The mid-and-late 19th century is generally known as the Victorian age, controlled by the rule of Queen Victoria. This is a period of dramatic change that led England to the summit of development as a powerful nation. The rising bourgeoisie were getting political importance as well as wealth. England became the world"s workshop and London the world"s bank. London became the center of Western civilization. Literacy increased as the masses started to be educated and started to think for themselves. This stage has got ready for the coming of the Golden Age of the English novel.
问答题
How do people usually pick up a language?
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Through exposure to it.[解析] (根据第一段第四句For the moment we may characterize it as the process by which individuals "pick up" a language through exposure to it.，可知个人学习语言的方式是通过接触语言环境。)
问答题
According to Chomsky, what enables a very young child to learn the mother tongue quickly and successfully?
【正确答案】
【答案解析】The language acquisition device (LAD) in their head.[解析] (根据第二段The big question is...the individual has a machine in the head, an LAD (language Acquisition Device), that does the job for them.，可知小孩子能快速并成功地学会母语的原因是头脑中有语言习得装置。)
问答题
What do Newmark and Reibel say about L1 acquisition?
【正确答案】
【答案解析】It is the quickest and most successful instance of language mastery that we know of.[解析] (根据第三段第二句Newmark and Reibel make the point that L1 acquisition is the quickest and most successful instance of language mastery that we know of. 可知，纽马克和瑞贝尔认为第一语言习得是目前所知最快、最成功的语言习得范例。)
问答题
What is the main distinction between language acquisition and language learning?
【正确答案】
【答案解析】The process of the former is natural and subconscious while the process of the latter is conscious.[解析] (第四段第三句Acquisition first: he describes this process as a "natural", subconscious one, where there is no "conscious focusing on linguistic forms" (of the sort that you find in most classrooms). 指出了语言习得的特点。最后一段第一句Learning, on the other hand, is a conscious process, and it usually takes place in the language classroom. 指出了语言学习的特点。)
问答题
What are the two characteristics of learning according to Stephen Krashen?
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Error correction and rule isolation.[解析] (最后一段明确说明了语言学习的两个特点，一是老师在课堂上会纠正学生的语言错误，二是会学习语言使用的规则。)
问答题
Plenty of drivers complain about rush hour traffic, but some have more to complain about than others. Bangkok has the worst evening rush hour traffic in the world for a second consecutive year, according to a GPS manufacturer. Traffic expert Nick Cohn said that Thailand—and many other big cities at the top of the congestion ranking—have become victims of their own success. Growing economies and surging populations translate into more traffic and commuters. Mexico City, with the second worst evening rush hour traffic, has an extensive subway system but it doesn"t extend out to where all the population growth is happening.
【正确答案】
【答案解析】许多司机都抱怨上下班高峰时的交通拥堵，但是有些地方的司机怨声会更大。一家全球定位系统生产商称，曼谷连续第二年成为全球晚高峰堵车最严重的城市。交通专家尼克·科恩说，泰国和很多其他在拥堵榜上排名靠前的大城市已成为自身成功的受害者。增长的经济和扩张的人口意味着更多的车辆和通勤者。墨西哥城晚高峰拥堵排名第二，虽然它有广泛分布的地铁系统，但是却没有覆盖到所有人口增长的地区。
【正确答案】
【答案解析】At least two schools in England have introduced the equipment for constant recording with the consent of local education authorities.[解析] (引进introduce。)
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Teachers are advised to turn on the camera during incidents in the classroom to tackle "constant low-level disruption", but must give notice before doing so.[解析] (被建议be advised to。处理tackle/deal with/address。)
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Footage could also be shared with parents so they will know their children"s behavior.[解析] (影像资料footage。)
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Over one in 10 believe bodycams will be made mandatory sooner or later in UK schools, The Times poll found.[解析] (民意调查poll。早晚sooner or later。)
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Of the 37.7 percent in favor, some 31.6 percent said they were motivated by teacher and student safety.[解析] (出于对……的考虑considering...。这里参考译文用be motivated by是一种意译，表示“被……激发，驱使”。)
问答题
Select two words that are synonyms, plus an antonym of these two synonyms, from the list of words below.
choke, force, thrive, toil, wither, burgeon, strive
choke, force, thrive, toil, wither, burgeon, strive
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Synonyms: thrive, burgeon
Antonym: wither [解析] (thrive、burgeon都表示兴旺发达、蓬勃发展。wither表示枯萎；衰落。)
Antonym: wither [解析] (thrive、burgeon都表示兴旺发达、蓬勃发展。wither表示枯萎；衰落。)
问答题
Change the position of four words only in the sentence below in order for it to make complete sense.
