填空题________ is the ordinary act we perform when we speak, i

填空题(Police) were sent to disperse the crowds but ended up (by shooting) down protesters and it was in (this) chaos that the seeds of political liberation were (sown).A. policeB. by shootingC. thisD. sown

填空题Just under a year ago, a sharp drop in equatorial Pacific sea-surface temperature indicated the end of the 1997~1998 E1 Nino. Called by someone "the climate event of the century", it was by several measures the strongest on record. (41)______.This is more than simply an academic question: the 1997~1998 E1 Nino severely disrupted global weather patterns and Pacific marine ecosystems, and by one estimate caused ＄033 billion in damage and cost 23,000 lives worldwide. (42)______.Clearly we have much to learn from this experience. (43)______.Now E1 Nino more generally refers to a warming of the tropical Pacific basin that occurs roughly every three to seven years in association with a weakening of the trade winds. The opposite side of El Nino, La Nina, is characterized by stronger-than-normal trade winds and unusually cold sea-surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific. Both E1 Nino and La Nina are accompanied by swings in atmospheric pressure between the eastern and western Pacific. These swings are known as the Southern Oscillation. These phenomena are collectively referred to as ENSO or E1 Nino/Southern Oscillation. The general mechanisms underlying the ENSO involve large-scale ocean-atmosphere interactions and equatorial ocean dynamics. But each El Nino and La Nina is unique in the combination of its strength, duration and pattern of development. Irregularity in the ENSO cycle can be seen both in the record dating back to the middle of the 19th century, and in other supporting data, such as lake sediments, coral growth rings and tree rings, going back hundreds or even thousands of years. (44)______. Nonetheless, the 1997~1998 E1 Nino was an unusual one. It developed so rapidly that every month between June and December 1997 set a new monthly record high for sea-surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Anomalies (that is, deviations from normal) in December 1997 were the highest ever recorded along the Equator in the eastern Pacific. Moreover, before 1997~ 1998, the previous record-setting E1 Nino occurred in 1982~1983. (45)______. Several factors may have contributed to the strength of the 1997~1998 E1 Nino. One is chaos, which some theories invoke to account for the irregularity of the ENSO cycle. Nonlinear resonances involving ENSO and the seasonal cycle have received special attention, but other chaotic interactions may affect ENSO as well. In 1997~1998, events possibly acted together to produce an extraordinarily strong E1 Nino simply due to the underlying tendency towards chaos in the elimate system.[A] So in principle, it should not be surprising that an unusually strong E1 Nino occurs ever so often.[B] Identifying why it was so strong challenges our understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for E1 Nino.[C] From that perspective, the strength of the 1997~1998 E1 Nino may be but one manifestation of a linkage between interannual and decadal climate variations in the Pacific.[D] These two "super E1 Ninos" were separated by only 15 years, compared with a typical 30~40 year gap between such events earlier in the 20th century.[E] E1 Nino, Spanish for "the child" (and specifically the Christ child), is the name Peruvian fisherman gave to coastal sea-temperature warnings that first appeared around Christmas time.[F] There were warnings of a coming E1 Nino before it occurred. But although many computer forecast models predicted that 1997 would be warm in the tropical Pacific up to three seasons in advance, none predicted the rapid development or ultimate intensity of the event before it began.[G] In association with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, sea-surface temperatures have generally been higher in the tropical Pacific from the Mid-1970s. Since then, there have been more E1 Ninos than La Ninas.

填空题Everyman in this country has the right to live where he wants to, ______ (regard) of the color of his skin.

填空题Washington Irvings ________ is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow steps outside the mainstream of lifehe goes to sleep before the War of Independence and wakes up after it, which reveals the narrators conservative attitude toward changes

填空题That day we received the order to repair the bridge that had been blown ________ the previous night by the enemy

