填空题An anthropological orientation in the study of language was developed both in England and in North America at the start of the 20th century. Bronislaw Malinowski and ______ was regarded as the pioneers of this movement in England.

填空题John Bunyan, a village tinker, with his strength and sincerity inscribed his name in the English literary history by his famous work______written in the old-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.

填空题Hybridity

填空题A. Convincing evidence: US is losing its appeal in the eyes of multinationals B. Biggest hindrance: US divided political system C. American future: stuck in the middle D. Overstated statement: US overall competitiveness is declining E. Voice of experts: pessimism pervades academic world F. Economic outlook: bad but not desperate G. Undisputed fact: US is losing its economic edge 1 Is America fading? America has been gripped by worries about decline before, notably in the 1970s, only to roar back. But this time it may be serious. There is little doubt that other countries are catching up. Between 1999 and 2009 America"s share of world exports fell in almost every industry: by 36 percentage points in aerospace, nine in information technology, eight in communications equipment and three in cars. Private-sector job growth has slowed dramatically, and come to a halt in industries that are exposed to global competition. Median annual income grew by an anemic 2% between 1990 and 2010. 2 The March issue of the Harvard Business Review is devoted to "American competitiveness". The Review reports that declinism is prevalent among HBS alumni: in a survey, 71% said that American competitiveness would decline in the coming years. 3 America is losing out in the race to attract good jobs. Matthew Slaughter of Dartmouth"s Tuck School of Business points out that multinational firms increased employment in America by 24% in the 1990s. But since then they have been cutting back on jobs in America. They have moved dull repetitive tasks abroad, and even some sophisticated ones, too. The proportion of the employees of American multinationals who work for subsidiaries abroad rose from 21.4% in 1989 to 32.3% in 2009. The share of research-and-development spending going to foreign subsidiaries rose from 9% in 1989 to 15.6% in 2009; that of capital investment rose from 21.8% in 1999 to 29.6% in 2009. 4 America"s political system comes in for particularly harsh criticism: 60% of HBS alumni said that it was worse than those in other advanced countries. David Moss of HBS argues that such complaints are nothing new: American politicians have been arguing about the role of government ever since Thomas Jefferson butted heads with Alexander Hamilton. But in the past this often led to fruitful compromises. But such compromises are rarer these days. Republicans and Democrats are more ideologically divided, and less inclined to make pragmatic concessions. 5 For all this gloom, the Review"s gurus argue that, as Bill Clinton said in his first inaugural address, there is nothing wrong with America that cannot be cured by what is right with America. The country has huge strengths, from its world-beating universities to its tolerance of risk-taking. It has a highly diverse market: firms that seek cheap labour can move to Mississippi, where wages are a third lower than those in Massachusetts. Rosabeth Moss Kanter of HBS points to the extraordinary amount of innovation that is going on not just in Silicon Valley but across the country. Yet it is difficult to read this collection of essays without a sense of foreboding. The one thing that worries the HBS alumni more than anything else—the state of American politics—is the most difficult to fix. The politicalsituation swings unpredictably, making it hard to plan for the future. Should companies assume that they will have to abide by Mr. Obanm"s health-care law when it comes into effect in 2014, or will the Republicans have repealed it by then? No one knows.

填空题{{B}}Directions: Pick out five appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.{{/B}} A. Maybe I should call a taxi B. can you help meC. it's the second left D. not reallyE. at the traffic lights F. Not at allG. Museum Drive H. Thanks againTourist: Excuse me, {{U}}(56) {{/U}}? I'm lost!Person: Certainly, where would you like to go?Tourist: I'd like to go to the museum, but I can't find it. Is it far?Person: No,{{U}} (57) {{/U}}.It's about a 5 minute walk. Now, go along this street to the traffic lights. Do you see them?Tourist: Yes, I can see them.Person: Right,{{U}} (58) {{/U}}, turn left into Queen Mary Avenue.Tourist: Queen Mary Avenue.Person: Right. Go straight on. Take the second left and enter Museum Drive.Tourist: OK. Queen Mary Avenue, straight on and then the second left, {{U}}(59) {{/U}}Person: Right, Just follow Museum Drive and the museum is at the end of the road.Tourist: Great. Thanks for your help.Person: {{U}}(60) {{/U}}

填空题(After having studied) (so hard) for more than two months, he (felt confidently) of (success). A. After having studied B. so hard C. felt confidently D. success

填空题______ is the first step in signing a contract.

填空题A. What's the matter?B. I'm sorry to hear that.C. He simply hates me.D. Anyway, cheer up!E. Yeah, but it's very hard to find jobs now.F. I'm all right.G. Let me alone.H. How are you?Sarah: You look sad, Bill. (56) Bill: I quarreled with my boss this morning. He almost drove me mad.Sarah: That's too bad. Why was that?Bill: (57) And I'm under a lot of pressure.Sarah: (58) But things will get better.Bill: Yeah.Sarah: Have you considered a change of scenery?Bill: (59) Sarah: It's true. (60) Bill: I will. Thank you.

