填空题Confucius—a statesman, scholar, and {{U}}educator{{/U}} of {{U}}great skill{{/U}} and reputation—is generally held to he China's {{U}}greatest{{/U}} and most {{U}}influence{{/U}} philosopher. A. education B. great skill C. greatest D. influence

填空题He earns ______ (much)money now, but is ______ (little)respected than he used to be.

填空题______by______ traces the growth of young Pip from innocence to experience and from immaturity to maturity.

填空题41. Two types of stress: There are basically two types of stress placed on human beings--physical and mental. 42. Effects of stress--physical or emotional: Whether physical or emotional in origin, stress causes the body to react in the same way. 43. Guilty--useful, though most harmful: Probably the most harmful of all the stresses is guilt. 44. Instances no need to feel guilty: However, many of us as children learned rules that we no longer need. No one is perfect: Guilt and the worry that often accompanies this major stress are difficult to eradicate, but people subject to excessive guilt feelings should realize, as simple as it sounds, that no one is perfect. People cannot always be cheerful and helpful to every one they meet. Another good lesson is that mistakes should be forgotten, not lingered over and brought out to examine periodically. 45. Life with a little stress--significant: A life without stress, such as retirement with nothing to do, would be boring. [A] Fat adults should no longer feel guilty about leaving a little food on the plate, a successful businessman need not feel guilty about spending a little too much money on a vacation, nor should he feel guilty that he can combine a business trip to the West Coast with some swimming and golf at an ocean resort. But many people do feel guilty over such apparently innocent actions. Excessive guilt can sour all of life and make life not worth living; it can also cause self-hatred as well as other fears and anxieties that cause all life"s successes to be bittersweet, at best. [B] Stress from physical activity, if not carried too far, is actually beneficial. Exercise relaxes you and may help forget about mental and emotional stress. But mental stress is almost always bad for you. If mental stress is unrelieved, it can actually cause diseases such as ulcers, migraine headaches, heart problems, or mental illness. [C] Just as we need a little guilt--to keep us correct and a little worry--to make us plan ahead--we need a little stress to stay interested in life. But when stress begins to bother you, you might as well change your routine. Take your mind off your worries with some physical activity; you may discover a solution you have overlooked before. [D] Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. [E] Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities, others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. [F] In the first stage, your body prepares to meet the stress. The heartbeat and respiration rates increase, and the pupils of the eyes dilate; the blood sugar level increases, and the rate of perspiration speeds up, while digestion slows down as blood and muscular activity is diverted elsewhere. In the second stage, your body returns to normal and repairs any damage caused by the stressful situation. However, if stress continues, the body cannot repair itself, and the final stage, exhaustion, then begins. If this stage continues, if for example you are frustrated by your work and continue to be frustrated for a long time, physical or emotional damage will occur. These stages of stress reaction are always the same, whether the stress is caused by a cross-country run, a first date, buying a house, or narrowly missing an automobile accident. [G] This common emotion is useful to have when it helps us to realize that we have, in fact, committed some error, violated our own rules or social rules. If we did not feel guilty, we would never do anything except the things that brought us immediate pleasure-- we"d never obey the law, work, exercise, or even study in school, unless we wanted to do so in the first place. As a person"s conscience develops, guilt feelings become inevitable; guilt is the sorrow we experience when we know we have done something incorrect.

填空题亚太新兴市场国家快速发展，直接改变了许多国家和地区的落后面貌，改善了亿万人民生活，为缩小发展差距、减少贫困人口、实现联合国千年发展目标做出重要贡献。亚太新兴市场国家积极参与国际经贸合作，供应大量能源和原材料，为其他国家发展提供了充足资源；出口物美价廉的工业制成品，为各国提供了丰富多样的商品；进口大量商品和服务，为世界经济增长提供了市场和动力；吸纳巨额外资，为国际资本流动提供了重要目的地。国际社会应该同亚太新兴市场国家一道努力，通过广泛的沟通与合作来抓住机遇，挖掘潜力促进各国共同发展繁荣。

填空题More than one defendant ______ (be)involved in the case．

填空题I dont think we can ______ finish thejob. It is ______ at all. (possible)

填空题The prototype can be understood as a schematic______of the conceptual core of a category.

