单选题 {{B}}Passage Four{{/B}}
An Ohio State University study has linked behavior in young children with the type of job their mother has. Mothers with complex occupations that are self-directed and require working with other people tended to have offspring with relatively low levels of behavior problems. The opposite held true when the jobs were routine, closely supervised, and dealt with things, rather than people.
"A job that challenges and interests a mother and gives her an opportunity to exercise judgment and solve problems clearly has positive consequences for her children's behavior," indicates associate professor of sociology Elizabeth Menaghan. Occupations with more positive conditions include management, sales, and teaching positions. Jobs that may be related to increased child behavior problems include book-keeping, food service, and assembly line positions.
Women who are supervised closely at work and made to follow strict orders may be more likely to use this same style in raising their kids. They may emphasize obedience to parental authority and the potential for physical punishment. "We believe that the choice of such a parenting style may increase the frequency of behavior problems in children." On the other hand, mothers whose jobs are less controlled by supervisors and who must work closely with other people probably rely less on physical punishment, instead encouraging children to think about consequences of their actions and take responsibility for their behavior. Such an approach encourages youngsters to follow parental demands even when they aren't being supervised because they have accepted parental values as their own. Moreover, mothers whose jobs don't involve constant supervision "develop problem-solving skills that they can bring to other parts of their life".
The research also found that those who have more challenging and interesting jobs provide better home environments for their children. The mothers give their offspring more intellectual stimulation and emotional support, and this, in turn, is linked to fewer behavior problems.
单选题 What is the main idea of this passage?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】这是一篇议论文，谈论母亲所持有的工作对其孩子的影响并由此进行了论述，提供了论证结果。 这是一道中心思想归纳题。文中第一句为全文的中心句，An Ohio state university study has linked behavior in young children with the type of job their mother has．即“俄亥俄州大学的一项研究将青少年的行为与他们母亲从事的职业联系起来”。故选择B项。
单选题 If a mother is a teacher, her child will have ______ levels of behavior problems.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】这是一道语篇理解题。文中第二段讲到“如果母亲从事诸如管理、营销、教师之类的职业，会对孩子产生正面影响”。故选择A项。
单选题 It can be inferred from the passage, if a mother works as book-keeper, she will have ______ consequences for her children's behavior.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】这是一道语篇理解题。文中第二段最后一句提到“如果母亲从事诸如保存书籍、饮食服务或相似的职业，孩子在成长的过程中往往会出现更多的问题”。故选择B项为正确答案。
单选题 Which of the following statements is true based on the above passage?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】这是一道逻辑推断题。从文章最后一段第一句The research also found that who have more challenging and interesting jobs provide better home environment for their children．即“据调查发现从事具有挑战性和趣味性较强工作的人员会为孩子提供较好的家庭氛围”。故选择C项。