填空题Why dont we get rid of these books since we dont use them ______． 既然我们都不用这些书了，为何不丢掉它们?

填空题The government has taken drastic measures to______ the public transport, (modern)

填空题______is a relatively complex form of compounding in which a new word is formed by joining the initial part of one word and the final part of another word. For example, the English word smog is made from______and______.（人大2006研)

填空题With its hero traveling into different places with different companions the story discusses the features of each stage of human life. Answer; "______" by______

填空题Some morphemes like -ish, -ness, -ly, -dis, trans-, un-, are never words by themselves but are always parts of words. These affixes are ______ morphemes.

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}You are going to read a list of headings and a text about happiness. Choose the most suitableheading from the list A-- F for each numbered paragraph (41--45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. [A] Extensive applications of haptic technology.[B] Possibilities rendered by haptic mechanisms.[C] The feasibility of extending our senses and exploring abstract universes.[D] An example of the progress in science of haptics.[E] Bringing the potential of our senses into full play.[F] Will haptics step into a bright future? "OOOF!" Using your mouse, you heave a data file across the screen--a couple of gigabytes of data weigh a lot. Its rough surface tells you that it is a graphics file. Having tipped this huge pile of data into a hopper that sends it to the right program, you examine a screen image of the forest trail you'll be hiking on your Vacation. Then, using a gloved hand, you master its details by running your fingers over its forks and bends, its sharp rises and falls. Later you send an E-mail to your beloved, bending to the deskpad to attach a kiss. 41．______________ The science of haptics (from the Greek haptesthai, "to touch") is making these fantasies real. A few primitive devices are extending human-machine communication beyond vision and sound. Haptic joysticks and steering wheels for computer games are already giving happy players some of the sensations of piloting a spaceship, driving a racing car or firing weapons. In time, haptic interfaces may allow us to manipulate single molecules, feel clouds and galaxies, even reach into higher dimensions to grasp the subtle structures of mathematics. 42．______________ Most of our senses are passive. In hearing and vision, for example, the sound or light is simply received and analyzed. But touch is different: we actively explore and alter reality with our hands, so the same action that gathers information can also change the world--to model a piece of clay or press a button, for example. In providing direct contact between people, touch carries emotional impact. And in providing direct contact with the world, it is the sure sign of reality, as in "pinch me--am I dreaming?" 43．______________ Some small steps have even been taken towards whole-body haptics. Touch Technology of Nova Scotia, Canada, has built a haptic chair. It looks like a full length lounge chair in a family den, but its surface is studded with 72 "tactors" -pneumatic piston rods, covered with rounded buttons, that can extend about an inch, and can be driven under computer control in any desired sequence and pattern. It could be programmed to imitate a real massage or to function in time to music. According to the manufacturer, that provides a powerful blending of sen-sations--a long term goal of virtual reality. 44．______________ Even at its present crude level, however, haptics can make tangible what once could not be touched or even pictured. To investigate the world of the very small, researchers at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, have developed the nanoManipulator. This adds touch to the technique of scanning probe microscopy, which can image a single atom by monitoring either the electrical current flowing between an extremely fine probe and a surface or the force between them. With the nanoManipulator, researchers can see and manipulate a universe a million times smaller than their own, to study viruses and tiny semiconducting devices. If the force feedback can be made sensitive enough, it may be possible to push molecular keys into specific molecular locks, to custom-design drugs or assemble silicon parts into intricate nanomachines. With other interfaces, there is no reason we shouldn't also be able to touch the very large-clouds, ocean currents, mantle flows, mountains, galaxy clusters. Or the very strong--with a suitable force scaling, new ceramics or alloys could be squeezed and twanged to test their engineering properties. Or the physically extreme and inaccessible--such as ultra hot plasma flows in fusion machines. 45．______________ Haptic technology could even make abstract ideas tangible. Many scientific concepts occupy spaces of more than three dimensions: string theory, for example, asserts that we live in a 10 or 11-dimensional Universe. As it is impossible to visualise such a space, we explore these ideas through mathematical expressions or two dimensional sketches on paper, But probing these unfamiliar geometries with touch may be more effective. And for blind people, haptics offers a new way to grasp information even in three dimensions. A group at the University of Delaware has developed an environment where a person can feel a mathematical function. Using a PHAN-TOM, the user "walks" along the surface of the figure. Like a hiker following mountainous terrain, the user feels where the function is steep, where it is level, and where its peaks and valleys lie. Other haptic systems could help blind people to browse the Internet, feeling images as well as words. The future of haptics is bright, but the only sensual relationship it will be sustaining any time soon is between you and your computer.