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A - G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on AN- SWER SHEET 1. Among the celebrated pantheon of Holly wood royalty, few are as well-respected and universally adored as Gregory Peck. For more than fifty years, he has been a major presence in the theater, on television, and most importantly, on the big screen. (41) ______ As General MacArthur, Melville's Captain Ahab, and Atticus Finch, he has presented audiences with compelling stories of strength and masculinity. Eldred Gregory Peck was born on April 5, 1916 in La Jolla, California. By the time he was six, his parents had divorced. For a number of years he lived with his maternal grandmother, but at the age of ten was' sent to St. John' s Military Academy in Los Angeles. The four years he spent there were important in forming his sense of personal discipline. After the Academy, he returned to live with his father, a local pharmacist, and to attend public high school. (42)______. There, his abilities were almost immediately recognized. In 1942, Peck made his debut on Broadway with The Morning Star. Though many of his early plays were doomed to short runs, it seemed clear that Peck was destined for something bigger. In 1944 that "something bigger" arrived in the form of his first twoHollywood roles, as Vladimir in Days of Glory and Father Francis Chisholm in The Keys of the Kingdom. (43)______. This early success provided him the rare opportunity of working with the best directors in Hollywood. Over the next three years he appeared in Alfred Hitchcock' s Spellbound (1945), King Vidor' s Duel in the Sun (1946), and Etia Kazan's Gentleman's Agreement (1947). Despite concerns over public acceptance of the last one, a meditation on American anti-Semitism, it surprised many by winning an Oscar for Best Picture and a nomination for Best Actor. This success seemed not only a validation of Peck's abilities as an artist but of his moral convictions as well. (44)______. Tough and caring, he was the quintessential mid- century American man—the good-looking romantic lead across from Audrey Hepburn as well as the rugged World War 1I bomber commander. For many, the actor and the characters he portrayed were inseparable; the authority of his passionate yet firm demeanor was attractive to post-war Americans who longed for a more stable time. (45)______. While continuing to act on television and in Hollywood throughout the 19805 and 19905, Peck has focused much of his energy on spending time with his wife, children, and grandchildren. For Peck, life as a father and as a public figure have been inseparable; he was simultaneously a major voice against the Vietnam war, while remaining a patriotic supporter of bis son who was fighting there. If years of breathing life into characters such as Captain Keith Mallory and General MacArthur taught him anything, it was that life during wartime was profoundly complex; and rarely bas there been a time free from war or struggle. In his more than fifty films, Peck has continually attempted to investigate these complex struggles, and in doing so has created a library of stories that shed light on human possibility and social reality.[A] Though an amiable and fun-loving man at home, Peck' s stern presence made him one of the screen' s great patriarchs.[B] For many, Peck is a symbol of the American man at his best—a pillar of moral courage and a constant defender of traditional values.[C] During the 19605 and 19705, Peck continued to challenge himself as an actor, appearing in thrillers, war films, westerns and in bis best known film, To Kill A Mockingbird (1962). Based on the book by Harper Lee, To Kill A Mockingbird addresses problems of racism and noral justice in personal and powerful ways. As Atticns Finch, a lawyer in a small Southern town, Peck created a character that remains a great example of an individual' s struggle for humanity within deeply inhumane conditions. It seems clear however, that the reason for Peck's constant assertion that To Kill A Mockingbird is his best ( and favorite) fihn, was the film' s attention to the lives of children and the importance of family.[D] Gregory Peck passed away on June 12th, 2003, at the age of 87.[E] While Days of Glory was coolly received, his role as the taciturn Scottish missionary in The Keys of the Kingdom was a resounding triumph and brought him his first Os- car nomination for Best Actor.[F] After graduating, Peck enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley. Greatly influenced by his father's desires for him to be a doctor, Peck began as a premed student. By the time he was a senior, however, he found his real interests to be in writing and acting. Peek soon realized that he had a natural gift as both an expressive actor and a storyteller. After graduating in 1939, he changed his name from E1dred to Gregory and moved to New York.[G] At 85, Peck turned his attention back to where he got his start, the stage. He traveled the country visiting small play houses and colleges, speaking about his life and experiences as a father, a celebrity, and as an actor.

填空题The car accident has caused per______ damage to her eyesight.