Soil rises from the materials of the maple tree in the form of crude sap, a solution of sap that is absorbed from root.
Soil rises from the materials of the maple tree in the form of crude sap, a solution of sap that is absorbed from root.
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Sap rises from the root of the maple tree in the form of crude sap, a solution of material that is absorbed from soil.[解析] (枫树汁液以粗汁液的形式从枫树根部生成，是枫树从土壤中吸收出的。)
问答题
Which two numbers should replace the question marks below?
19, 20, 21, ?, ?, 26, 28, 32, 33, 40
19, 20, 21, ?, ?, 26, 28, 32, 33, 40
【正确答案】
【答案解析】22 and 24[解析] (奇数位置上的数字以19开始，+2，+3，+4，+5形成一个数列。偶数位置上的数字以20开始，+2，+4，+6，+8形成另一数列。)
问答题
Answer the question below
What tree is always very sad?
What tree is always very sad?
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Weeping willow: Weep means cry, so the willow is "sad".[解析] (weeping willow是“垂柳”的意思，而weep本意为“流泪、哭泣”。所以垂柳是悲伤的。)
单选题
Which two squares are missing?
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 每行最后一个图形是前两个图形组合而成的，且第二行的图形与第一行的图形成轴对称。
问答题
The charts show the growth of small engine sedans and SUVs in China from 2015 to 2020 as well as Chinese light vehicle engine types in both 2015 and 2020. Summarize the information and report the main features, and make comparisons where necessary.
Chinese light vehicle engine types 2015
Chinese light vehicle engine types 2020
【正确答案】
【答案解析】In general, both small engine sedans and SUVs in China increase consecutively from 2015 to 2020. But there are more small engine sedans than SUVs in China. In 2015, Chinese light vehicle engines of higher engine displacement. (1.4litre, 1.5litre and 1.6litre) account for more than half of the light vehicle engines in China and those of lower engine displacement make up 10%. In 2020, the percentage of light engines of higher engine displacement decreases to 42% while that of light engines of lower engine displacement rises to 27%. This demonstrates that China is making efforts to reduce the number of light vehicles of higher engine displacement.
问答题
Write on the following topic.
It"s while you are patiently toiling at the little tasks of life that the meaning and shape of great whole of life dawn on you.—P. Brooks
Read the above sentence. How do you understand it? Write an essay of no less than 160 words on the answer sheet to express your personal views.
It"s while you are patiently toiling at the little tasks of life that the meaning and shape of great whole of life dawn on you.—P. Brooks
Read the above sentence. How do you understand it? Write an essay of no less than 160 words on the answer sheet to express your personal views.
【正确答案】
【答案解析】"It"s while you are patiently toiling at the little tasks of life that the meaning and shape of great whole of life dawn on you." P. Brooks once said. In my view, it means that you will get to know the purpose and meaning of your life in the process of experiencing little things.
My experience of working in a fast food restaurant can be an instance. Once in a summer vacation, I worked in a fast food restaurant for about one month. From then on, I didn"t want to do a part-time job as a waiter anymore. I had to stand for nine or ten hours consecutively for a whole day, serving different customers with different temper. Despite the toil, the salary is low and I had to endure the abuse of rude customers. Jobs that demand low level of education and qualification are always tiring and frustrating. So from then on, I realized the importance of education and good academic ground. I know that I must improve my skills related to my major so that I can find a decent and highly-paid job in the future.
My experience of working in a fast food restaurant can be an instance. Once in a summer vacation, I worked in a fast food restaurant for about one month. From then on, I didn"t want to do a part-time job as a waiter anymore. I had to stand for nine or ten hours consecutively for a whole day, serving different customers with different temper. Despite the toil, the salary is low and I had to endure the abuse of rude customers. Jobs that demand low level of education and qualification are always tiring and frustrating. So from then on, I realized the importance of education and good academic ground. I know that I must improve my skills related to my major so that I can find a decent and highly-paid job in the future.