填空题 Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely __67__ from all other animals. Language is a means of communication, __68__ it is much more than that. Many animals can __69__. The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers __70__ other members of the hive (蜂群). But human language permits communication about anything, __71__ things like unicorn (独角兽) that have never existed. The key __72__ in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be __73__ together in different ways, according to __74__, to communicate different meanings. Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing __75__ humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, __76__ about the universe, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. It is an immensely complex __77__ that we take for granted. Indeed, we are not aware of most __78__ of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to __79__. The speaker has to translate thoughts into __80__ language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the __81__ of speech is extremely fast, only 0.04 seconds! The listener must hear the sounds to __82__ out what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to __83__ the words spoken, understand the pattern of __84__ of the words (sentences), and finally __85__ the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But __86__ started, it is of course a continuous process. 67. A) apart B) off C) up D) down（A） 68. A) so B) but C) or D) for（B） 69. A) transfer B) transmit C) convey D) communicate（D） 70. A) to B) from C) over D) on（A） 71. A) only B) almost C) even D) just（C） 72. A) stays B) situates C) hides D) lies（D） 73. A) stuck B) strung C) rung D) consisted（B） 74. A) rules B) scales C) laws D) standards（A） 75. A) combines B) contains C) defines D) declares（C） 76. A) what B) whether C) while D) if（B） 77. A) prospect B) progress C) process D) produce（C） 78. A) aspects B) abstracts C) angles D) assumptions（A） 79. A) anybody B) another C) other D) everybody（B） 80. A) body B) gesture C) written D) spoken（D） 81. A) growing B) fixing C) beginning D) building（C） 82. A) put B) take C) draw D) figure（D） 83. A) identify B) locate C) reveal D) discover（A） 84. A) performance B) organization C) design D) layout（B） 85. A) prescribe B) justify C) utter D) interpret（D） 86. A) since B) after C) once D) until（C）

填空题I ______ (tell)that I was going to attend an important meeting．

填空题No one (care about) if he (appears) at the meeting next year or not. If (it happens) he will (be made to) apologize for his careless comments. A. care about B. appears C. it happens D. be made

填空题The basis of the family is, of course, the fact that parents feel a special kind of______towards their own children, different from that which they feel towards each other or towards other children.(affect)

填空题 It comes as a surprise, given Microsoft's notorious tenacity, but the software giant is definitely out to clear its antitrust plate. After its settlement with the Justice Department, the company has now struck an agreement to end more than 100 private class-action suits and signalled that it wants to do the same for the case brought against it by the European Commission. (41) Yet recent events suggest that it will not be that easy for Microsoft to shrug off its legal woes. For a start, the nine state attorneys-general opposing the federal settlement have asked the trial judge to Impose tougher remedies. (42) . And this week, a Senate committee hearing was dominated by criticism of the federal settlement. The least of Microsoft's problems are the class-action suits, filed on behalf of consumers who say they were harmed by the company's behaviour. Giving money to schools is a good idea. But half of the gift would be in the form of free Microsoft software, costing the company almost nothing, and hurting competitors in the education market, mainly Apple. So worried is Steve Jobs, Apple's boss, that he has publicly criticised the deal—after haying kept quiet during the entire antitrust trial. (43) The proposal of the dissenting states is more serious. (44) . Central to the plan are remedies concerning Microsoft's browser software and the Java programming language: the company would be forced to license the source code m its browser, and to make sure that Java programs can run on Windows. Microsoft would also be required m offer a stripped-down version of Windows so that PC makers could choose add-ons other than its own. Microsoft says that the proposed remedies are "extreme and not commensurate with what is left of the case". Colleen Kollar-Kotelly, the trial judge, will decide next spring. She has put the case on two parallel tracks. One is a review of the existing Justice Department settlement (under the Tunney act) to determine if it is in the public interest. The other is litigation over the newly proposed remedies. The European Commission. for its part, will probably wait and see what transpires m America before proceeding. It is unlikely simply to rubber-stamp the outcome as Microsoft has suggested. For one thing, European regulators have disagreements of their own with the company, chiefly that it is trying to extend its monopoly into the server and media-player markets. But competitors and critics of the software giant, who have heavily lobbied both the states and Brussels, should not get their hopes up. Given the economic and political environment, it is still unlikely that Microsoft will get more than a slap on the wrist, even if it hurts more than the company would like. (45) To some extent this is already happening. The "Liberty Alliance", for example, is gaining momentum. American Express and AOL Time Warner recently joined this coalition, whose goal is to provide an alternative to Microsoft's online authentication service, called Passport. Similarly, if the entertainment industry got its act together, it might be able to stop Microsoft defining the standard for digital copy-protection. Perhaps this time around, such alliances will prove a better match for Microsoft's determination.[A] Businesses and consumers want benefits of being connected anytime, anyplace—without compromising security or control of personal information.[B] Its rivals would perhaps do better to concentrate their energies on forming alliances that could help to keep Microsoft in check.[C] About 12,500 schools—many of which are among the nation's poorest—would be eligible to receive software from Microsoft under the proposal.[D] Another judge supervising the class-action suits has questioned Microsoft's plan to settle all of the eases by donating $1 billion to poor schools.[E] As if to underline this new approach, Microsoft recently announced that William Neukom, its long-serving general counsel, will soon be replaced by Brad Smith, his more convivial deputy,[F] Their suggested remedies do more than just plug the loopholes in the main settlement and provide for tougher enforcement. They would take back much of what Microsoft has won by abusing its monopoly power.[G] The judge's remarks suggest that Microsoft will have to pay cash in full if it wants him m approve the agreement.

