完形填空 Today, we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are all available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can't find north, a few tricks may help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land. When you find yourself 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area of land, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H20 you find, you should 10 see signs of people. If you've explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward the tree 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution. 18 , assuming you're lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.

完形填空Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones

完形填空 A. In December of 1869, Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepare plans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building. The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871. B. Completed in 1875, the State Department's south wing was the first to be occupied, with its elegant four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Reception Room, and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood, Oriental rugs, and stenciled wall patterns. The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary. C. The State, War, and Navy Building, as it was originally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation's foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century—the period when the United States emerged as an international power. The building has housed some of the nation's most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events. D. Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB's granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming President. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. E. The Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) commands a unique position in both the national history and the architectural heritage of the United States. Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departments, and is considered one of the best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the country. F. Construction took 17 years as the building slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOB was finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas. G. The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid. The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building. 41 → C → 42 → 43 → F → 44 → 45

完形填空MostanimalsseekshadewhentemperaturesintheSaharaDesertsoarto120degreesFahrenheit.ButfortheSaharansilverant,【C1】________fromtheirundergroundnestsintothesun’sbrutalraysto【C2】________forfood,thisistheperfecttimetoseeklunch.In2015theseantswerejoinedinthedesertbyscientistsfromtwoBelgianuniversities,whospentamonthinthe【C3】________heattrackingtheantsanddiggingouttheirnests.Thegoalwassimple,todiscoverhowthe【C4】________adaptedtothekindofheatthatcan【C5】________meltthebottomofshoes.BackinBelgium,thescientistslookedattheantsunderanelectronicmicroscopeandfoundthattheir【C6】________,triangularhairreflectslightlikeaprism(棱镜),givingthemametallicreflectionandprotectingthemfromthesun’sawfulheat.WhenPh.D.studentQuentinWillot【C7】________thehairfromanantwitha【C8】________knifeandputitunderaheatlamp,itstemperaturejumped.Theants’methodofstayingcoolis【C9】________amonganimals.Couldthisreflectivetypeofhairprotectpeople?Willotsayscompaniesareinterestedin【C10】________theseants’methodofheatprotectionforhumanuse,includingeverythingfromhelpingtoprotectthelivesoffirefighterstokeepinghomescoolinsummer.A)adaptingB)consciouslyC)crawlingD)crowdedE)extremeF)huntG)literallyH)moderateI)remoteJ)removedK)speciesL)specimensM)thickN)tinyO)unique

完形填空Inourcontemporaryculture，theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlookingat-astrangerisvirtuallyunbearableEveryonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones，evenwithouta1underground.　　Itsasadreality-ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings-becausetheres2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldntknowit，3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe4：Pleasedontapproachme.　　Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreens?　　Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,executivementalcoachWefearrejection，orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6ascreep,WefearweIIbe7WefearweIIbedisruptiveStrangersareinherently8tous，sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintancesToavoidthisanxiety,we10toourphones.Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket，Wortmannsays.Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.　　Butonceweripoffthebandaid，tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup，itdoesnt12sobad.Inone2011experiment，behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14.WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidntexpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeensnubbed.18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosesanscommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.Itsthat20:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.

完形填空Travelling call be a wonderful adventure

完形填空How many times does the heart beat in a day? The answer depends on the person

完形填空How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar. 41 You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved. Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where. The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues. 42 Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or 'tree' meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. 43 Such background material inevitably reflects who we are. 44 This doesn't, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page—including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns—debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values. How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it. 45 Such dimensions of reading suggest—as others introduced later in the book will also do—that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn't then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worth-while than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment. A. Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room. B. Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others. C. If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them. D. In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended. E. You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible. F. In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author's own thoughts. G. Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text's formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of back-ground, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.

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完形填空Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Music produces profound and lasting changes in the brain. Schools should add music classes, not cut them. Nearly 20 years ago, a small study advanced the 【A1】______ that listening to Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major could boost mental functioning. It was not long 【A2】______ trademarked “Mozart effect” products began to appeal to anxious parents aiming to put toddlers 【A3】______ the fast track to prestigious universities like Harvard and Yale. Georgia’s governor even 【A4】______ giving every newborn there a classical CD or cassette.The 【A5】______ for Mozart therapy turned out to be weak, perhaps nonexistent, although the 【A6】______ study never claimed anything more than a temporary and limited effect. In recent years, 【A7】______, scientists have examined the benefits of a concerted 【A8】______ to study and practice music, as 【A9】______ to playing a Mozart CD or a computer-based “brain fitness” game 【A10】______ in a while.Advanced monitoring 【A11】______ have enabled scientists to see what happens【A12】______ your head when you listen to your mother and actually practice the violin for an hour every afternoon. And they have found that music 【A13】______ can produce profound and lasting changes that 【A14】______ the general ability to learn. These results should【A15】______ public officials that music classes are not a mere decoration, ripe for discarding in the budget crises that constantly【A16】______ public schools.Studies have shown that 【A17】______ instrument training from an early age can help the brain to【A18】______ sounds better, making it easier to stay focused when absorbing other subjects, from literature to mathematics. The musically adept are better able to 【A19】______ on a biology lesson despite the noise in the classroom 【A20】______, a few years later, to finish a call with a client when a colleague in the next office starts screaming a subordinate. They can attend to several things at once in the mental scratch pad called working memory, an essential skill in this era of multitasking

