完形填空Directions: Please fill in blanks 66 to 80 of the following passage. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Psychology researchers have found that the best way to make an important decision always involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists compare people’s 【B1】 _____ decisions to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are 【B2】_____ each other. 【B3】_____ of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, 【B4】_____, the best decisions. Although there are several【B5】_____ on the exact format of worksheets, they are all 【B6】_____ in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a concise way and then listing all possible【B7】_____ to the problem. Next, the relevant considerations to be 【B8】_____ by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to【B9】_____ its relative importance. After being mathematically calculated by 【B10】_____ these values together, the alternative with the highest number of points is the best decision.Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from. One【B11】 _____ of a paper decision-making procedure is that it【B12】_____ people to deal with more variables than their minds can remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their mind【B13】_____.A decision-making worksheet begins from a succinct statement of the problem that also helps to narrow it. It is important to understand the distinction between long-range and【B14】_____ goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision from short-range ones. A realistic example for many college students is the question “What will I do after graduation?” A graduate might【B15】_____ a position that offers specialized training or travel abroad for a year. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to “What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?”

完形填空One Saturday, Mark and Jane decided to go to a hill near their village

完形填空 A mother who is suffering from cancer can pass on the disease to her unborn child in extremely rare cases, 51 a new case report published in PNAS this week. According to researchers in Japan and at the Institute for Cancer Research in Sutton, UK, a Japanese mother had been diagnosed with leukemia a few weeks after giving birth, 52 tumors were discovered in her daughter's cheek and lung when she was 11 months old. Genetic analysis showed that the baby's cancer cells had the same mutation as the cancer cells of the mother. But the cancer cells contained no DNA whatsoever from the father, 53 would be expected if she had inherited the cancer from conception. That suggests the cancer cell made it into the unborn child's body across the placental barrier. The Guardian claimed this to be the first 54 case of cells crossing the placental barrier. But this is not the case—microchimerism, 55 cells are exchanged between a mother and her unborn child, is thought to be quite common, with some cells thought to pass from fetus to mother in about 50 to 75 per cent of cases and to go the other way about half 56 . As the BBC pointed out, the greater 57 in cancer transmission from mother to fetus had been how cancer cells that have slipped through the placental barrier could survive in the fetus without being killed by its immune system. The answer, in this case at least, lies in a second mutation of the cancer cells, which led to the 58 of the specific features that would have allowed the fetal immune system to detect the cells as foreign. As a result, no attack against the invaders was launched. 59 , according to the researchers there is little reason for concern of 'cancer danger'. Only 17 probable cases have been reported worldwide and the combined 60 of cancer cells both passing the placental barrier and having the fight mutation to evade the baby's immune system is extremely low.

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完形填空Speed and comfort People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go (1) b________ land, sea, or air

完形填空 Kids are missing out on having important conversations with parents about how to love and be loved. Parents are worried for years 1 having 'the talk' with their kids. That talk, of course, is about sex. But one thing that is getting very lost in those 2 is how to have a healthy romantic 3 . It's not enough to have the sex talk, we have to have the 4 talk, too. Without it, we 5 our kids being in abusive, manipulative relationships, or 6 out on a truly wonderful aspect of life. According to a report 7 today by Harvard Graduate School of Education's Making Caring Common Project, 8 worry a great deal about the hookup culture, but ignore the fact that young people are unprepared to learn how to love and develop 9 , healthy romantic relationships. 'This whole area has been terribly 10 ,' says Richard Weissbourd, a Harvard psychologist who 11 the Making Caring Common Project. Without conversations about 12 relationships, parents are also neglecting to teach their children about misogyny (厌恶女性) 13 sexual harassment. 'Adults seem not to be facing it 14 It's concerning,' Weissbourd adds. 15 parents think kids don't want to hear it from them, they should 16 : 70 percent of the 18-to 25-year-olds 17 responded to the report's survey said they wanted more information from parents about some emotional 18 of a romantic relationship. And 65 percent said they wanted 19 about it in a sexed or health class at school. But both parents and educators seem to 20 avoidance of having sex, how not to get pregnant or how to avoid a sexually transmitted disease. In doing so, parents are missing out on having important conversations about how to love and be loved.