填空题For people who have stopped noticing, the only possible new or renewed experience, and, therefore, new knowledge, is from a work of art. Because that is the only kind of experience which they are prepared to receive on its own terms: they will come out from their shells and expose themselves to music, to a play, to a book, because it is the accepted method of enjoying such things. True, even to plays and books they may bring artistic prejudices which prevent them from seeing that play or comprehending that book. Their artistic sensibilities may be as crusted over as their minds.

填空题If she (know) ______ English, she would not ask me for help.

填空题[A]Bycontrast,somewhatmorethan25percentoftheearth'spopulationcanbefoundintheindustrializedsocieties.Theyleadmodernlives.Theyareproductsofthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury,moldedbymechanizationandmasseducation,broughtupwithlingeringmemoriesoftheirowncountry'sagriculturalpast.Theyare,ineffect,thepeopleofthepresent.[B]Theremaining2or3percentoftheworld'spopulation,however,arenolongerpeopleofeitherthepastorthepresent.Forwithinthemaincentersoftechnologicalandculturalchange,inSantaMonica,CaliforniaandCambridge,Massachusetts,inNewYorkandLondon,andTokyo,aremillionsofmenandwomenwhocanalreadybesaidtobelivingthewayoflifeofthefuture.Trend-makersoftenwithoutbeingawareofit,livetodayasmillionswilllivetomorrow.Andwhiletheyaccountforonlyafewpercentoftheglobalpopulationtoday,theyarealreadyfromaninternationalnationofthefutureinourmidst.Theyaretheadvancedagentsofman,theearliestcitizensoftheworldwidesuper-industrialsocietynowinthethroesofbirth.[C]Itis,infact,nottoomuchtosaythatthepaceoflifedrawsalinethroughhumanity,dividingusintocamps,triggeringbittermisunderstandingbetweenparentandchild,betweenMadisonAvenueandMainStreet,betweenmenandwomen,betweenAmericanandEuropean,betweenEastandWest.[D]Whatmakesthemdifferentfromtherestofmankind?Certainly,theyarericher,bettereducated,moremobilethanthemajorityofthehumanrace.Theyalsolivelonger.Butwhatspecificallymarksthepeopleofthefutureisthefactthattheyarealreadycaughtupinanew,stepped-uppaceoflife.They"livefaster"thanthepeoplearoundthem.[E]Theinhabitantsoftheeartharedividednotonlybyrace,nation,religionorideology,butalso,inasense,bytheirpositionintime.Examiningthepresentpopulationoftheglobe,wefindatinygroupwhostilllive,huntingandfood-foraging,asmendidmillenniaago.Others,thevastmajorityofmankind,dependnotonbear-huntingorberry-picking,butonagriculture.Theylive,inmanyrespects,astheirancestorsdidcenturiesago.Thesetwogroupstakentogethercomposeperhaps70percentofalllivinghumanbeings.Theyarethepeopleofthepast.[F]Somepeoplearedeeplyattractedtothishighlyacceleratedpaceoflife--goingfaroutoftheirwaytobringitaboutandfeelinganxious,tenseoruncomfortablewhenthepaceslows.Theywantdesperatelytobe"wheretheactionis."JamesA.Wilsonhasfound,forexample,thattheattractionforafastpaceoflifeisoneofthehiddenmotivatingforcesbehindthemuch-publicized"brain-drainthemassmigrationofEuropeanscientistsandengineerswhomigratedtotheU.S.andCanada.Heconcludedthatitwasnohighersalariesorbetterresearchfacilitiesalone,butalsothequickertempothatlurethem.Themigrants,hewrites,"arenotputoffbywhattheyindicatedasthe'fasterpace'ofNorthAmerica;ifanything,theyappeartopreferthispacetoothers."[G]Thepaceoflifeisfrequentlycommentedonbyordinarypeople.Yet,oddlyenough,ithasreceivedalmostnoattentionfromeitherpsychologistsorsociologists.Thisisagapinginadequacyinthebehavioralsciences,forthepaceoflifeprofoundlyinfluencesbehavior,evokingstrongandcontrastingreactionsfromdifferentpeople.Order:

