完形填空Flu and How Not to Catch It This winter, in offices and workplaces throughout the country, people are at risk of becoming a health danger to their colleagues

完形填空On a single weekend last month, there were three serious highway accidents in this country that 21 ________teenageddrivers

完形填空The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing: Last week, obese people were accused of causing global warming

完形填空Ways of shopping for goods have changed a lot in the last 50 years

完形填空When former President Ronald fell and break his hip at the age of 89, he joined a group of more than 350,000 elderly Americans who 【A1】________their hips each year

完形填空Some people think of life as a game

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完形填空 In less than 30 years'' time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain'' s nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall. 71. There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 72. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television,and digital age will have arrived. According to BT'' s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years ), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 73.Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds or key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040. Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. "By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck," he says. 74. But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: "It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century." Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-that-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the droids. 75. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder--kitchen rage.

完形填空American and Chinese cultures are【A1】______ in some ways. An American hostess,【A2】______for her culinary (烹调)skill, is likely to say, “Oh, I’m so glad you liked it. I cooked it especially for you.” Not so a Chinesehostess, who will instead【A3】______for giving you nothing even slightly【A4】______and for not showing you enoughhonor【A5】______providing proper dishes.The same rules hold true【A6】______children. American parents speak proudly of their children’sachievements, telling how Johnny made the school team or Jane made the honor roll. Not so Chineseparents, whose children, even if at the top of their school, are always so “naughty”, never studying,never listening to their elders, and so forth.The Chinese take pride in “modesty”; Americans【A7】______“straightforwardness”. This modesty has leftmany a Chinese hungry at an American table, for Chinese politeness【A8】______three refusals before oneaccepts an offer, and American hosts take a “no” to mean “non”, whether it’s the first, second, orthird time.Recently, a member of a delegation sent to China by a large American corporation, complained tome about how the Chinese had asked them three times if they would be willing to change someproposal, and each time the Americans had said “no” clearly and【A9】______. My friend was angry that theChinese had not taken his word the first time. I recognized the problem immediately and【A10】______why theAmericans had not studied up on cultural difference before coming to China. It would have savedeveryone a lot of perplexity and needless frustration in their negotiations.

完形填空Justice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality ,we find in its earlier expressions the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Bible is the expression "an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth." That is, the individual who has done wrong has committed an offense against society. 46 ) To make repayment for this offense ,society must get equally balanced, which can be done only imposing an equal injury upon him. 47) This conception of deserved-punishment justice is reflected in many parts of the legal codes and procedures of modern times, which is illustrated when we demand the death penalty for a person who has committed murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel, who believed that society owed it to the criminal to put into operation a punishment equal to the crime he had committed. 48) The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will eliminate this denial and restore the self that has been denied. To the murderer nothing less than giving up his own life will pay his debt. The demand for the death penalty is a right the state owes the criminal and it should not deny him what he deserves. 　　Modern jurists have tried to replace deserved-punishment justice with the notion of corrective justice. The aim of the latter is not to abandon the concept of equality but to find a more adequate way to express it. It tries to preserve the idea of equal opportunity for each individual to realize the best that is in him. 49) The criminal is regarded as being socially ill and in need of treatment that will enable him to become a normal member of society. Before a treatment can be put into operation ,the cause of his antisocial behavior must be found. If the cause can be removed, provisions must be made to have this done. Only those criminals who are incurable should be permanently separated from the rest of society. This does not mean that criminals will escape punishment or be quickly returned to take up careers of crime. It means that justice is to heal the individual, not simply to get even with him. If severe punishment is the only adequate means for accomplishing this, it should be administered. 50) However, the individual should be given every opportunity to assume a normal place in society and his conviction of crime must not deprive him of the opportunity to make his way in the society of which he is a part.

完形填空 It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and one''s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. (46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed--and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identifies. With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene. (47)In Europe. as elsewhere, multi -media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group, while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind. Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly -contested market. (48)This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in. a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution. (49) Creating a "European identity" that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice― that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co -productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of the European Investments Bank, will handle the finances necessary for production costs. (50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say. "United we stand, divided we fall"― and if I had to choose a slogan it would be "Unity in our diversity," A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.