填空题 In brand-new offices with a still-empty game room and enough space to triple their staff of nearly 30, a trio of entrepreneurs is leading an Internet start-up with an improbable mission: to out-Google Google. The three started Powerset, a company whose aim is to deliver better answers than any other search engine—including Google—by letting users type questions in plain English. And they have made believers of Silicon Valley investors whose fortunes turn on identifying the next big thing. Powerset is hardly alone.{{U}} (41) {{/U}}. And Wikia Inc, a company started by a founder of Wikipedia, plans to develop a search engine that. like the popular Web-based encyclopedia, would be built by a community of programmers and users.{{U}} (42) {{/U}}. It also shows how much the new Internet economy resembles a planetary system where everything and everyone orbits around search in general, and around Google in particular. Silicon Valley is filled with start-ups whose main business proposition is to be bought by Google, or for that matter by Yahoo or Microsoft. Countless other start-ups rely on Google as their primary driver of traffic or on Google's powerful advertising system as their primary source of income. Virtually all new companies compote with Google for scarce engineering talent.{{U}} (43) {{/U}} "There is way too much obsession with search, as if it were the end of the world." said Esther Dyson, a well-known technology investor and forecaster. "Google equals money equals search equals search advertising; it all gets combined as if this is the last great business model." It may not be the last great business model, but Google has proved that search linked to ,advertising is a very large and lucrative business, and everyone—including Ms. Dyson, who invested a small sum in Powerset—seems to want a piece of it. Since the beginning of 2004, venture capitalists have put nearly $350 million into no fewer than 79 start-ups that had something to do with Internet search, according to the National Venture Capital Association, an industry group. {{U}} (44) {{/U}}Since Google's stated mission is to organize all of the world's information, they may still find themselves in the search giant's cross hairs. That is not necessarily bad, as being acquired by Google could be a financial bonanza for some of these entrepreneurs and investors. {{U}} (45) {{/U}}. Powerset recently received $12.5 million in financing. Hakia, which like Powerset is trying to create a "natural language" search engine, got $16 million. Another $16 million went to Snap, which has focused on presenting search results in a more compelling way and is experimenting with a new advertising model. And ChaCha. which uses paid researchers that act as virtual reference librarians to provide answers to users' queries. got $6.1 million. Still, recent history suggests that gaining traction is going to be difficult. Of dozens of search start-ups that were introduced in recent years, none had more than a 1 percent share of the United States search market in November. according to Nielsen NetRatings, a research firm that measures Internet traffic.[A] Powerset could possibly steal a lead if it improves search results by a significant measure with natural language and simultaneously incorporates a near-equivalent to Google's existing capabilities.[B] Even as Google continues to outmaneuver its main search rivals, Yahoo and Microsoft, plenty of newcomers—with names like hakia, ChaCha and Snap--are trying to beat the company at its own game.[C] These ambitious quests reflect the renewed optimism sweeping technology centers like Silicon Valley and fueling a nascent Internet boom.[D] But in the current boom, there is money even for those with the audacious goal of becoming a better GooSe.[E] And divining Google's next move has become a fixation for scores of technology blogs and a favorite parlor game among technology investors.[F] An overwhelming majority are not trying to take Google head on, but rather are focusing on specialized slices of the search world, like searching for videos, blog postings or medical information.[G] The venture capitalists made the investment based on an assumption that Powerset would complete the licensing deal,

填空题______ is the currency used for price calculation in contract.

填空题{{B}}Passage A{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} {{I}}For Questions 11—15, you will hear an introduction about the life of Richard W. Simmons. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you've heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only I word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording only once.{{/I}} Death (Age) 11 Place of Birth Minnesota Acting Career Years 12 Place Hollywood Began with "A Million to One" (Year) 13 The Title Role in the Television Series "Sergeant Preston of the Yukon" (Year) 1950 The Last Role in the Television Movie "Don't Push, I'll Charge When I'm Ready" (Year) 14 Living Family Members wife daughter 15

填空题{{B}}Directions: Pick out the appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.{{/B}} A. Please count. B. Do you handle foreign currency here?C. It's impossible. D. Please show me your passport.E. May I change some Renminbi into US dollars? F. I'm in urgent need.G. Would you fill out this form, please? H. What is the rate of exchange?Miss Li: Good morning. Can I help you, madam?Nancy: Good morning, miss.{{U}} (56) {{/U}}Miss Li: Yes, we do.Nancy:{{U}} (57) {{/U}}Miss Li: No problem. How much would you like to change?Nancy: 20,000 Yuan.{{U}} (58) {{/U}}Miss Li: It's 7. 8868 Yuan to the dollar.{{U}} (59) {{/U}}Nancy: Here you are.Miss Li:{{U}} (60) {{/U}}Nancy: OK.