填空题Under D/P at Sight, ______ issues a sight draft , and then present it to ______ through the remitting bank and the collecting bank. The importer must make ______ at once upon ______ the sight draft before he can get the shipping documents.

填空题{{U}}尽管天气不好{{/U}}, the football game went on and the audience stayed there, cheering for their favorite players.

填空题Do you know to ______ this bike belongs?

填空题Translate the following passages into Chinese．(湖北大学2008研，考试科目：翻译与写作)I still keep in mind a certain wonderful sunset which I witnessed when steam-boating was new to me. A broad expanse of the river was turned to blood: in the middle distance the red hue brightened into gold, through which a solitary log came floating black and conspicuous: in one place a long, slanting mark lay sparkling upon the water: in another the surface was broken by boiling, tumbling waves, that were as many-tinted as an opal: where the ruddy flush was faintest, was a smooth spot that was covered with graceful circles and radiating lines, ever so delicately traced: the shore on our left was densely wooded, and the somber shadow that fell from this forest was broken in one place by a long, curvy trail that shone like silver: and high above the forest wall a clean-stemmed dead tree waved a single gold leafy bough that glowed like a flame in the unobstructed splendor that was flowing from the sun. There were graceful curves, reflected images, woody heights, soft distances: and over the whole scene, far and near, the dissolving lights drifted steadily, enriching it every passing moment with new marvels of coloring.

填空题Waiter: (56) ?Cheng Hong, Yes, we'd like some jiaozi with pork and vegetables inside, please.Waiter: (57) ?Peter: Half a jin for me.Cheng Hong, But three liang for me.Waiter, Half a jin for the gentleman and three liang for the lady. Thank you. (58) ?Peter: Do you have wine?Waiter: Yes, we do. (59) ?Peter: Uh... a glass of red wine, please.Cheng Hong: (60) Waiter: All right. Eight liang of jiaozi, a glass of red wine and a cup of green tea. Is that all?Peter: Yes. That's all.

填空题The bedrooms in his new flat are ______ (taste) decorated and furnished.

填空题{{U}}这么多人不在{{/U}},we decided to put the meeting off.

填空题People who live in glass houses should not throw stones .

填空题{{U}}据说{{/U}}, she is a world famous art critic.

填空题 The following is a guarantee for a product. After reading it, you should fill in the blanks marked 1 to 5 in the table below. This product is guaranteed for two years after the date of purchase against defects due to faulty workmanship or materials. The guarantee covers them both. Service under guarantee is provided only upon presentation of reasonable evidence (completed guarantee card or purchase receipt) that the date of the claim is within the guarantee period. The guarantee is not valid if the defect is due to accidental damage, misuse, neglect or unauthorized persons carried it out in case of alterations or repair. Service during and after guarantee is available in all countries where LG officially distributes the product. In countries where LG does not distribute the product, the local LG service organizations will also arrange service. Yet, there may be delay if the required spare parts are not readily available. In this case, please contact your LG dealer or the LG Service Organization. For information and in the event of difficulty, please contact the Consumer Relation Desk (消费者联系处) in your country. For a list of Consumer Relation Desks, see the gray box in this leaflet. If there is no Consumer Relation Desks in your country, you can contact Service Department, LG Co. (address on cover). Guarantee The guarantee period: 1 . The guarantee covers faulty: 2 . Service under guarantee is provided: 3 showed by consumers. Serice is available: all countries where LG officially 4 . For the list of Consumer Relation Desks : by seeing 5 in the leaflet.

