单选题
What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion? It means that we live (21) competing interests. Your roommate's need to study for an exam may take (22) over pizza. Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your grade. And the (23) of your romantic interest may have other options. In such a world, persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and (24) consideration to our point of view. When we persuade, we want to influence (25) others believe and behave. We may not always prevail—other points of view may be more persuasive, (26) on the listener, the situation, and the merits of the case. But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to (27) that our position receives the attention it deserves. Some people, however, (28) to the very idea of persuasion. They may regard it as an unwelcome intrusion (29) their lives or as a manipulation or domination. (30) , we believe that persuasion is (31) —to live is to persuade. Persuasion may be ethical or unethical, selfless or selfish, (32) or degrading. Persuaders may enlighten our minds or (33) on our vulnerability. Ethical persuasion, however, calls (34) sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners. Such persuasion can help us (35) the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. (36) , an essential part of education is learning to (37) the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practise the other. (38) its personal importance to us, persuasion is essential to society. The (39) to persuade and be persuaded is the foundation of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment (40) the Constitution.
【答案解析】本题考查固定搭配辨析。空格所在的句子是在对两种需求进行对比,意在表达“你的室友温习功课准备考试的需求优先于他对比萨饼的需求”,四个选项中A take priority over“享有优先权”,最符合句意,故为正确选项。其他搭配用法为:take advantage of“利用时机”,常用人作主语;take control of“控制”;take the place of“替代”。
单选题
A. objection B. projection C. project D. object
单选题
A. living B. depending C. resting D. insisting
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】本题考查动词辨析。四个选项都可以跟后文的on搭配:A living on“靠……生活”;B depending on“依赖于;根据”;C resting on“依靠”;D insisting on“坚持”。而前文讲我们的观点也许不如别人的更具说服力,后文给出不同的情形可知B项最符合文意,为正确选项。
单选题
A. ensure B. assure C. insure D. reassure
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】本题考查动词辨析。结合上下文可知该句想要表达的含义为“人们劝说他人时,要努力确保自己的观点得到应有的关注”,根据空格后面的that可知应填入的词必须能够引导宾语从句,而符合这一要求的只有ensure,意为“保证,担保”。B assure“向……保证;使确信”,常用作assure sb. that或者assure sb. of sth.;C insure“给……保险”,常用作insure sth.;D reassure“向……再保证;使消除疑虑”,常用作reassure sb. that。
单选题
A. In contrast B. In particular C. For instance D. As a result
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】本题考查短语辨析。本文作者对劝说持肯定态度,在提及一些人的反对观点后,作者进一步强调自己对劝说的看法,因此正确答案为A。B In particular用于特别列举说明;C Forinstance用于一般举例;D As a result用于给出结果。
单选题
A. prominent B. invariable C. evident D. inevitable
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】本题考查形容词辨析。A prominent“突出的,显著的”;B invariable“恒定不变的”;C evident“明显的”;D inevitable“不可避免的”。根据本文首句以及后文to live is to persuade,可知“劝说”在我们生活中是不可或缺的,四个选项中D最符合文意,为正确选项。
单选题
A. embarrassing B. inspiring C. upgrading D. innovating
【答案解析】本题考查动词辨析。四个选项都可以与on搭配:A prey on“捕食;掠夺”;B rest on“依靠”;C put on“装出;上演”;D fall on“袭击,轮到”。根据or前后相对的含义,前半句讲,劝说者或许开启我们的心智,后面与之相对则要选A prey。prey on our vulnerability意为“抓住我们的弱点”。其他选项不符合文意。