult's correction.
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查儿童语言的特点。