填空题A."Itisalwaysbettertobuyahouse;payingrentislikepouringmoneydownthedrain."Foryears,suchadvicehasencouragedpeopletoborrowheavilytogetonthepropertyladderassoonaspossible.Butisitstillsoundadvice?Housepricesarecurrentlyatrecordlevelsinrelationtorentsinmanypartsoftheworldanditnowoftenmakesmorefinancialsense—especiallyforfirst-timebuyers—torentinstead.B."IfIdon'tbuynow,I'llnevergetonthepropertyladder"isacommoncryfromfirst-timebuyers.Ifhousepricescontinuetooutpacewages,thatistrue.Butitnowlooksunlikely.Whenpricesgetoutoflinewithwhatfirst-timerscanafford,astheyaretoday,theyalwayseventuallyfallinrealterms.Themyththatbuyingisalwaysbetterthanrentinggrewoutofthehighinflationeraofthe1970sand1950s.First-timebuyersthenalwaysendedupbetteroffthanrenters,becauseinflationerodedtherealvalueofmortgagesevenwhileitpusheduprents.Mortgage-interesttaxreliefwasalsoworthmorewheninflation,andhencenominalinterestrates,washigh.Withinflationnowtamed,homeownershipisfarlessattractive.C.Homebuyerstendtounderestimatetheircosts.Oncemaintenancecosts,insuranceandpropertytaxesareaddedtomortgagepayments,totalannualoutgoingsnoweasilyexceedthecostofrentinganequivalentproperty,evenaftertakingaccountoftaxbreaks.Ah,butcapitalgainswillmorethanmakeupforthat,itispopularlyargued.Overthepastsevenyears,averagehousepricesinAmericahaverisenby65%,thoseinBritain,Spain,AustraliaandIrelandhavemorethandoubled.Butitisunrealistictoexpectsuchgainstocontinue.Makingthe(optimistic)assumptionthathousepricesinsteadriseinlinewithinflation,andincludingbuyingandsellingcosts,thenoveraperiodofsevenyears,—theaveragetimeAmericanownersstayinonehouse—ourcalculationsshowthatyouwouldgenerallybebetteroffrenting.D.Bewarned,ifyoumakesuchaboldclaimatadinnerparty,youwillimmediatelybesetupon.Payingrentisthrowingmoneyaway,itwillbeargued.Muchbettertospendthemoneyonamortgage,andbysodoingbuildupequity.Thesnagisthatthetypicalfirst-timebuyerkeepsahouseforlessthanfiveyears,andduringthattimemostmortgagepaymentsgooninterest,notonrepayingtheloan.Andifpricesfall,itcouldwipeoutyourequity.E.Inanycase,arentercanaccumulatewealthbyputtingthemoneysavedeachyearfromthelowercostofrentingintoshares.Thesehave,historically,yieldedahigherreturnthanhousing.Puttingallyourmoneyintoahousealsobreaksthebasicruleofprudentinvesting:diversify.Andyes,itistruethatamortgageleveragesthegainsonyourinitialdepositonahouse,butitalsoamplifiesyourlossesifhousepricesfall.F.Thedivergencebetweenrentsandhousepricesis,ofcourse,evidenceofahousingbubble.Somedaypriceswillfallrelativetorentsandwages.Aftertheydo,itwillmakesensetobuyahome.Untiltheydo,thesmartmoneyisonrenting.G."Iwanttohaveaplacetocallhome"isapopularretort.Rentingprovideslesslong-termsecurityandyoucannotpaintallthewallsorangeifyouwantto.Homeownershipisanexcellentpersonalgoal,butitmaynotalwaysmakefinancialsense.Theprideof"owning"yourownhomemayquicklyfadeifyouaresaddledwithamortgagethatcostsmuchmorethanrenting.Also,rentingdoeshavesomeadvantages.Rentersfinditeasiertomoveforjoborfamilyreasons.{{B}}Order:{{/B}}

填空题C______ linguistics aims to deal with computer processing of human language.

