单选题
In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the
1
half of the 19th century; most of
2
were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day nursery movement received great
3
during the First World War, when
4
of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented (前所未有) numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established
5
in munitions (军火) plants, under direct government sponsorship.
6
the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose
7
, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War,
8
, federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control
9
the day nurseries, chiefly by
10
them.
The
11
of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were
12
called up on to replace men in the factories. On this
13
the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools,
14
$6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities
15
this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100, 000 children were being cared
16
in daycare centers receiving Federal
17
. Soon afterward, the Federal government
18
cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later
19
them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their
20
at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[考点] 语义以及词类的综合考查(latter“后者的，近来的”；late“晚的，迟的”；other“其他的”；first“第一的，首先的”)
[解析] 四个选项都是形容词，但是这里有固定搭配，即in the late of(在……后期)，所以答案选B。类似的固定搭配还有in the early of(在……早期)，at the beginning/start of(在……的开始)。
【答案解析】[考点] 介词根意的综合考查(over“在……之上”；in“在……里面”；at“在……”；about“关于”)
[解析] 这里没有固定搭配，所以考查的是介词的基本意义，四个选项分别代入后可知in the day nurseries(在日间托儿所里)比较符合语境，所以答案为B。这里切忌与固定短语have control over sth.(控制)混淆。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[考点] 语义以及词类的综合考查(formulate“形成”；label“标志”；patent“获得专利”；license“颁发执照”)
[解析] 四个选项词都是名词，且与potential都可以搭配，因而需要将四个选项分别代入后利用语境解题，代入后可知threat比较符合语境，因为storm surges和prolonged hot weather对城市居民会构成威胁，所以答案为A。
【答案解析】[考点] 语义以及词类的综合考查(circumstance“环境，情况”；occasion“时机，场合”；case“情况”；situation“情形，状况”)
[解析] 选项四个词都是名词，但是这里有固定搭配on the occasion(在那时，值此之际)，所以答案为B。其他三个选项的搭配分别为in/under the circumstance(在……情况下)，in the case(在……情况下)，in case(以防，万一)；in the situation(在……情况下)。