填空题41. Two types of stress: There are basically two types of stress placed on human beings--physical and mental. 42. Effects of stress--physical or emotional: Whether physical or emotional in origin, stress causes the body to react in the same way. 43. Guilty--useful, though most harmful: Probably the most harmful of all the stresses is guilt. 44. Instances no need to feel guilty: However, many of us as children learned rules that we no longer need. No one is perfect: Guilt and the worry that often accompanies this major stress are difficult to eradicate, but people subject to excessive guilt feelings should realize, as simple as it sounds, that no one is perfect. People cannot always be cheerful and helpful to every one they meet. Another good lesson is that mistakes should be forgotten, not lingered over and brought out to examine periodically. 45. Life with a little stress--significant: A life without stress, such as retirement with nothing to do, would be boring.[A] Fat adults should no longer feel guilty about leaving a little food on the plate, a successful businessman need not feel guilty about spending a little too much money on a vacation, nor should he feel guilty that he can combine a business trip to the West Coast with some swimming and golf at an ocean resort. But many people do feel guilty over such apparently innocent actions. Excessive guilt can sour all of life and make life not worth living; it can also cause self-hatred as well as other fears and anxieties that cause all life's successes to be bittersweet, at best.[B] Stress from physical activity, if not carried too far, is actually beneficial. Exercise relaxes you and may help forget about mental and emotional stress. But mental stress is almost always bad for you. If mental stress is unrelieved, it can actually cause diseases such as ulcers, migraine headaches, heart problems, or mental illness.[C] Just as we need a little guilt--to keep us correct and a little worry--to make us plan ahead--we need a little stress to stay interested in life. But when stress begins to bother you, you might as well change your routine. Take your mind off your worries with some physical activity; you may discover a solution you have overlooked before.[D] Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.[E] Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities, others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties.[F] In the first stage, your body prepares to meet the stress. The heartbeat and respiration rates increase, and the pupils of the eyes dilate; the blood sugar level increases, and the rate of perspiration speeds up, while digestion slows down as blood and muscular activity is diverted elsewhere. In the second stage, your body returns to normal and repairs any damage caused by the stressful situation. However, if stress continues, the body cannot repair itself, and the final stage, exhaustion, then begins. If this stage continues, if for example you are frustrated by your work and continue to be frustrated for a long time, physical or emotional damage will occur. These stages of stress reaction are always the same, whether the stress is caused by a cross-country run, a first date, buying a house, or narrowly missing an automobile accident.[G] This common emotion is useful to have when it helps us to realize that we have, in fact, committed some error, violated our own rules or social rules. If we did not feel guilty, we would never do anything except the things that brought us immediate pleasure-- we'd never obey the law, work, exercise, or even study in school, unless we wanted to do so in the first place. As a person's conscience develops, guilt feelings become inevitable; guilt is the sorrow we experience when we know we have done something incorrect.

填空题Industrial safety does not just happen

填空题________, the technical name for inclusiveness sense relation, is a matter of class membership

