填空题 Translate the following passages into Chinese.(四川大学2010研,考试科目:基础英语)Marx discovered the law of development of human history: the simple tact, hitherto concealed by an overgrowth of ideology, that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing, before it can pursue politics, science, art, religion, etc. : that therefore the production of the immediate material means of subsistence and consequently the degree of economic development attained by a given people or during a given epoch form the foundation upon which the state institutions, the legal conceptions, art, and even the ideas on religion, of the people concerned have been evolved, and in the light of which they must, therefore, be explained, instead of vice versa, as had hitherto been the case.
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【正确答案】 1、正确答案: 马克思发现了人类历史发展的规律,即历来被繁芜丛杂的意识形态所掩盖的一个简单事实,即人必须先有吃的、有喝的、有房住、有衣穿,才能从事政治、科学、艺术、宗教等活动;因此,直接的物质生活资料的生产力和一个民族或一个时代的经济发展阶段便构成了基础,与人类息息相关的国家制度、法律概念、艺术甚至宗教观念就是在此基础上发展起来的,因此,它们也必须由这个基础来解释,而不是像过去那样做得恰好相反。    
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