填空题The businessman made contributions ______ society as a whole, not just his company.

填空题There are two ways of opening of bids, e. g. ______ and non-public opening of bids.

填空题A. In Europe a recent feature of corporate life in the recession has been the de-layering of management structures. This has halted progression for women in as much as de-layering has taken place either where women are working or in layers they aspire to. There is also a positive trend from the recession, which has been the growing number of women who have started up on their own. B. Reasons for higher success rates among women are difficult to isolate. One explanation suggested is that if a woman candidate manages to get on a shortlist, then she has probably already proved herself to be an exceptional candidate. When women apply for positions they tend to be better qualified than their male counterparts but are more selective and conservative in their job search. Women tend to research thoroughly before applying for positions or attending interviews. Men, on the other hand, seem to rely on their ability to sell themselves and to convince the employers that any shortcomings they have will not prevent them from doing a good job. C. In business as a whole, there are a number of factors encouraging the prospect of greater equality in the workforce. Demographical trends suggest that the number of women going into employment is steadily increasing. In addition, a far greater number of women are now passing through high education, making them better qualified to move into management positions. Organizations such as the European Women"s Management Development Network provide a range of opportunities for women to enhance their skills and contacts. Through a series of both pan-European and national workshops and conferences the barriers to women in employment are being broken down. However, there is only anecdotal evidence of changes in recruitment patterns. It is still so hard for women to even get on to shortlists—there are so many hurdles and barriers. There have been some positive signs, but until there is a belief among employers, until they value the difference, nothing will change. D. The study concentrated on applications for management positions in the $45,000 to $110,000 salary range and found that women are more successful than men in both the private and public sectors. Dr. Elizabeth Marx from London based Carre recruitment consultants described the findings as encouraging for women, in that they send a positive message to them to apply for interesting management positions. But she added: "We should not lose sight of the fact that significantly fewer women apply for senior positions in comparison with men." E. Women who apply for jobs in middle or senior management have a higher success rate than men, according to an employment survey. But of course far fewer of them apply for these positions. The study by Cane Recruitment Consultants shows that while one in six men who appear on interview shortlists get jobs, the figure rises to one in four for women. F. Managerial and executive progress made by women is confirmed by the annual survey of boards of directors carried out by Korn & Orban International. This year the survey shows a doubling of the number of women serving as non-executive directors compared with the previous year. However, progress remains painfully slow and there were still only 18 posts filled by women out of a total of 354 non-executive positions survey. G. According to a 2008 study by University of Illinois sociologist John Dencker, women can make inroads into male-dominated management ranks as companies scale-back workforces via downsizing. Overall, women accounted for nearly 36% of the company"s managers after restructuring, compared with an average of about 24% during the period from 1967 to 1993, according to the study. Furthermore, Dencker found that women made less headway into top levels of management and that a host of factors slowed the climb up the corporate ladder for women, who make up half of the nation"s management workforce but hold only 15% of top leadership positions. Order: 1 → 2 → 3 →F→ 4 → 5

填空题Women predominate in the lower-paying, menial, unrewarding, dead-end jobs, and when they do reach better positions, they are ______ paid less than a man for the same job. (vary)