填空题[ E-Government/strong] [电子政务管理/strong] By definition, e-government is simply the use of information and communications technology, such as the Internet, to improve the processes of government. Thus, e- government is in principle nothing new. Governments were among the first users of computers. But the global proliferation of the Internet, which effectively integrates information and communications technology on the basis of open standards, combined with the movement to reform public administration known as New Public Management, has for good reason generated a new wave of interest in the topic. E-government promises to make government more efficient, responsive, transparent and legitimate and is also creating a rapidly growing market of goods and services, with a variety of new business opportunities. To some, e-government might seem to be little more than an effort to expand the market of e-commerce from business to government[1]. Surely there is some truth in this. E-commerce is marketing and sales via the Internet. Since governmental institutions take part in marketing and sales activities, both as buyers and sellers, it is not inconsistent to speak of e-government applications of e-commerce. Governments do after all conduct business[2]. But e-commerce is not at the heart of e-government. The core task of government is governance, the job of regulating society, not marketing and sales. In modern democracies, responsibility and power for regulation is divided up and shared among the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government[3]. Simplifying somewhat, the legislature is responsible for making policy in the form of laws, the executive for implementing the policy and law enforcement, and the judiciary for resolving legal conflicts. E-government is about, improving the work of all of these branches of government, not just public administration in the narrow sense. New Public Management is a kind of management theory about how to reform government by replacing rigid hierarchical organizational structures[4] with more dynamic networks of small organizational units; replacing authoritarian, top-down decision and policy-making practices with a more consensual, bottom-up approach which facilitates the participation of as many stakeholders as possible, especially ordinary citizens; adopting a more customer-oriented attitude to public services; and applying market principles to enhance efficiency and productivity. E-government gives New Public Management fresh blood. Not only does information and communications technology[5] provide the infrastructure and software tools needed for a loosely coupled network of governmental units to collaborate effectively, the infiltration of this technology into government agencies tends to lead naturally to institutional reform, since it is difficult to maintain strictly hierarchical channels of communication and control when every civil servant can collaborate efficiently and directly with anyone else via the Internet. Orthogonal to the division of power among the branches of government is the hierarchical organization of supranational (e. g. European), national, regional and local governments bounded by geographical territory. Information and communications technology creates a new accessibility, overcoming temporal, geographical and organizational boundaries. Thus e-government can facilitate new forms of collaboration among governments which cut across and diminish such boundaries. The EuroCities project is an example. Perhaps in the long term e-government will help to strengthen the identification of citizens within Europe. E-government is not only or even primarily about reforming the work processes within and among governmental institutions, but is rather about improving its services to and collaboration with citizens, the business and professional community, and nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations[6] such as associations, trade unions, political parties, churches, and public interest groups[7]. Using World Wide Web[8] portals[9] to create one-stop shops[10] is one currently popular egovernment approach to improving the delivery of public services to citizens. The basic idea of these portals is to provide a single, convenient place to take care of all the steps of a complex administrative process involving multiple government offices, bringing the services of these offices to the citizen instead of requiring the citizen to run from office to office. Web portals can deliver government services with various levels of interaction. Three levels are usually identified: information, communication, and transactions. Information services deliver government information via static web pages and dynamic web pages generated from databases to citizens, tourists, businesses, associations, public