填空题The typical picture of a corporate highflier is someone who survives on very little sleep. He or she rises when it is still dark, works late and is still answering emails at two o" clock in the morning. Such people do exist, of course. The late British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, for example, was famous for operating on a few hours" sleep. Some entrepreneurs and Wall Street traders seem to follow suit. But if you think you need to do the same thing to get ahead, think again. A growing body of research is finding that, on the contrary, those who get a good night"s sleep are usually more productive at work. That"s because sleep doesn"t just rest the brain, say medical specialists. It allows the brain to perform vital maintenance and restoration tasks. Brains that get too little sleep simply cannot perform as well as those that are rested. "There"s no doubt that sleep deprivation affects job performance," says the Detroit Medical Center"s Safwan Badr. "The evidence is compelling that when you do not get enough sleep ... you are not as productive." Investors should also take heed: Numerous studies have found that those running on too little sleep tend to make poorer investment decisions and take needless risks as well. Charles Czeisler, a sleep specialist at Brigham you"ll see similar effects if you simply sleep too little each night over time. For the first time, new research has attempted to put some numbers on the link between more Zzzs and more Benjamins. Matthew Gibson, graduate researcher in the economics department of the University of California, San Diego, compared wage data with sleep times recorded in the U.S. Census Bureau"s American Time Use Survey. His conclusion: For those who are sleeping too little, "a onehour increase in longrun average sleep increases wages by 16%, equivalent to more than a year of schooling." Adults need eight hours of sleep on average, experts say. There is some variation between individuals. But when we are tired, we find it much harder to think innovatively and to make creative leaps, say researchers. We find it harder to adapt our thinking to new information or to learn new lessons. Consider: At England"s Loughborough University in 1999, researchers Yvonne Harrison tested the effects of sleep deprivation on a small group of healthy young participants. They were given complex business-situation tasks in the form of a game, as well as some critical reading tasks. Those who went short on sleep were able to keep up with the reading, they found. But when it came to the complex game, "their play collapsed," they Reported. A．agrees that sleep deprivation brings bad effects to investment. B．holds that adults need an average of 8 hours" sleep. C．believes that lack of sleep diminishes your performance. D．thinks it is difficult for people lacking sleep to take up creative work. E．points out the relation between sleep time and American dollars. F．is well known for very little sleep. G．maintains that sleep can rest the brain, and let the brain do other important tasks.

填空题______is the term used in linguistics to describe the relationship between a particular style of language and its context of use.

填空题India gained ______ from Britain in 1947． 1947年印度脱离英国统治获得独立。

填空题with the view of, out, draw your attention to, in, requested, somewhat, somehow, that, conform to, avoid, turn out, make out Dear Sirs, We thank you for your telegram duplicating your order of October 12 for 500 doz．Rubber Shoes. Although the prevailing quotations are (1) higher, we win accept the order on the same terms as before (2) encouraging business. As (3) in your previous letter, we have made (4) our Sales Confirmation No．300 (5) duplicate and shall thank you to send back one copy duly countersigned. We are glad to know that a letter of credit will be established in our favour immediately．However we would like to (6) the fact (7) the stipulations in the relative credit should strictly (8) the terms in our sales confirmation in order to (9) subsequent cable amendments. We appreciate your cooperation and trust that the shipment which is to be dispatched after receipt of the relative letter of credit, will (10) to your entire satisfaction.Yours faithfully,

填空题Translate the following passages into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet．(北京外国语大学2010研，考试科目：翻译理论与实践)An effort on the scale of the Apollo mission that sent men to the Moon is needed if humanity is to have a fighting chance of surviving the ravages of climate change. The stakes are high, as, without sustainable growth, "billions of people will be condemned to poverty and much of civilization will collapse". This is the stark warning from the biggest single report to look at the future of the planet. According to the report, the effects of climate change are worsening—by 2025 there could be three billion people without adequate water as the population rises still further. And massive urbanization, increased encroachment on animal territory, and concentrated livestock production could trigger new pandemics.Nevertheless, there are answers to our global challenges although decisions are still not being made on the scale necessary to address them. Three great transitions would help both the world economy and its natural environment— to shift as much as possible from freshwater agriculture to saltwater agriculture: produce healthier meat without the need to grow animals: and replace gasoline cars with electric cars.(Excerpt from The Planet"s Future by Jonathan Owen)

填空题Not paying attention to anything his colleagues say, he ______ (frequency) doesn't know what's happening in the company.

填空题The insurance under the PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses is classified into three conditions: ______, ______ and ______.