阅读理解 Turn on the TV or scroll through Instagram, and it's not difficult to find a sea of blond politicians, news commentators, celebrities, and social-media influencers. Beyonce, Ariana Grande, Kim Kardash-ian, and Justin Bieber have all, at some point, traded their dark locks for golden hues. Hillary Clinton, the first woman to get a presidential nomination from a major political party, colored her hair blond. And in the administration of Donald Trump alone, there's the president himself, Ivanka Trump, Kellyanne Conway, Kirstjen Nielsen, Betsy DeVos, and Linda McMahon—even Hope Hicks highlighted her brunette hair when she served as communications director.
Why, exactly, is blond hair so popular in America? The poet Claudia Rankine, the author of Citizen: An American Lyric (2014) , and the photographer and filmmaker John Lucas were first inspired to explore the prevalence of blond hair—dyed-blond hair, in particular—in the months leading up to the 2016 presidential election.
" The minute I started looking, it was interesting to see how much blondness there was," Rankine tells me, pointing to Clinton and Trump as examples. " It seemed that everyone from Asian men to white women were dyeing their hair. " Armed with an iPhone and a voice recorder, Rankine and Lucas spent two years photographing and interviewing around 100 people with dyed-blond hair wherever they were— London and New York, the Republican National Convention and Afropunk, restaurants and museums.
But naturally fair hair is uncommon: An estimated 2 percent of the world's population—and 5 percent of white Americans—is actually towheaded. Blond hair is the result of a genetic mutation typically associated with northern Europeans, but it has also been seen in a small percentage of Aboriginal Australians, northern Africans, and Asians.
Still, people across continents have been coloring their hair for centuries with products like lemon juice, hydrogen peroxide, and henna. The Golden Age actress Jean Harlow, the original " platinum blond" starlet of the '30s, went so far as to use bleach, peroxide, ammonia, and Lux soap flakes to achieve her shade. And by 1956, when Clairol released its first at-home hair-coloring kit that could " lighten, tint, condition, and shampoo hair in one step," blond hair became accessible to the American masses.
单选题 31.The underlined part "traded their dark locks for golden hues" most probably means that______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】语义理解题。根据题干定位到第一段。这个词组中有一个关键词trade…with…即“以……交换……”,理解了这个词组之后,其他的生词应该就不会影响理解了,而且本段后面也有提示:Hillary Clinton,…,colored her hair blond,这个词组的意思就是“用黑发换来了金发”,即把黑发染成金色,应该选择[D]。
单选题 32.Why is blond hair so popular in America according to the passage?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段及之后的段落。仔细阅读第二段之后的内容会发现,文章并没有给出一个答案,[A],[B]和[C]都不正确,只是一种猜测,因此应该选择[D]。
单选题 33.Who did Rankine and Lucas interview?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】细节题。根据题干中的关键词Rankine and Lucas和选项定位到第三段。这两个人的采访对象,第三段中说的很清楚,就是大约一百个人,来自世界各地,所以应该选择[C]。[A],[B]和[D]都是断章取义,不是采访对象,所以错误。
单选题 34.How many people are naturally blond in the world?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】细节题。根据题干可以定位到第四段。注意题干问的是全世界有多少人是金发,而不是美国,所以不可以选择[B]。[C]其实指的是有一小部分澳洲、北非和亚洲人也是金发,因此错误。文中给出了准确数字,所以[D]也不正确,答案应该选择[A]。
单选题 35.Which of the following is NOT the method people used to dye their hairs?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到最后一段。最后一段中提到了很多染发的方法,[B],[C],[D]都是文章中的原句,因此都是正确的。[A]“用黑发交换金发”是用修辞手法表示人们染了头发,但是没有提到方法,因此不属于染发的方法,应该选择[A]。