单选题 Fishing adds only about one percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute extremely to human survival. Marine fisheries contribute more to the world's supply of protein than beef, poultry or any other animal source.
Fishing typically does not need land ownership, and because it remains, generally, open to all, it is often the employer of last resort in the developing world—an occupation when there are no other choices. Worldwide, about 200 million people rely on fishing for their livelihoods. Within Southeast Asia alone, over five million people fish full-time. In northern Chile forty percent of the population lives off the ocean. In Newfoundland most employment came from fishing or servicing that industry—until the collapse of the cod fisheries in the early 1990s that left tens of thousands of people out of work.
Though debates over the conservation of natural resources are often cast as a conflict between jobs and the environment, the restoration of fish populations would in fact boost employment. Michael P. Sissenwine and Andrew A. Rosenberg of the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service have estimated that if depleted species were allowed to rebuild to their long-term potential, their sustainable use would add about $8 billion to the U.S. gross domestic product—and provide about 300,000 jobs. If fish populations were restored and properly managed, about twenty million metric tons could be added to the world's annual catch. But restoration of ecological balance, fiscal profitability (收益) and economic security will require a continual reduction in the capacity of the commercial fishing industry so that wild populations can recover.
The necessary reductions in fishing workforce need not come at the expense of jobs. Governments could increase employment and reduce the pressure on fish populations by guiding subsidies away from highly mechanised ships. For each $1,000,000 of investment, industrial-scale fishing operations require only one to five people, while small-scale fisheries would employ between 60 and 3,000. Industrial fishing itself threatens tens of millions of fishermen working on a small scale by depleting the fish on which they depend for subsistence.

单选题 The animal source which provides the most protein for human being is ______.

A. beef
B. fish
C. pork
D. chicken

单选题 Paragraph 2 indicates that ______.

A. most of man's employment is from fishing
B. man can always turn to fishing for employment
C. forty percent of Chileans live on fishing boats or ships
D. fishing has been the biggest industry in Newfoundland

单选题 In the conflict between jobs and the environment, the author takes sides with those who are in favour of ______.

A. increasing the annual catch
B. creating more jobs
C. getting greater fiscal profitability
D. conserving natural resources

单选题 The balance between jobs and the environment can be kept if ______.

A. fishing capacity is further increased
B. fishing jobs are further increased
C. fewer well-equipped fishing ships are used
D. fewer species are allowed to rebuild

单选题 The passage suggests that making less use of modern technology may ______.

A. reduce pressure on fish populations
B. threaten the world's annual catch
C. increase government's investment
D. cost tens of thousands of fishermen's jobs