填空题Translate the Following into English．(浙江工商大学2009研，考试科目：翻译与写作) 我觉得时辰钟是人生最好的象征了。时辰钟的针，平常一看总觉得是“不动”的，其实人造物中最常动的无过于时辰钟的针了。日常生活中的人生也如此，刻刻觉得我是我。似乎这“我”永远不变，实则与时辰钟的针一样地无常!一息尚存，总觉得我还是我，我没有变，还是留连着我的生，可怜受尽“渐”的欺骗。 “渐”的本质是“时间”，一般人对于时间的悟性，似乎只够支配搭船、乘车的短时间；对于百年的长时间的寿命，他们不能胜任，往往迷于局部而不能顾及全体。

填空题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} For years, youth sports pushers tried to get us hooked: organized sports, they said, offered a natural high and would build character in our children.{{U}} (71) {{/U}}But there are high-functioning cokeheads, too. Like every American, I have close friends whose families struggle with a youth sports addiction. So let's talk about the dark side of the youth sports epidemic. First off, when they're spending every spare second at soccer practice, children lose that crucial downtime they need for exercising their imaginations, as well as their limbs. And Dr. Lenny Wiersma, co-director of tile Center for the Advancement of Responsible Youth Sport, warns that when kids miss out on "the old sandbox and informal games," they also lose opportunities to develop peer interactions that are "organized and regulated by themselves." {{U}} (72) {{/U}}The Michigan study cited above also found a sixfold increase in the time children spent on "passive, spectator leisure," as more and more kids found themselves dragged off to watch their siblings' sports events. Organized youth sports also cut into relaxed family time.{{U}} (73) {{/U}}That's not to speak of all the exhausted parents who put their own interests--and relationships--on hold for a decade, devoting every free minute to hauling their kids from game to game. Of course, organized sports isn't the only culprit.{{U}} (74) {{/U}} The pressure can leave even high-achieving kids exhausted, demoralized and at risk of "self-destructive behaviors," Harvard's admissions office warns. Harvard now urges that applicants "take some sort of timeout before burnout becomes the hallmark of their generation." Parents: Just say no. Rip up that T-ball signup sheet; throw out the expensive soccer cleats. If you want an activity that develops character and physical skills, encourage the kids to help build houses with Habitat for Humanity. But the rest of the time, let them do what generations of American children did before them: climb trees, build backyard forts, play hopscotch and endless games of tag.{{U}} (75) {{/U}} A. Some children possess genuine athletic talent, and in the youth sports programs they really stands out and become more confident. B. It's time to give childhood back to our children. C. Like secondhand smoke, a child's involvement in youth sports can have detrimental side effects on others. D. And it's true that organized youth sports work out fine for some families. E. It's just one reflection of the middle-class American insistence on over-scheduling our children, rushing them between soccer practices, piano lessons, French lessons and SAT prep classes. F. The same study found that families today spend a third less time eating dinners together, and 28% less time taking family vacations.

填空题A further problem we had to con______ was who should take over from Bob Willis as vice-captain.

填空题The theory of conversational implicature was proposed by______.（中山大学2008研)

填空题A. What about you?B. Would yon like black tea?C. Do you have any eggs, madam?D. Would you like something to eat?E. Black tea or iced tea?F. Can I help you?G. Thank you very much.H. It is very tasty.Woman: (56) Ben: Yes, madam. What would you like to drink, Tony?Tony: I'd like some tea.Ben: (57) Tony: Iced tea, please. (58) Ben: I'd like some lemonade. (59) Tony: Yes, I'd like a pizza, please.Woman: What would you like on it, sir?Tony: Mushrooms, green peppers and onions, please.Ben: All fight, (60) .Woman: Yes.Ben: We want a cup of iced tea. a glass of milk, a glass of lemonade, a pizza and two eggs, please.Woman: OK.