填空题Choose the correct headings for each of the following paragraphs marked with B to F. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET(15 points, 3 points each). List of Headings i. Read all about it ii. It"s easier than ever to buy culture. iii. culture wars iv. Fueling the explosion v. Cultural abundance unlike a building boom vi. We"ve reached a tipping point, or at least turned a corner. vii. Informal relations viii. Anyone can be a maker of culture. ix. Whatever happened to the television test pattern? Example Answer Paragraph A ix A No more than 20 years ago, most TV stations routinely signed off the air for at least a few hours a day. At the end of their broadcast period, stations would slap a test pattern up on the screen until the next morning"s programming began. The test pattern—occasionally an absurd drawing of a Native American but more often a simple geometric shape adorned with call letters—was a great symbol of cultural dead space, of a moment when nothing was happening, when nothing was being transmitted, save perhaps for a monotonous electronic hum. While some stations still do sign off, they are increasingly rare in a hyperkinetic, always-open America that has shifted fully into 24-7 mode. If the test pattern symbolized a moment of silence in the cultural process, then it"s only fitting that its long run has effectively been canceled. B Similar developments range far beyond the small screen. During the past few decades, we have been experiencing what can aptly be called a "culture boom" : a massive and prolonged increase in art, music, literature, video, and other forms of creative expression. Everywhere we look, the cultural marketplace is open and ready for business: The number of places where you can buy books has more than doubled during the past 20 years, while the number of libraries has increased by about 17 percent. More than 25, 000 video rental stores are scattered across the United States, effectively functioning as second-run theaters and art houses even in the most remote backwaters. More than 110 symphony orchestras have been founded since 1980, reports The Wall Street Journal, which also notes that the national 1997 -98 theatrical season "raked in a record $1.3 billion in ticket sales. " About 3 , 500 commercial radio stations and 670 commercial television stations have come on the air since 1970; during the same period, cable viewership has quadrupled. C The increasingly important World Wide Web has provided space for all sorts of commercial and noncommercial culture, ranging from authorized sites to a reader-compiled database of more than 180, 000 movies to translations of Dante"s sonnets to fan-generated art. In video and music production, where equipment costs were once prohibitive enough to seriously limit access, there is a flourishing, self-conscious "do-it-yourself" movement that has taken great advantage of cheaper technology and distribution methods. In a world of $ 100 VCRs, bargain-basement PCs, CD-rewritable drives, and other technologies that allow users to copy and manipulate images, words, and sound in ever-new and seamless ways, even the sharp distinction between producer and consumer seems increasingly blurred. D Gone for good are the days when serious cultural critics, whether on the right or the left, could nod toward Tocqueville and Mrs. Trollope and bemoan a scarcity of "culture" in America. Instead, the contemporary descendants of such folks are more likely to make the sort of claim Slate"s Jacob Weisberg did recently in a review of economist Tyler Cowen"s In Praise of Commercial Culture. After granting that the United States does in fact offer a dizzying array of cultural opportunities, Weisberg complains: "What we lack is a flourishing common, or national, culture. Contemporary classical music goes unperformed, foreign films have no audience, and hardly anyone reads contemporary poetry. Meanwhile, pap abounds. " There are, in fact, healthy, if small, markets for the fare Weisberg prefers. The problem isn"t a lack of choice in cultural matters: You want Mozart, Mingus, and Marilyn Manson ? No problem—they"re all available(and probably at a discount). Rather, the issue is precisely a profusion of choice in cultural matters; You want Mozart, Mingus—and Marilyn Manson? E By virtually any measure, cultural activity has been enjoying an expansion that stacks up to Wall Street"s long-running bull market. Interestingly, the culture boom has, for the most part, seen older art forms supplemented and preserved, rather than paved over. The past 30 years have seen a number of developments that have greatly increased the amount and variety of TV-related culture available. The average home now has 2. 3 sets, compared to 1. 4 sets in 1970. Cable is now in 65. 3 percent of all households with TVs(compared to 6.7 percent in 1970). The average subscriber receives 30 to 60 channels, typically including several devoted not merely to shopping but to new and old feature films, reruns of old shows, documentaries, and other sorts of specialized programming. Omnipresent video rental stores give virtually everyone access to a film library that a few decades ago even a millionaire wouldn"t have been able to afford. F The culture boom is similarly reshaping book publishing. While an enormous amount of ink has been spilled over the demise of print culture, the death of so-called mid-list authors, and the threat to diversity posed by mega-mergers among publishers, actual book sales and related figures suggest a very different picture. Between 1975 and 1996, the number of books sold increased by 817 million units annually. Fifty years ago, Tyler Cowen points out in In Praise of Commercial Culture, there were only 85, 000 titles in print in the United States. Today, that figure stands at about 1. 3 million. The increase in the number of books available has been matched by an increase in places to get books. Between 1985 and 1993, for instance, the number of "ultimate companies"—outlets selling books in some form or another—rose from 9, 200 to almost 20, 000. Such staggering numbers have, of course, been eclipsed by Web sellers such as Amazon, com and Barnes & Noble"s online outfit(barnesandnoble. com). Boasting sites that include several million titles, Amazon and Barnes & Noble have been joined in cyberspace by used-book sites that combine lists from hundreds of used-hook stores nationwide. The Web retailers are also leading the way in increasing access to foreign tides that have traditionally been very difficult to find in the States.