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完形填空One of the most pressing challenges the world will face in the next few decades is how to alleviate the growing stress that human activities are placing (1)________ the environment

完形填空 The question of parenting has become of increasing interest to economists. At the American Economic Association's annual meeting in Denver this year, for example, there was a 1 on the effect of mothers' employment on their children, as well as household 2 and child development. Economists are 3 increasingly on studies from epigenetics, which demonstrate the way parenting and other 4 factors transform genes. But 5 most debates regarding nature 6 nurture tend to look at what happens to people during childhood, Janet Currie, an economist at Columbia University, has looked at the effects that 7 might have on children even before they are born. In a paper 8 as the Richard T. Ely lecture at the A. E. A. meeting, she reviewed studies looking at 9 better maternal education and government food 10 can help raise birth weights among babies, an indicator that can 11 future health. Stopping smoking or taking drugs, not 12 , also improves birth weights. In examining the effects of pollution on birth weight, she 13 that one of the reasons poor, minority mothers tend to live 14 to polluted areas is that such neighborhoods tend to be viewed as blighted by more 15 and white residents, and that 16 home prices or rents are more 17 for those living on low incomes. She also posited the 18 that 'some groups are less able to process and act on information about hazards.' Ms. Currie 19 that because changes made by mothers or families while a baby is in the womb can affect birth weight, and in 20 , future health, 'we cannot assume that differences that are present at birth reflect unchangeable, genetic factors.'

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完形填空In the mid-nineteenth century, work began on a crucial section of the railway line connecting Boston to the Hudson River. The addition would【A1】______from Greenfield, Massachusetts, to Troy, New York, and it required tunnelling【A2】______Hoosac Mountain, a【A3】______impediment, nearly five miles thick, that blocked the【A4】______between the Deerfield Valley and a tributary of the Hudson. James Hayward, one of New England’s leading railroad engineers, estimated that penetrating the Hoosac would cost,【A5】______, a very manageable two million dollars. The president of Amherst College,【A6】______geologist, said that the mountain was composed of soft rock and【A7】______tunnelling would be fairly easy【A8】______the engineers had breached the surface. “The Hoosac is believed to be the only barrier between Boston and the Pacific,”the project’s promoter, Alvah Crocker, 【A9】______ Everyone was wrong. Digging through the Hoosac turned out to be a【A10】______. The project cost more than ten times the budgeted【A11】______If the people involved【A12】______the true nature of the challenges they faced, they would never have funded the Troy-Greenfield railroad.【A13】______, had they not, the factories of northwestern Massachusetts wouldn’t have been able to ship their goods so easily to the expanding West, the【A14】______of freight would have remained stubbornly high, and the state of Massachusetts would have been【A15】______poorer.

完形填空 With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China 56 a family planning program in 1971, India has been closing the 57 . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly 58 the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, India's population will 59 China's around the year 2028 60 about 1.7 billion. Should that happen, it won't be the 61 of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. 62 India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala's population is virtually 63 . The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, 64 about 40% in the entire nation. The difference 65 the emphasis put on health programs, 66 birth control, by the state authorities, 67 in 1957 became India's first elected Communist 68 . And an educational tradition and matrilineal (母系的) customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get 69 good schooling. While one in three Indian women is 70 , 90%of those in Kerala can read and write. Higher literacy rates 71 Family planning. 'Unlike our Parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have 72 of them,' says Laila Cherian, 33, who lives in the Village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself 73 three children--one below the national 74 of four. That kind of restraint (抑制, 克制) will keep Kerala from putting added 75 on world food supplies.

完形填空 Every day, over a million people log onto different Internet-based games. There is truly something for everyone in the gaming world. Games provide a quick escape from 51 . Game developers are the new breed of storytellers, creating alternative 52 . Games represent the ultimate interactive movie, allowing the user to control the direction of the plot. And now the newest technologies allow you to play games no matter where you are. At home, we have PC or video game consoles. 53 , a desktop or laptop computer can be loaded with OS-bundled games or Web-based freebies. Even while traveling, there are many wireless computers, portable devices, wireless phones and PDAs 54 . Games are now pushing back all the 55 once placed upon them by technology, category, realism, location and time. These advances are helping to push games into the 56 of virtual reality. Thus, the stuff of science fiction novels is gradually emerging, the graphic aspects of the game quickly 57 . Initially, electronic games involved 58 moving blocks across a TV or computer screen. 59 the vast increases in processing power, games are quickly approaching three-dimensional realism. This power allows a developer to create a 60 world where a gamer can look around in full 360-degree vision.

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完形填空Today it 41________ have a bad reputation as a cause of addiction and obesity(肥胖), but for a long time sugar was a luxury(奢侈品) and 42________ the opinion of the medical profession it still should be

完形填空The taxi driver was a man in his late thirties