填空题{{B}}PassageA{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}}ForQuestions11—15,youwillhearanintroductionaboutthelifeofacelebratedphotographer,HerbRitts.Whileyoulisten,filloutthetablewiththeinformationyou'veheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeengiventoyouinthetable.Writeonly1wordornumberineachnumberedbox.Youwillheartherecordingonlyonce.{{/I}}

填空题There are in China over fifty nationalities ______ the Hans．在中国，除了汉族还有50多个民族。

填空题[A]ABBCtelevisionserieshasraisedthequestionofwhethercatsshouldbekeptindoorsatnight.Wildlifeexpertssaykeepingcatslockedupfromdusktodawnwillpreventmuchofthecarnagetheycreate,andwillalsomeantheyarelesslikelytoberunover.MammalexpertProfessorSteveHarris,fromBristolUniversity,said,"Themessageisclear,mostpeopleareheartilysickofhavingtheirneighbors'catsintheirgardens".[B]Eventoday,someviewtheblackcatasanomenofmisfortune.EventheEnglishlanguageisstackedagainstthemoggy.Spitefulpeoplearedubbedasbeing"catty".Araucouscryisa"caterwaul".Atwork,agreedy,lazybossisa"fatcat".[C]AnewsurveyintheUKindicatesthatcatscomesecondonlytoratsasthelatestfavorite,mammaltovisitourgardens.TheUK's10millioncatshavehaditroughoflate,drawingharshcriticismbecauseoftheirbloodlustandhabitofviewingthendtion'sgardensastheirownpersonaltoilets.[D]ThoughtheanimalsaretheUK'sfavoritepets,Britishgardenershavestruckbackbycrowningthecatasoneofthemostunwelcomevisitorstotheirplots--votingthemonlyslightlymorepopularthanratsinthenewpoll.[E]TheMammalSociety,whichconductedthesurveysayscatscutaswathethroughthenation'swildlife,killingaround300millionanimalseveryyear."Catsaresolitarypredatoryhunter.Peopleaskwhytheykillwhentheyareclearlywell-fed--butacat'smotivationtohuntisquiteseparatefromitsdesiretosatisfyhunger."Evenwithafullstomach,acatcannotresistthestimuliofpreypassingnearby,saysMs.Heath,authorofWhyDoesMyCat."ltdoesn'tmakesenseforacattowaituntilit'shungrytocatchfood--theremaybenonearoundthen.Bettertohuntwhenthere'stheopportunityandhidethefoodaway."[F]But,tobefair,theBritishcan'thatecatsthatmuch.ArecentreportfoundthatthegenerosityoftheBritishtowardsthecathascausedoneinfourofthecreaturestobecomeclinicallyobese.[G]Britain'sgardenershaverevealedoneoftheirgreatestpethates--otherpeople'scats.Okay,they'resadisticmurderers,butisitfairthatcatshavebeenratedasbeingasdetestableasratsinapollofBritishgardeners?Order:

