单选题 In the United States, 30 percent of the adult population has a "weight problem". To many people, the cause is obvious: they eat too much. But scientific evidence does little to support this idea. Going back to the America of the 1910s, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less and didn't watch television.
Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people do not eat more on the average than thinner people. In fact, some investigations, such as the 1979 study of 3 545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer people.
Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University School of Medicine found the following interesting facts:
The more the men ran, the more body fat they lost.
The more they ran, the greater amount of food they ate.
Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.
单选题 The physical problem that many adult Americans have is that______.
  • A. they are too slim
  • B. they work too hard
  • C. they are too fat
  • D. they lose too much body fat
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。本题的答案出现在文章的第一句话里：In the United States，30 per—cent of the adult population has a“weight problem”．题干中的physical problem指身体方面的问题，这是理解的关键。
单选题 According to the article, given 500 adult Americans, ______ people will have a "weight problem".
  • A. 30
  • B. 50
  • C. 100
  • D. 150
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 计算题。根据第一句话提到的30%的美国成人体重超标，做一个简单的乘法就得到了答案。
单选题 Is there any scientific evidence to support that eating too much is the cause of a ______"weight problem"?
  • A. Yes, there is plenty of evidence.
  • B. of course, there is some evidence to show this is true.
  • C. There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.
  • D. We don't know because the information is not given.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。第一段的第二和第三句提到：To many people，the cause is obvi—ous：they eat too much, But scientific evidence does little to support this idea．大多数人认为吃得过多是导致肥胖的原因，但几乎没有科学依据证明这种观点。
单选题 In comparison with the adult American population today, the Americans of the 1910s______.
  • A. ate more food and had more physical activities
  • B. ate less food but had more activities
  • C. ate less food and had less physical exercise
  • D. had more weight problems
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。由文中的Going back to the America of the 1910s，we find that peo—pie were thinner than today，yet they ate more food．In those days people worked harder physically…可知答案为A。worked harder physically相当于题干中的had more physical activities。
单选题 Modern scientific researches have reported to us that______.
  • A. fat people eat less food and are less active
  • B. fat people eat more food than slim people and are more active
  • C. fat people eat more food than slim people but are less active
  • D. thin people run less, but have greater increase in food intake
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 概括题。此题概括了后两段的内容。根据第二段最后一句：on balance，fat people eat less than slimmer people．和第三段第一句：Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people．可以得出正确答案。