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完形填空When women do become managers, do they bring a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are women more highly motivated and __5__ than male managers? Some research __6__ the idea that women bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater __7__, an emphasis on affiliation and attachment, and a __8__ to bring emotional factors to bear __9__ making workplace decisions

完形填空A college or university’s international student office is a good place ___31__getting to know the school and the country .Let’s ____32__support services for international students in the United States. Our example is the University of Southern California (U.S.C.),____33___has had the most international students in American colleges or universities ___34__      the past seven years. A college or university’s international student office is a good place ___31__getting to know the school and the country .Let’s ____32__support services for international students in the United States. Our example is the University of Southern California (U.S.C.),____33___has had the most international students in American colleges or universities ___34__      the past seven years. U.S.C. ’s Office of International Services says ____35___student this years is about seven thousand five hundred. The Office helps _____36___student life at the university. It also organizes programs to help foreign ______37___feel more relaxed in their new surroundings. Most American colleges and universities have a similar _____38____that helps international students. These offices look for ways to get students ____39___in school life and make ____40___friends. Their job is not always easy. International students often want to____41__thier free time with friends from their own countries. The office at U.S.C. ___42__assists family members who come to the United States with international students. The family members can take English classes and go on trips to places ______43__museums.  India, China, South Korea, Japan and Canada _____44__the most students to the United States during the last school ____45____.Next came Taiwan, Mexico, and Thailand. 31．

完形填空There are many different kinds of runners, from casual joggers to 41________ race-runners to marathoners

完形填空 Alcohol use is the number one drug problem among young people. It's easy to understand why. For adults, alcohol is legal, widely 1 in American culture and easily 2 . Many kids can get a drink right in their own homes. 3 are drinking younger and more frequently than 4 , often beginning around age 13, according to studies. The average number of alcoholic drinks among college students is five on a single 5 , according to a recent survey. Among those younger 21, it is 5.5 drinks, and among 6 21 and older, it is 4.2 drinks. Young people almost always begin drinking because of 7 pressure, in an attempt to be accepted and 8 in the group. According to the U.S. Surgeon General, more than half of junior and senior high school students drink alcoholic 9 . More than 40 percent of those who drink admit to drinking when upset, 31 percent admit to drinking 10 , 25 percent admit to drinking when 11 and 25 percent admit to drinking to get ' 12 .' This is a 13 , serious problem 14 college campuses today. In 1997 Harvard University's School of Public Health surveyed students at 130 colleges for a college 15 study and found about two of every five college students 16 in binge drinking. 17 binge drinkers at college were 22 times more 18 than non-binge drinkers to have problems, 19 missed classes, falling behind in school work, getting in trouble or hurt and engaging in 20 sexual activity.

完形填空　　71．While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. Caught in the web of its own time and place, each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past. In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered, it is also frequently partial or partisan. The irony of the historian''s craft is that its ractitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process. 　　72．Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past. Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. 　　73．During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study. 　　Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession. 74．There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. Historians, especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of "tunnel method," frequently fall victim to the "technicist fallacy." Also common in the natural sciences, the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation. 75．It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.

完形填空Rowan Torrez will never be able to bear his late(已故的)father tell him that he loves him, but yesterday he 【A1】 received his dads love in writing, a postcard 【A2】 by his father nearly eight years ago

完形填空The same benefits and drawbacks are found when using CT scanning to detect lung cancer the three-dimensional imaging improves detection of disease but creates hundreds of images that increase a radiologists workload, which, 【A1】, can result in missed positive scans

完形填空A large proportion of the studies of behavior used animals as subjects, especially pigeons, rats, and rabbits. There are a number of reasons why researchers in this field frequently choose to conduct their experiments with nonhuman subjects. First of all, the possibility of a placebo effect is minimized with animal subjects. 46)Whereas a human subject''s behavior may be drastically altered by the knowledge that he or she is being observed, this is unlikely with animal subjects because most studies with animal subjects are conducted in such a way that the animal does not know its behavior is being monitored and recorded. Furthermore, it is unlikely that an animal subject will be motivated either to please or displease the experimenter, a motive that can ruin a study with human subjects. A second reason for using animal subjects is convenience. The species most commonly used as subjects are easy and inexpensive to care for, and animals of a specific age and sex can be obtained in any quantities the experimenter needs. 47)Once animal subjects are obtained, their participation is as regular as the experimenter''s--animal subjects never fail to show up for their appointments, which is unfortunately not the case with human subjects. 　　48) Probably the biggest advantage of domesticated animal subjects is that their environment can be controlled to a much greater extent than is possible with either wild animals or human subjects. This is especially important in experiments on learning, where previous experience can have a large effect on a subject''s performance in a new learning situation. Likewise, if a human subject tries to solve some mystery as part of a learning experiment, the experimenter cannot be sure how many similar problems the subject has encountered in his lifetime. 49) When animals are bred and raised in the laboratory, however, their environments can be constructed to make sure that they have no contact with objects or events similar to those they will encounter in the experiment. 　　A final reason for using animal subjects is that of comparative simplicity. 50)Just as a child trying to learn electricity is better off starting with a flashlight than a radio, researchers may have a better chance of discovering the basic principles of learning by examining creatures that are less intelligent and less complex than human beings The assumption here is that although human beings differ from other animals in some respects, they are also similar in some respects, and it is these commonalities that can be investigated with animal subjects.

完形填空Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior

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