应用题 1.  请使用VC6或使用[答题]菜单打开考生文件夹proj2下的工程proj2,其中定义了vehicle类,并派生出motorcar类和bicycle类。然后以motorcar和bicycle作为基类,再派生出motorcycle类。要求将vehicle作为虚基类,避免二义性问题。请在程序中的横线处填写适当的代码并删除横线,以实现上述类定义。此程序的正确输出结果应为:
    80
    150
    100
    1
    注意:只能在横线处填写适当的代码,不要改动程序中的其他内容,也不要删除或移动“//****found****”。
    #include<iostream. h>
    class vehicle
    {
    private:
    int MaxSpeed;
    int Weight;
    public:
    //**********found**********
    vehicle(int maxspeed, int weight):______
    ~vehicle() {};
    int getMaxSpeed() {return MaxSpeed;}
    int getWeight() {return Weight;}
    };
    //**********found**********
    class bicycle:______public vehicle
    {
    private:
    int Height;
    public:
    bicycle(int maxspeed, int weight, int height): vehicle(maxspeed, weight), Height(height) {}
    int getHeight() {return Height;};
    };
    //**********found**********
    class motorcar:______public vehicle
    {
    private:
    int SeatNum;
    public:
    motorcar(int maxspeed, int weight, int seatnum): vehicle(maxspeed, weight), SeatNum(seatnum) {}
    int getSeatNum() {return SeatNum;};
    };
    //**********found**********
    class motorcycle:______
    {
    public:
    motorcycle(int maxspeed, int weight, int height): vehicle(maxspeed, weight), bicycle(maxspeed, weight, height), motorcar(maxspeed, weight, 1) {}
    };
    void main()
    {
    motorcycle a(80, 150, 100);
    cout<<a. getMaxSpeed()<<endl;
    cout<<a. getWeight()<<endl;
    cout<<a. getHeight()<<endl;
    cout<<a. getSeatNum()<<endl;
    }
【正确答案】(1)MaxSpeed(maxspeed), Weight(weight) {};
   (2)virtual
   (3)virtual
   (4)public: bicycle, public motorcar
【答案解析】[考点] 本题考查vehicle类及其派生类motorcar和bicycle,再由这两类派生出motorcycle类,其中涉及构造函数、成员函数和析构函数。构造函数采用成员初始化列表来完成对私有成员的初始化,派生类的书写要注意关键字。
   (1)主要考查考生对构造函数的掌握,构造函数使用初始化列表来对私有成员MaxSpeed和Weight初始化。
   (2)主要考查考生对派生类的掌握,题目要求将vehicle作为虚基类,避免二义性问题。因此在这里添加virtual使vehicle成为虚基类。
   (3)主要考查考生对派生类的掌握,题目要求以motorcar和bicycle作为基类,再派生出motorcycle类。在主函数中可以看到motorcycle类的实例a调用getHeight函数和getSeatNum函数,由此可知这两个基类都是公有继承,因此得出语句:public bicycle, public motorcar。
   虚基类继承时要添加关键字virtual,以避免二义性。