填空题Multimedia 多媒体 More Usage Likely To Immediately Make Every Day Into Another[1] On Multimedia Applications Definition Multimedia—the combination of text, animated graphics, video, and sound—presents information in a way that is more interesting and easier to grasp than text alone. It has been used for education at all levels, ibb training, and games by the entertainment industry. It is becoming more readily available as the price of personal computers and their accessories declines. Multimedia as a human-computer interface was made possible some half-dozen years ago by the rise of affordable digital technology[2]. Previously, multimedia effects were produced by computer-controlled analogy devices[3], like videocassette recorders, projectors, and tape recorders. Digital technologys exponential decline in price and increase in capacity has enabled it to overtake analogy technology. The Internet is the breeding ground for multimedia ideas and the delivery vehicle of multimedia objects to a huge audience[4]. This paper reviews the uses of multimedia, the technologies that support it, and the larger architectural and design issues. Introduction Nowadays, multimedia generally indicates a rich sensory interface[5] between humans and computers or computer-like devices—an interface that in most cases gives the user control over the pace and sequence of the information. We all know multimedia when we see and hear it, yet its precise boundaries elude us. For example, movies on demand, in which a viewer can select from a large library of videos and then play, stop, or reposition the tape or change the speed,[6] are generally considered multimedia. However, watching the movie on a TV set attached to a VCR[7] with the same abilities to manipulate the play is not considered multimedia. Unfortunately, we have yet to find a definition that satisfies all experts. Recent multimedia conferences, such as the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems[8], ACM Multimedia[9], and Multimedia Computing and Networking[10], provide a good start for identifying the components of multimedia. The range of multimedia activity is demonstrated in papers on multimedia authoring (i. e. specification of multimedia sequences), user interfaces, navigation (user choices), effectiveness of multimedia in education, distance learning, video conferencing, interactive television, video on demand, virtual reality[11], digital libraries, indexing and retrieval, and support of collaborative work. The wide range of technologies is evident on papers on disk scheduling[12], capacity planning, resource management, optimization, networking, switched Ethernet LANs[13], ATM[14] networking, quality of service in networks, MPEG[15] encoding, compression, caching, buffering, storage hierarchies, video servers, video file systems, machine classification of video scenes, and Internet audio and video. Multimedia systems need a delivery system to get the multimedia objects to the user. Magnetic and optical disks[16] were the first media for distribution. The Internet, as well as the Transmission Control Protocol/lnternet Protocol (TCP/IP)[l7] protocol suite or Net BIOS[18] on isolated or campus LANs[19], became the next vehicles for distribution. The rich text and graphics capabilities of the World Wide Web browsers are being augmented with animations, video, and sound. Internet distribution will be augmented by distribution via satellite, wireless, and cable systems. General Uses and Applications Multimedia applications are primarily existing applications that can be made less expensive or more effective using multimedia technology. In addition, new, speculative applications, like movies on demand, can be created with the technology. We present here a few of these applications. 1. Home applications ① Video on demand Video on demand (VOD), also called movies on demand, is a service that provides movies on an individual basis to television sets in peoples homes. The movies are stored in a central server and transmitted through a communication network. A set-top box (STB)[20] connected to the communication network converts the digital information to analog and inputs it to the TV set. The viewer uses a remote control device[21] to select a movie and manipulate play through start, stop, rewind, and visual fast forward buttons. The capabilities are very similar to renting a video at a store and playing it on a VCR. The service can provide indices[22] to the movies by title, genre, actors, and director. VOD differs from pay per view[23] by providing any of the services movies at any time. Instead of requiring that, all purchasers of a movie watch its broadcast at the same time. Enhanced pay per view, also a broadcast system, shows the same movie at a number of staggered starting times. ② Home shopping and information systems Services to the home that provide video on demand will also provide other, more interactive, home services. Many kinds of goods and services can be sold in this way. The services will help the user navigate through the available material to plan vacations, renew drivers licenses, purchase goods, etc. ③ Networked games The same infrastructure that supports home shopping could be used to temporarily download video games with graphic-intensive functionality to the STB, and the games could then be played for a given period. Groups of people could play a game together, competing as individuals or working together in teams. Action games would require a very fast, or low-latency, network. 