问答题Psychologists once believed that the motive that caused men to strive to attain high-level managerial positions was the "need for achievement". But now they believe it is the "need for power". Power seekers strive hard to reach positions where they can exercise authority over large numbers of people. (46) Individual performers who lack this drive are not likely to advance far up the managerial ladder. They usually scorn company politics and devote their energies to other types of activities. The power game is part of management, and it is played best by those who enjoy it most. (47) One of the least rational acts of business organizations is that of hiring managers who have a high need to exercise authority, and then teaching them that authoritative methods are wrong and that they should be consultative or participative. (48) It is a serious mistake to teach managers that they should adopt styles that are inconsistent with their unique personalities. Yet this is precisely what a large number of business organizations are doing; and it explains, in part, why their management development programs are not effective. (49) What managerial aspirants should be taught is how to exercise their authority in a way that is appropriate to the situation and the people involved. They need to learn that the real source of their power is their own knowledge and skill, and the strength of their own personalities, not the authority conferred on them by their positions. When they lack the knowledge or skill required to perform the work, they need to know how to share their authority. (50) But when they know what has to be done and have the skill and personality to get it done, they must exercise their traditional authority in whatever way is necessary.

问答题The House of the Seven Gables

问答题体制创新

问答题For the following words, state the conditions under which the different forms of the past tense appear. What determines whether /t/, /d/, or /id/ is used? What distinctive features define conditioning environment? (南开大学2004研)1. crushed 2. heaped 3. kicked 4. pitted5. deeded 6. bagged 7. killed 8. nabbed9. thrived 10. breathed 11. turned 12. hissed13. plowed 14. climbed 15. singed 16. hanged17. cinched 18. played 19. hated 20. branded

问答题我们一到山顶就坐下休息。

问答题我已了解清楚了，她的结论是以事实为根据的。

问答题心理学家证实了作家们一直以来的信念：书籍的确是梦的素材。 一项调查表明，读爱丽丝或罗琳的作品的人比钻研十字军东征史的人更容易做怪梦，而小说爱好者的梦带有更强烈的感情色彩，其中包含的奇异事件也多。 调查还发现读恐怖小说的人并不一定会多做噩梦，而喜欢科幻小说的人却更容易带着一身冷汗惊醒。 按照威尔士大学的马克的说法，这项研究可能是考察梦与现实之间的关系的第一次实验。马克博士和他的同事发出了10万份关于睡眠形态与阅读趣味的调查问卷并收到了超过1万份回复。他们发现成人中有58%做过至少一次这样的梦：在梦中他们知道自己在做梦。他们还发现女性能比男性更记得梦境。老年人的梦似乎更少一些，也更少做噩梦。大约44%的孩子说他们正在阅读的书籍影响到了他们的梦境。 马克博士说：“报称正在读吓人书籍的孩子做噩梦的次数三倍于那些没读的孩子。”

问答题Performatives

问答题As a trainer, what exactly motivates you to get up and go to work each morning? Is it money, recognition, affiliation or something else? As a career coach, I often encounter people who've run our of steam professionally or who've become plateaued or pigeonholed in their organizations. Still others have limited self-images of what they can achieve, an image often shaped by a boss or an organization. (1) I believe the key m personal effectiveness at work (and to job satisfaction also) is knowing what motivates us to perform at our best It's then up to us to seek opportunities to fulfill these motivations. When a job no longer motivates us, it's time to move on. Jobs have lifecycles, so take stock of where you are and decide if that's where you want to be. Consider the following. Do you enjoy what you do? Nobody's excited about their job all the time, but you need to derive something from the work each day if you're going to perform effectively. And money usually isn't a motivator. We're motivated by the desire to do good, to be effective, to connect with others, to be creative, or to make a difference. What really lights your fire? Have you gotten away from that in your work? You may have, yet not even know it. Does your organization want you to realize your full potential? I believe many organizations lack the competence to develop or even keep good people. I've seen too many cases of individuals sent packing from organizations because they were more talented than their boss could stand, or because they did not always play by the company rules. (2) Also, prejudice and chauvinism still exist in the workplace. While we like to think women managers have achieved parity with men, this isn't true. The glass (some say concrete) ceiling still exists in many places. So, if you're a minority, consider how this is affecting your advancement chances. Don't be bitter, but do get busy. It may be time to get out and find something better. Feel plateaued or pigeonholed in your job? Then look for ways to make your job a "learning ground". Explore those informal, "out-of-the-box" ways we can keep growing professionally, even if we're suffering from a career slump, working for a tyrant, or "trapped" in a job that doesn't fully use our talents. For example, find a way to increase responsibility at work (and in so doing, acquire some experience you've been longing to add to your resume). Or, eager to be published? Then, write an article for a professional journal. Time to polish your oratorical skills? Speak at a professional conference or serve on the speaker's committee for your local ASTD Chapter. (3) There are always ways to leverage your professional experience, even if mat experience has been unpleasant. I know people who've written articles about sexual harassment based on their own negative experiences, then become stars on the speaking circuit because of it. Others have become consultants, specializing in areas they developed while employed by others.

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawing,2)interpretitsmeaning,and3)giveyourcommentonit.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Your company intends to purchase some car parts. Now it has received a fax offer (传真报价单). Write a letter to the sales department of a car parts company to express your: 注: Should this transaction prove to be successful是虚拟条件句的省略形式，也可以写为If this transaction should prove to be successful。 1) thanks for the fax offer, 2) willingness to accept all the terms except price, and 3) request of reduction in price. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Please read the following poem and make comments in about 300 words.(50 points)Death the LevelerThe glories of our blood and stateAre shadows, not substantial things;There is no armor against Fate;Death lays his icy hand on kings;Sceptre and CrownMust tumble down,And in the dust be equal madeWith the poor crooked scythe and spade.Some men with swords may reap the field,And plant fresh laurels where they kill:But their strong nerves at last must yield;They tame but one another still;Early or lateThey stoop to fate,And must give up their murmuring breathWhen they, pale captives creep to death.The garlands wither on your brow;Then boast no more your mighty deeds!Upon Death"s purple altar nowSee where the victor-victim bleeds.Your heads must come To the cold tomb:Only the actions of the just Smell sweet and blossom in their dust.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}ThegraphsbelowshowthetypesofmusicalbumspurchasedbypeopleinBritainaccordingtosexandage.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.Youshouldwriteabout160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Categorize the following pairs: child - kid, alive - dead, big - small, husband - wife.

问答题Inthissection,youarerequiredtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Inyourwriting,youshould1．interpretthetableand2．giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.AverageDistanceinMilesTravelledperPersonperYear,byModeofTravel

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Title: {{B}}Beijing To Host 2008 Olympic Games{{/B}} {{B}}Outline:{{/B}} 1. Beijing submitted applications to the International Olympic Committee. 2. Why does Beijing want to host 2008 Olympic Games? 3. Beijing should make further effort. You should write about 160 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Back-formation(四川大学2008研；北外2010研)

问答题In order to control and reduce environmental pollution caused by discarded waste electronic information products, save resources and promote sustainable development of the electronic information industry, according to the provision of the Administration on the Control of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products, the electronic information products sold in the market within the territory of China shall satisfy with the following requirements: the environmental protection materials，technologies and processes shall be introduced according to the national standards or sectoral standards；the safe-use life，names and contents of toxic and harmful substances contained therein and recovery marks shall be clearly indicated Off the products． non-toxic，harmless，readily degradable and recyclable materials shall be used as the packaging materials，and the materials ingredients of the packaging shall be clearly marked．