填空题[A]Forexample,theUnitedStatesisamajorconsumerofcoffee,yetitdoesnothavetheclimatetogrowanyofitsown.Consequently,theUnitedStatesmustimportcoffeefromcountries(suchasBrazil,ColombiaandGuatemala)thatgrowcoffeeefficiently.Ontheotherhand,theUnitedStateshaslargeindustrialplantscapableofproducingavarietyofgoods,suchaschemicalsandairplanes,whichcanbesoldtonationsthatneedthem.Ifnationstradeditemforitem,suchasoneautomobilefor10,000bagsofcoffee,foreigntradewouldbeextremelycumbersomeandrestrictive.Soinsteadofbarter,whichisthetradeofgoodswithoutanexchangeofmoney,theUnitedStatesreceivesmoneyinpaymentforwhatitsells.ItpaysforBraziliancoffeewithdollars,whichBrazilcanthenusetobuywoolfromAustralia,whichinturncanbuytextilesfromGreatBritain,whichcanthenbuytobaccofromtheUnitedStates.[B]Foreigntradealsooccursbecauseacountryoftendoesnothaveenoughofaparticularitemtomeetitsneeds.AlthoughtheUnitedStatesisamajorproducerofsugar,itconsumesmorethanitcanproduceinternallyandthusmustimportsugar.[C]Foreigntrade,theexchangeofgoodsbetweennations,takesplaceformanyreasons.Thefirst,asmentionedaboveisthatnonationhasallofthecommoditiesthatitneeds.Rawmaterialsarescatteredaroundtheworld.LargedepositsofcopperareminedinPeruandZaire,diamondsareminedinSouthAfricaandpetroleumisrecoveredintheMiddleEast.Countriesthatdonothavetheseresourceswithintheirownboundariesmustbuyfromcountriesthatexportthem.[D]Intoday'scomplexeconomicworld,neitherindividualsnornationsareself-suffi-cient.Nationshaveutilizeddifferenteconomicresources;peoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills.Thisisthefoundationofworldtradeandeconomicactivity.Asaresultofthistradeandactivity,internationalfinanceandbankinghaveevolved.[E]Finally,foreigntradetakesplacebecauseofinnovationorstyle.EventhoughtheUnitedStatesproducesmoreautomobilesthananyothercountry,itstillimportslargenumbersofautosfromGermany,JapanandSweden,primarilybecausethereisamarketforthemintheUnitedStates.[F]Formostnations,exportsandimportsarethemostimportantinternationalactivity.Whennationsexportmorethantheyimport,theyaresaidtohaveafavorablebalanceoftrade.Whentheyimportmorethantheyexport,anunfavorablebalanceoftradeexists.Nationstrytomaintainafavorablebalanceoftrade,whichassuresthemofthemeanstobuynecessaryimports.[G]Third,onenationcansellsomeitemsatalowercostthanothercountries.Japanhasbeenabletoexportlargequantitiesofradiosandtelevisionsetsbecauseitcanproducethemmoreefficientlythanothercountries.ItischeaperfortheUnitedStatestobuythesefromJapanthantoproducethemdomestically.Accordingtoeconomictheory,Japanshouldproduceandexportthoseitemsfromwhichitderivesacomparativeadvantage.Itshouldalsobuyandimportwhatitneedsfromthosecountriesthathaveacomparativeadvantageinthedesireditems.Order:

填空题The disjunction in logic corresponds to the English or

填空题Guest: I'm afraid I've got to go now.Host: ______

填空题The escapees came out of the woods with their hands______top of their heads.

填空题The sales clerk asked if I was looking for anything________ particular

填空题As long as you keep up your English study, you'll certainly make greater progress.

填空题[A] Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, and their simultaneous impact upon many groups of people. The point of learning is to share it, whether with students or with colleagues; one presumes that only eccentrics have no interest in being credited with a startling discovery, or a new technique. It must also have been reassuring to know that other people in other parts of the world were about to make the same discovery or were thinking along the same lines, and that one was not quite alone, confronted by inquisition, ridicule or neglect.[B] Scholars and students have always been great travelers. The case for “academic mobility” is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, but it is certainly nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go abroad in search of the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold.[C] Apart from the vehicle itself, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought about the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative and require no further mention: there are far more centers of learning, and a far greater number of scholars and students.[D] But as the specializations have increased in number and narrowed in range, there had been an opposite movement towards interdisciplinary Studies. These owe much to the belief that one cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world, and by recent advances in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline. This trend has led to a great deal Of academic contact between disciplines, and a far greater emphasis on the pooling of specialist knowledge, reflected in the broad subjects chosen in many international conferences.[E] Frequently these specializations lie in areas where very rapid developments are taking place, and also where the research needed for developments is extremely costly and takes a long time. It is precisely in these areas that the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise appear most evident. Associated with this is the growth of specialist periodicals, which enable scholars to become aware of what is happening in different centers of research and to meet each other in conferences and symposia. From these meetings come the personal relationships which are at, the bottom of almost all formalized schemes of cooperation, and provide them with their most satisfactory stimulus.[F] In the twentieth century, and particularly in the last 20 years, the old footpaths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. The vehicle which has made this possible has of course been the aeroplane, making contact between scholars even in the most distant places immediately feasible, and providing for the very rapid transmission of knowledge.[G] In addition one must recognize the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, particularly in the sciences, which by widening the total area of advanced studies has produced an enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined. These people would work in some isolation if they were not able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries. (作图)

填空题If you think the plan is ______ (accept) you should do it according to the plan right now.

填空题________ refers to the role language plays in communication (e

填空题The small, local labor organizations of the first half of the (nineteenth) century were (influentially) in (calling) attention to the (extremely) long working day.A. nineteenthB. influentiallyC. callingD. extremely

填空题appeal associate bet deny educate feature independent refresh stump usage