2. Video conferencing Currently, most video conferencing is done between two specially set-up rooms. In each room, one or more cameras are used, and the images are displayed on one or more monitors. Text, images, and motion video are compressed and sent through telephone lines. Recently, the technology has been expanded to allow more than two sites to participate. Videoconferences can also be connected through LANs or the Internet. In time, videoconferences will be possible from the home. 3. Education A wide range of individual educational software employing multimedia is available on CD-ROM. One of the chief advantages of such multimedia applications is that the sequence of material presented is dependent upon the students responses and requests. Multimedia is also used in the classroom to enhance the educational experience and augment the teacher,s work. Multimedia for education has begun to employ servers and networks to provide for larger quantities of information and the ability to change it frequently. ① Distance learning Distance learning is a variation on education in which not all of the students are in the same place during a class. Education takes place through a combination of stored multimedia presentations, live teaching[24], and participation by the students. Distance learning involves aspects of both teaching with multimedia and video conferencing. ② Just-in-time training Another variation on education, called just-in-time training, is much more effective because it is done right when it is needed. In an industry context, this means that workers can receive training on PCs at their own workplaces at the time of need or of their choice. This generally implies storing the material on a server and playing it through a wide-area network or LAN. 4. Digital libraries Digital libraries are a logical extension of conventional libraries, which house books, pictures, tapes, etc. Material in digital form can be less expensive to store, easier to distribute, and quicker to find. Thus, digital technology can save money and provide better capabilities. The Vatican[25] Library has an extraordinary collection of 150,000 manuscripts, including early copies of works by Aristotle[26], Dante[27], Euclid[28], Homer[29], and Virgil[30]. However, only about 2000 scholars a year are able to physically visit the library in Rome. Thus, the IBM Vatican Library Project, which makes digitized copies of some of the collection available to scholars around the world, is a very valuable service, especially if the copies distributed are of high quality. 5. Virtual reality Virtual reality provides a very realistic effect through sight and sound, while allowing the user to interact with the virtual world. Because of the ability of the user to interact with the process, realistic visual effects must be created on the fly[31]. 6. Telemedicine Multimedia and telemedicine can improve the delivery of health care in a number of ways. Digital information can be centrally stored, yet simultaneously available at many locations. Physicians can consult with one another using videoconference capabilities, where all can see the data and images, thus bringing together experts from a number of places in order to provide better care. Multimedia can also provide targeted education and support for the patient and family. Notes [1] 此处将各个单词的第一个字母组合后，即可拼出multimedia，意为多媒体。 [2] digital technology数字技术。 [3] ...computer-controlled analogy devices...计算机控制的模拟装置。 [4] The Internet is the breeding ground for multimedia ideas and the delivery vehicle of multimedia objects to a huge audience．因特网是多媒体技术这一思维的繁殖地，同时，网络又是把多媒体对象传送给诸多观众的工具。 [5] a rich sensory interface感官丰富的界面。 [6] 此分句为插入语，本句主语是movies on demand。 [7] VCR videocassette recorder录像机。 [8] International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems多媒体处理及系统国际会议。 [9] ACM Multimedia美国计算机学会多媒体(大会)。其中，ACM是Association for Computing Machinery的缩写，指美国计算机学会。 [10] Multimedia Computing and Networking多媒体处理与网络。 [11] virtual reality虚拟现实。 [12] disk scheduling磁盘列表。 [13] Ethernet LANs以太局域网，其中LANs见本课注解[19]。 [14] ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode异步传输模式。 [15] MPEG Moving Picture Expert Group运动图像专家组。 [16] optical disk光盘。 [17] TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol传输控制协议/网间协议。 [18] BIOS Basic Input Output System基本输入输出系统。 [19] LANS Local Area Networks局域网。 [20] set-top box(STB)置顶盒，机顶盒。 [21] remote control device遥控装置。 [22] indices index的复数形式。 [23] pay per view每看一次收一次费。 [24] live teaching现场教学。此处live为形容词；live也可作为副词，表示“实况地”。例如： A performance was telecast live．(演出电视实况转播)。 [25] Vatican梵蒂冈，罗马教廷。 [26] Aristotle亚里斯多德(公元前384—前322年，古希腊哲学家)。 [27] Dante但丁(意大利诗人，1265—1321)。 [28] Euclid欧几里得(古希腊数学家)。 [29] Homer荷马(古希腊诗人)。 [30] Virgil维吉尔(古罗马诗人)。 [31] on the fly在飞行中，有动感的。