administration, and other government users. Communication services use groupwareon3 technology such as e-mail, discussion forums and chat to facilitate dialogue, participation and feedback in planning and policy-making procedures. Transaction services use online forms, workflow and payment systems to allow citizens and business partners to take care of their business with government online. Typical applications of transaction services for citizens include applying for social benefits, registering automobiles, filing changes of address or applying for building permits. For businesses, perhaps the application of greatest current interest is the online procurement of government contracts. Often one reads that these three levels of interaction are ordered by complexity, with transactions being the most complex. Presumably this is because of the apparent and challenging security and business process reengineering issues of online transaction processing. Providing high quality information and communication services, however, is no less challenging. Information services need to evolve into knowledge management services and become adaptive, personalised, proactive and accessible from a broader variety of devices. Communication services need to evolve into collaboration services providing better support for argumentation, negotiation, deliberation and other goal-directed forms of structured discourse. Among the most interesting and challenging sociotechnological issues of e-government are in the area of e—Democracy, which aims to apply information and communication technology to improve the public opinion formation process central to governments primary regulatory function. Here the ambition is to broaden actual public participation, not just the technical possibility, and counter political apathy without denying the poor or poorly educated their civil rights. Together with the trend towards outsourcing[12] tasks and working with industry in private-public partnerships, this is likely to[13] lead to rapid growth of the e-government market and create plentiful business opportunities, also for small and medium-size enterprises. Viewing e-government projects as mainly an investment in public infrastructure is too restricted, since the investment is also aimed at reducing the size and costs of government while accelerating the growth of the e-government market, helping to create new businesses and jobs in the private sector. Notes [1] To some, e-government might seem to be little more than an effort to expand...：对于有些人来说，电子政务似乎只不过是致力于将电子商务从商业领域扩展到政务领域。 little more than只不过是，和……一样。例如： Her voice is little more than a whisper. 她的声音和耳语差不了多少。 [2] Governments do after all conduct business: 政府的确从事商务活动。do在这里没有实际意义，用助动词“do(does/did)+动词原形”表示强调。例如： I did come over last night．我昨天晚上的确来了。 She does speak good English. 她的确英语讲得很好。 [3] ...legislative, executive and judicial branches of government: 权力分立(Separation of Powers)，是指将各种国家权力分散，不使其集中在单一机关内的设计。权力分立这一名词首先由启蒙时代法国的哲学家孟德斯鸠所提出，而这样的设计通常以三权分立(Trias Politica)而被熟知。三权分立即为行政、司法、立法三大政府机构共同存在，地位平等且互相制衡的政权组织形式。与其相对立的政权组织形式是议行合一制。 [4] ...replacing rigid hierarchical organizational structure...：替代等级制严格的组织结构……。 [5] not only does information and communications technology...：not, never, hardly, seldom, little, scarcely, neither, nor等否定词作状语位于句首时，句子要采用倒装形式。例如： Little did I know about him. 我对他不了解。 Hardly had he come in when the bell rang.他刚进教室，上课铃就响了。 [6] nongovernmental organizations：非政府组织(Non-governmental organization，缩写NGO)是一个不属于政府、不由国家建立的组织，通常独立于政府。虽然从定义上包含以营利为目的的企业，但该名词一般仅限于非商业化、合法的、与社会文化和环境相关的倡导群体。NGO的基金至少有一部分来源于私人捐款。现在该名词的使用一般与联合国或由联合国指派的权威NGO相关。而大多数非政府组织(NGO)都是非营利组织( NPO-Non-profit Organization). [7] public interest groups：lnterest group，利益团体，或称利益集团，是指具有相同利益并向社会或政府提出诉求，以争取团体及其成员利益、影响公共政策的一群人。利益团体可以分为两大类：经济性利益团体和公共利益团体(public interest group)。 [8] World Wide Web：万维网(亦作“网络”、“WWW”、“W3”，或英文“Web”)，是一个资料空间。在这个空间中：一样有用的事物，称为一样“资源”；并且由一个全域“统一资源标识符”(URI)标识。这些资源通过超文本传输协议(Hypertext Transfer Protocol)传送给使用者，而后者通过点击链接来获得资源。从另一个观点来看，万维网是一个透过网络存取的互连超文件(interlinked hypertext document)系统。万维网联盟(World Wide Web Consortium，简称W3C)，又称W3C理事会。1994年在美国的麻省理工学院(MIT)计算机科学实验室成立。建立者是万维网的发明者蒂姆·伯纳斯·李。 [9] portal:门户，原意是指正门、入口，现多用于互联网的门户(入口)网站和企业应用系统的门户系统。所谓门户网站(入口网站)，是指通向某类综合性互联网信息资源并提供有关信息服务的应用系统。门户网站通过门类众多的业务来吸引和留驻互联网用户，以至于目前门户网站的业务包罗万象，成为网络世界的“百货商场”或“网络超市”。 [10] one-stop shop: 一站式购物店，是指商店商品很齐全，顾客不用东奔西走，在一个地方就可以买到所要买的东西。 [11] groupware:组件，群件。-ware是一种常用的英语后缀，单词十后缀，即由一个单词与某一后缀共同组成一个新的单词。-ware表示“商品；物品；器皿；件，软件”，如： kitchenware厨房用具 freeware免费软件 shareware共享软件等。 ironware铁器 silverware银器 stoneware瓷器 copperware铜器 [12] outsourcing: 外部采办，外购。商业用语，是商业活动决策之一，指将非核心业务下放给专门营运该项运作的外间第三者，旨在节省成本、集中精神于核心业务、善用资源、获得独立及专业人士服务等。 [13] be Iikely to: 可能(可预期的)。如： The boss said we were likely to work overtime today．老板说我们今天很可能要加班。

填空题______ is the technical name for the sameness relation.