1问答题本题使用使用柯布—道格拉斯生产函数与相应的意愿资本存量，给定为K * =g(rc，y)=θy/rc。假定θ=0.3，y=5万亿美元，rc=0.12。 (1)计算合意资本存量K * 。 (2)现在假定y顸期将上涨到6万亿美元，相应的合意资本存量是什呢? (3)假如预期收入变动之前，资本存量处于合意水平。再假设在投资逐步调整模型中，λ=0.4。在预期收入变动之后，在第一年的投资率会是什么?第二年呢? (4)你对(3)的回答涉及的是总投资，还是净投资呢?

2问答题托宾的q理论

3单选题Current Group, a Germantown-based technology firm, has taken over an ordinary looking house in Bethesda and turned it into a laboratory for smart-grid technology, the system the company believes will bring the nation's electricity grids into the digital age. In the front yard stands a utility pole hooked up to a special transformer that connects the power lines to high-speed Internet. Hundreds of sensors attached to the lines monitor how power flows through the home. That information is then sent back to the utility company. The process lets a utility more efficiently manage the distribution of electricity by allowing two-way communication between consumers and energy suppliers via the broadband network on the power lines. Based on data they receive from hundreds of homes, utilities can monitor usage and adjust output and pricing in response to demand. Consumers can be rewarded with reduced rates by cutting back on consumption during peak periods. And computerized substations can talk to each other so overloaded circuits hand off electricity to those that have not fully loaded, helping to prevent blackouts. Some utility companies have launched initiatives to give consumers data about their energy consumption habits in an effort to lower energy bills. Smart-grid technology takes such programs further by automating electricity distribution, which would make grids more reliable and efficient. By partnering with utilities, the company hopes to tap into $4.5 billion in stimulus grants intended to encourage smart-grid development. When he announced the funding, President Obama pointed to a project in Boulder, Colo. , as an example of a successful smart-grid experiment. Current is one of the companies working on the project. Current's chief executive Tom Casey believes the technology will help utility companies better distribute electricity produced by renewable resources, such as solar panels or wind farms. " A smart grid's system can be paired up with the renewable resources so that when the renewable source is varying, the overall load can be varied as well, " Casey told the House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming. " This will reduce or eliminate the need for backup coal or gas-based power generation plants. /

4问答题假设在完全竞争市场中，某企业的生产函数是Q=AK α L 1-α ，产量Q=100，α=0.3，资本的租金率R=0.1，企业产品价格P=1。 (1)计算最优资本存量； (2)假设Q预期上升到120，最优资本存量是多少? (3)假设最优资本存量在5年内保持不变，现有的资本存量为100，企业会逐步调整资本存量使其接近于最优值，设λ=0.3。第1年的投资量是多少?第二年的资本存量是多少?

5问答题永久收入假说

6问答题资本存量

7问答题广义货币

8问答题设某消费者的跨期效用函数为，式中C1，C2分别为本期与次期的消费水平；若其本期与次期的收入分别为Y1=1000，Y2=648，而市场利率水平为8%，请问该消费者最大效用的消费量(C1，C2)为多少?

9问答题企业固定投资

10问答题一个人的生命期分为工作期和退休期，工作期内此人的收入为Y，退休期无任何收入，利率为r，其他条件不变，工作期消费是退休期消费的两倍。 (1)假设此人工作期间收入为100万元，利率为50%，请问个人储蓄是多少?工作期的消费和退休期的消费分别是多少? (2)假如退休后社会保障系统给此人支付25%收入的转移支付，请问个人储蓄是多少?工作期的消费和退休期的消费分别是多少? (3)假如工作收入Y上升到200万元，请问个人储蓄和每期消费是多少? (4)假如利率r上升，请问个人储蓄如何变化?

11问答题存货投资

12问答题假定一国70%的人口，作为流动性约束和按照传统消费模型进行消费的结果，从而在每一时期，都消费其可支配收入中既定的一小部分。其余30%的人口则按照LC-PIH行事。 (1)如果传统模型的MPC为0.8，可支配收入的变动为1000万美元(可以假定这项变动完全是由于暂时性收入的变化带来的)，那么，消费的变化会是多少? (2)如果70%的人口按照LC-PIH行事，而30%按传统模型行事，将会怎样? (3)如果100%的人口按照LC-PIH行事，又将如何呢?

13问答题某商业银行体系共持有准备金300亿元，公众持有的通货数量为100亿元，中央银行对活期存款和非个人定期存款规定的法定准备率分别为15%和10%，据测算，流通中现金漏损率(现金/活期存款)为25%，商品银行的超额准备率为5%。非个人定期存款比率为50%。试求： (1)活期存款乘数： (2)货币乘数(指狭义货币M 1 )； (3)狭义货币供应量M 1 。

14问答题货币需求函数

15问答题消费者的效用函数是，在第1期和第2期的收入分别为m1=100元和m2=180元，利率为r，求：(1)第1期和第2期的最优消费分别是多少?(2)r分别取什么值时，该消费者在第1期将借入、借出，或者既不借入也不借出?(3)当利率r变化时，会对第1期和第2期消费有何影响?

16问答题永久性收入

17问答题凯恩斯和弗里德曼都发现了货币流通速度的顺周期规律：经济进入繁荣期，货币流通速度高；经济衰退时，货币流通流通速度低，请用理性经济人的理论来解释这一现象。

18单选题Drug use is rising dramatically among the nation' s youth after a decade of decline. From 1993 to 1994, marijuana use among young people (1) from 12 to 17 jumped 50 percent. One in five high school seniors (2) marijuana daily. Monitoring the Future, which (3) student drug use annually, reports that negative attitudes about drugs have declined for the fourth year in a row. (4) young people see great risk in using drugs. Mood-altering pharmaceutical drugs are (5) new popularity among young people. Ritalin, (6) as a diet pill in the 1970s and now used to (7) hyperactive children, has become a (8) drug on college campuses. A central nervous system (9) , Ritalin can cause strokes, hypertension, and seizures. Rohypnol, produced in Europe as a (10) tranquilizer, lowers inhibitions and suppresses short-term memory, which has led to some women being raped by men they are going out with. (11) taken with alcohol, its effects are greatly (12) . Rock singer Kurt Cobain collapsed from an (13) of Rohypnol and champagne a month before he committed (14) in 1994. In Florida and Texas, Rohypnol has become widely abused among teens, who see the drug as a less expensive (15) for marijuana and LSD. Alcohol and tobacco use is increasing among teenagers, (16) younger adolescents. Each year, more than one million teens become regular smokers, (17) they cannot legally purchase tobacco. By 12th grade, one in three students smokes. In 1995, one in five 14-year-olds reported smoking regularly, a 33 percent jump (18) 1991. Drinking among 14-year-olds climbed 50 percent from 1992 to 1994,and all teens reported substantial increases in (19) drinking. In 1995, one in five 10th graders reported having been drunk in the past 30 days. Two-thirds of high school seniors say they know a (20) with a drinking problem.

19问答题为什么说消费者遵循持久收入假说且能够进行理性预期，消费的变动就是不可预测的?

20问答题某人20岁开始工作，60岁退休，估计可以活到80岁，假定生命由20岁开始算起，按照生命周期理论， (1)不考虑财富因素，写出此人工作期间的消费函数。 (2)如果人口增长率为零，人口构成是均匀的，那么国家的总储蓄率是多少?