填空题Have you ever considered what makes a good boss good? The answer to that question is admittedly mercurial, as one person"s view of a top-notch employer will differ from somebody else"s. However, there are a number of traits, attitudes and abilities that are common to all good bosses. Moreover, the need for solid leadership skills is especially telling with smaller businesses. "Being a good boss is important in any organization, but it"s particularly important for small business," says Rob Sheehan, director of executive education at the James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership at the University of Maryland. "With smaller businesses, you really have the opportunity to set the tone for the entire company." Bearing in mind the importance of good leadership to business, consider the following lineup of skills, strategies and attributes : 1 2Be inclusive: With a smaller operation, it"s essential that everyone feels like an equal and involved part of the team. A good employer is certain to treat each employee fairly, not only in terms of salary and other forms of compensation, but also in how that employee is involved in the daily function of the business. Encourage feedback, innovation and creativity so employees feel genuinely engaged. 2 Mission, not just money: Very few businesses operate out of sheer altruism, but that"s not to say that turning a profit is the primary philosophical and practical focus. Rather, an effective boss establishes a genuine business mission. How that takes shape depends both on the business and on the overriding focus the boss wants to set. 3 Nothing to fear but fear itself: Many of us have had bosses who would be right at home with a knife next to their desk calendars. Make one mistake on the job and feel free to slip your head right in beneath the blade. Conversely, an effective boss encourages his or her employees not to be gun shy about occasional chaos along the road toward better job performance. 4 It"s their careers, too: Don"t forget that the people who work for you are looking to you to help them navigate and advance their careers. As I said, it"s not all about money. But it is all about making your employees see how to improve and create meaningful careers for themselves. 5 Made, not necessarily born: One final aspect of being a good boss is recognizing that much of what goes into being an effective leader is, in fact, learned behavior. Of course, there always have been and will be bosses who seem to have a flawless touch in leading and motivating. But for every natural, there are just as many top-flight bosses who got that way by attending management classes and seminars, reading books on effective leadership and, just as important, understanding that a good employer naturally attracts first-rate employees. A. "It"s important to use that different perspective to educate and encourage. But it"s also important, like a good coach, to lead your team by example. For instance, while you should point out mistakes by your employees, be sure to admit when you yourself make a mistake," says Sheehan. B. "You need to create an environment of integrity, trust and respect to make absolutely certain that everyone is treated fairly, regardless of the differences they may have," says Sheehan. C. "People can definitely develop good leadership capabilities," says Sheehan. "To a certain degree, we all have innate traits that make us good bosses. All you really have to do is work to develop those traits to their utmost." D. If an employee has a goal of becoming a manager or running his or her own business someday, nurture that goal. Tell them the traits they need to work on to achieve their ultimate plans. E. For instance, a restaurant owner may push speedy lunchtime service as a way of serving the time-strapped business community. By contrast, a medical supply outfit may emphasize how its products improve customers" health. Not only can a clear mission (responsibility) serve to motivate employees, it can also infuse a sense of importance in their jobs. F. "This requires a mentality that encourages learning rather than being afraid of making a mistake. Try something new and different, but know we"re not going to kill each other if things don"t work out," says Sheehan. "I was a swimmer in college and I swam fast when I imagined a shark was after me. I swam just as fast when I imagined I was in the Olympics. It"s a question of what you want to focus on."

填空题Author____Title____ His mother"s hand touched his shoulder. "Does hit hurt?" she said. "Naw," he said. "Hit don"t hurt. Lemme be."

填空题Perhaps the most typically American (types) of feature movie, the western, (has been) a resurgence (in) popularity (in recent years). A. types B. has been C. in D. in recent years

填空题As a young girl, she wants to be confirmed as Roman Catholic because she would be able to wear a white lace dress like a princess at the______.(confirm)

填空题Amy: What do Beijing people usually do to keep fit?Ronald: ______ . Women often try dancing, and men often go hiking.

填空题English-Chinese Translation．(华中师范大学2010研，考试科目：写作翻译)Excerpt from Jane EyreSomething of daylight still lingered, and the moon was waxing bright: I could see him plainly. His figure was enveloped in a riding cloak, fur collared, and steel clasped: its details were not apparent, but I traced the general points of middle height, and considerable breadth of chest. He had a dark face, with stern features and a heavy brow: his eyes and gathered eyebrows looked ireful and thwarted just now: he was past youth, but had not reached middle age: perhaps he might be thirty-five. I felt no fear of him, and but little shyness. Had he been a handsome, heroic-looking young gentleman, I should not have dared to stand thus questioning him against his will, and offering my services unasked. I had hardly ever seen a handsome youth: never in my life spoken to one. I had a theoretical reverence and homage for beauty, elegance, gallantry, fascination: but had I met those qualities incarnate in masculine shape, I should have known instinctively that they neither had nor could have sympathy with anything in me, and should have shunned them as one would fire, lightning, or anything else that is bright but antipathetic.(Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre)