阅读理解 Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, but people now live longer than they used to. Yet, all (47)________ things still show the effect of aging, which will eventually result in death, the body and the (48)________ they form do not function as well as they did in childhood and adolescence (青春期)- The body provides less (49)________ against disease and is more prone (易于……的) to accident. A number of related causes may (50)________ to aging. Some cells of the body have a (51)________ long life, but they are not (52)________ when they die. As a person ages, number of brain cells and muscle cells decreases. Other body cells did and are replaced by new cells. In an aging person the (53)________ cells may not be as viable(能生存的) or as capable of growth as those of a young person. Another factor in aging may be changes within the cells (54)________. Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known to change with age and become less elastic. This is why the skin of old people wrinkles and hangs loose. This is also the reason old people shrink in (55)________ There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals. Such as DNA and RNA, store and pass on information that the cells need. Aging may (56)________ this process and change the information carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well. WORD BANK A. brains B. contribute C. replaced D. high E. living F. protection G. fairly H. new I. itself J. affect K. lively L. organs M. rearranged N. themselves O. height
【正确答案】 E
【答案解析】这里需要形容词修饰thing,可从文章前一句从历史看来人类不得不接受生命体的死亡,可见讲的主要是关于生命体的内容,living things表达生命体,符合句意。
【正确答案】 B、L
【答案解析】根据句意,身体的细胞及细胞形成的器官不再像少年或青春期那样能很好地工作,选项中只有L项符合句意,organ器官。
【正确答案】 F
【答案解析】后半句讲的是人更容易生病,可知前半句为身体不再那样能够抵御疾病,既然前面用provide动词,所以只有protection与之搭配。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】这里要使用动词与to构成词组,根据句意很多原因可致使衰老,contribute to有助于,促成,所以选B。
【正确答案】 G
【答案解析】这里由副词修饰名词,fairly应为正确选项。句意为:身体的一些细胞有相当长的生命力。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】在选项中M和C项均为动词被动时态,从语法角度讲都是对的。replace“替代”,rearrange“重新安排”,相比较replace比rearrange更符合句意。句意为“但是,当它们死亡时却没有被新的细胞所替换”。
【正确答案】 H
【答案解析】由文章内容理解人手。上一句谈到其身体细胞死亡后,新的细胞再生,此句承接上句,比较年老的人与年轻人新细胞功能的强弱,所以选new为正确选项。
【正确答案】 D、N
【答案解析】这里是the cells的同位语,因为cells为复数,所以应填themselves。itself不符合。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】句子讲到人老皮肤会松弛,个子也会缩小。in在此处为介词,介词后面接名词,构成介宾结构。height正好符合这种结构,in height指“在身高方面”。
【正确答案】 J
【答案解析】主要从句子意思着手,affect是及物动词,意为影响,指直接影响某人或某物,在这里句子应译为年龄可能会影响这个过程……,所以J为正确答案。