复合题  Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C., and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet

Passage One

A is for always getting to work on time. 

B is for being extremely busy. 

C is for the conscientious（勤勤恳恳的） way you do your job. 

You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics. 

Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable—or unwilling—to “play the game.” 

“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative（工于心计的） behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.” 

In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well. 

“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.”

Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery（奉承） , fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion. 

单选题  “Office politics” (Para. 4) is used in the passage to refer to _____.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】根据第七段第一句专家给出的定义“...experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment”可知， 办公室政治涉及交往形式， 是指一种人际关系， 因此本题答案选C。
单选题 To get promoted, one must not only be competent but _____.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】根据第八段第二句“But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.”可知， 升职除了看重能力以外， 还要老板喜欢， 因此本题答案选A。
单选题 Why are many people unwilling to “play the game” (Para. 5)?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】根据第五段最后一句可知“play the game”指的是“office politics”。 根据第三段第一行“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative behavior”和第六段第三行“Still others associate politics with flattery”可知， 人们对“office politics”存在错误的理解， 认为办公室政治是功于心计的， 是阿谀奉承的。 unprincipled无原则的； 不道德的。 因此本题答案选B。
单选题 The author considers office politics to be _____.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】根据第一段第一句“But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.”可知， 想要升职， 办公室政治是必要的， 因此本题答案选D。
单选题 It is the author’s view that _____.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】根据第一段第一句可推断出， 升职并不代表要去奉承， 和办公室政治不同， 因此本题正确答案选B。