填空题You think I"m joking? No! I"m in dead______.(earn)

填空题______ intellectual

填空题我们对自己认识得越充分，越容易将我们的潜力充分发挥出来。

填空题I asked what my ______ salary was. (monthly)

填空题Some (research) suggests (what) there is a (link between) the body"s calcium balance (and) tooth decay. A. research B. what C. link between D. and

填空题Even if we could make it impossible for people to commit crimes, should we? Or would doing so improperly deprive people of their freedom? This may sound like a fanciful concern, but it is an increasingly real one. The new federal transportation bill, for example, authorized funding for a program that seeks to prevent the crime of drunken driving not by raising public consciousness or issuing stiffer punishments — but by making the crime practically impossible to commit. (41)______ The Dadss program is part of a trend toward what I call the "perfect prevention" of crime: depriving people of the choice to commit an offense in the first place. The federal government's Intelligent Transportation Systems program, which is creating technology to share data among vehicles and road infrastructure like traffic lights, could make it impossible for a driver to speed or run a red light. (42)______ Such technologies force us to reconcile two important interests. On one hand is society's desire for safety and security. On the other hand is the individual's right to act freely. Conventional crime prevention balances these interests by allowing individuals the freedom to commit crime, but punishing them if they do. The perfect prevention of crime asks us to consider exactly how far individual freedom extends. Does freedom include a "right" to drive drunk, for instance? It is hard to imagine that it does. (43)______ For most familiar crimes (murder, robbery, rape, arson), the law requires that the actor have some guilty state of mind, whether it is intent, recklessness or negligence. (44)______ In such cases, using technology to prevent the crime entirely would not unduly burden individual freedom ; it would simply be effective enforcement of the statute. Because there is no mental state required to be guilty of the offense, the government could require, for instance, that drug manufacturers apply a special tamper-proof coating to all pills, thus making the sale of tainted drugs practically impossible, without intruding on the thoughts of any future seller. But because the government must not intrude on people's thoughts, perfect prevention is a bad fit for most offenses. (45)______ Even if this could be known, perhaps with the help of some sort of neurological scan, collecting such knowledge would violate an individual's freedom of thought. Perfect prevention is a politically attractive approach to crime prevention, and for strict liability crimes it is permissible and may be good policy if implemented properly. But for most offenses, the threat to individual freedom is too great to justify this approach. This is not because people have a right to commit crimes; they do not. Rather, perfect prevention threatens our right to be free in our thoughts, even when those thoughts turn to crime. [A] But there is a category of crimes that are forbidden regardless of the actor's state of mind: so-called strict-liability offenses. One example is the sale of tainted drugs. Another is drunken driving. [B] The Dadss program, despite its effectiveness in preventing drunk driving, is criticized as a violation of human rights because it monitors drivers' behavior and controls individual's free will. [C] And the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 has already criminalized the development of technologies that can be used to avoid copyright restrictions, making it effectively impossible for most people to illegally share certain copyrighted materials, including video games. [D] If the actor doesn't have the guilty state of mind, and he commits crime involuntarily, in this case, the actor will be convicted as innocent. [E] Perfect prevention of a crime like murder would require the ability to know what a person was thinking in order to determine whether he possessed the relevant culpable mental state. [F] The program, the Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety (Dadss), is developing in vehicle technology that automatically checks a driver's blood-alcohol level and, if that level is above the legal limit, prevents the car from starting. [G] But what if the government were to add a drug to the water supply that suppressed antisocial urges and thereby reduced the murder rate? This would seem like an obvious violation of our freedom. We need a clear method of distinguishing such cases.

填空题At every turn, we see cutting edge ideas and technology, born perhaps in a college laboratory or a library, through the spark of a professor, the curiosity of a student, the dynamism of a classroom. The United Nations understands the enormous impact of scholarship, innovation and ideas. We are trying to harness that great power to build a better world. A world where human ingenuity will make our homes, communities and consumption patterns socially and environmentally sustainable. A world where research receives the funding and support it needs to defeat disease, deprivation and despair. A world where the" unlearning" of intolerance will bridge barriers that still divide nations and peoples.Promoting and advancing these goals is the essence of the United Nations Academic Impact. We have been laying the groundwork for this initiative for some time now, with great support from the academic community. It will help serve as a clearing house to better match academic innovation with particular areas of work of the United Nations— neglected areas of research, countries in need of specific help, research that will help deliver concrete change on the ground, and the best ideas to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. We can do together in the future. The UN and the academic community already enjoy a strong partnership. Academic Impact will deepen it further for the twenty-first century. We know about corporate social responsibility in the business world. The Academic Impact aims to generate a global movement of minds to promote a new culture of "intellectual social responsibility. "It is animated by a commitment to certain bedrock principles. Among them: freedom of inquiry, opinion and speech, educational opportunity for all, global citizenship, sustainability and dialogue. The United Nations stands ready to be an active partner with you in ensuring that your knowledge, skills and scholarship advance our universal goals of peace, development and human rights. Thank you for coming together in support of these noble goals.

填空题According to Langacker, ______ is the ability to conceive and portray the same situation in alternate ways through specificity, different mental scanning, directionality, vantage point, figure-ground segregation, etc.