完形填空Nowadays, more people are living closer together, and they use machines to produce leisure

完形填空Context matters when assessing a culture's strategic effectiveness. Leaders must simultaneously consider culture styles and key organizational and market conditions if they want their culture to help drive performance. Region and industry are among the most germane external factors to keep in mind; critical internal considerations include alignment with strategy, leadership, and organizational design. The values of the national and regional cultures in which a company is embedded can influence patterns of behaviour within the organization. 41 Companies operating in countries with low levels of uncertainty avoidance, such as the United States and Australia, place a greater emphasis on learning, purpose, and enjoyment. Such external influences are important considerations when working across borders or designing an appropriate organizational culture. Varying cultural attributes may be needed to address industry-specific regulations and customer needs. 42 Organizational cultures in financial services are more likely to emphasize safety. 43 In contrast, nonprofits are far more purpose-driven, which can reinforce their commitment to a mission by aligning employee behaviour around a common goal. Strategic considerations related to a company's life cycle are also linked to organizational culture. Companies with a strategy that seeks to stabilize or maintain their market position prioritize learning, whereas organizations operating with a turnaround strategy tend to prioritize order and safety in their efforts to redirect or reorganize unprofitable units. It is hard to overestimate the importance of aligning culture and leadership. The character and behaviours of a CEO and top executives can have a profound effect on culture. Conversely, culture serves to either constrain or enhance the performance of leaders. 44 For individual leaders, cultural fit is as important as capabilities and experience. We see a two-way relationship between a company's culture and its particular structure. In many cases, structure and systems follow culture. 45 However, a long-standing organizational design choice can lead to the formation of a culture. Because the latter is far more difficult to alter, we suggest that structural changes should be aligned with the desired culture. A. For example, we find differences between companies that adopt a differentiation strategy and companies that pursue a cost leadership strategy. B. We find, for example, that companies operating in countries characterized by a high degree of institutional collectivism, such as France and Brazil, have cultures that emphasize order and safety. C. For example, companies that prioritize teamwork and collaboration might design incentive systems that include shared team and company goals along with rewards that recognize collective effort. D. A comparison of organizations across industries reveals evidence that cultures might adapt to meet the demands of industry environments. E. Although results and caring are key cultural characteristics at both types of companies, enjoyment, learning, and purpose are more suited to differentiation, whereas order and authority are more suited to cost leadership. F. Given the increasingly complex regulations enacted in response to the financial crisis, careful work and risk management are more critical than ever in this industry. G. Our own data from executive recruiting activities shows that a lack of cultural fit is responsible for up to 68% of new-hire failures at the senior leadership level.

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完形填空 For years, scientists have been warning us that the radiation from mobile phones is detrimental to our health, without actually having any evidence to back these 51 up. However research now suggests that mobile phone radiation has at least one positive side effect: it can help prevent Alzheimer's, 52 in the mice that acted as test subjects. It's been suspected, though never proven, that heavy use of mobile phone is bad for your health. It's thought that walking around with a cellphone permanently attached to the side of your head is almost sure to be 53 your brain. And that may well be true, but I'd rather wait until it's proven before giving up that part of my daily life. But what has now been proven, in a very perfunctory manner, is that mobile phone radiation can have an effect on your brain. 54 in this case it was a positive rather than negative effect. According to BBC News, the Florida Alzheimer Disease Research Center conducted a study on 96 mice to see if the radiation given off by mobile phone could affect the onset of Alzheimer's. Some of the mice were 'genetically altered to develop beta-amyloid plagues in their brains' 55 they aged. These are a marker of Alzheimer's. All 96 mice were then 'exposed to the lector-magnetic 56 generated by a standard phone for two one-hour periods each day for seven to nine months.' The lucky things. 57 , the experiment showed that the mice altered to be predisposed to dementia were protected from the disease if exposed before the onset of the illness. Their cognitive abilities were so unimpaired as to be virtually 58 to the mice not genetically altered in any way. Unfortunately, although the results are positive, the scientists don't actually know why exposed to mobile phone radiation has this effect. But it's hoped that further study and testing could result in a non-invasive 59 for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease. Autopsies carried out on the mice also concluded no ill-effects of their exposure to the radiation. However the fact that the radiation prevented Alzheimer's means mobile phones 60 out brains and bodies in ways not yet explored. And it's sure there are negatives as well as this one positive.

完形填空The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise

完形填空Do animals have rights

完形填空You hear it all along the river

完形填空Ifs an annual back-to-school routine for parents. One morning you wave your child goodbye, and that【A11】______evening youre burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, 【A12】______are throwing the books at kids.【A13】______elementary school students are complaining of homework 【A14】______. Whats a well-meaning parent to go?As hard as【A15】______may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though youve got to get them to do it,【A16】______helping too much, or even examining【A17】______too carefully, you may keep them【A18】______doing it by themselves. I wouldnt advise a parent to check every 【A19】______assignment,says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework. Theres a【A20】______of. appreciation for trial and error. Let your children【A21】______the grade they deserve.Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their【A22】______But you dont want them to feel it has to be 【A23】______， she says.Thafs not to say parents should【A24】______homework first, they should monitor how much homework their kids【A25】______Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in【A26】______four; five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be【A27】______more than an hour and a half, and two for high-school students. If your child【A28】______has more homewwk than this, you may want to check【A29】______other parents and then talk to the teacher about【A30】______assignments.

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