问答题 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should: 1) describe the drawing briefly, 2) explain its intended meaning, and then 3) offer your suggestion (s). You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Directions: For this part, you"re required to write a composition on the topic On the Low-carbon Life. You should write at least 120 words, and your composition should be based on the outline given in Chinese below. Outline: (1)目前人们很崇尚低碳生活； (2)低碳生活的重要性； (3)怎样创建低碳生活。

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Opinion polls are now beginning to show that whoever is to blame, and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely. But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to threat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work? The industrial age has Been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs. 46){{U}}The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought max have to be reversed{{/U}}. This seems a daunting(令人气馁的)thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has no meant economic freedom. 47){{U}}Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and the 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves{{/U}}. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes. 48){{U}}Later t as transport improved, first by rail and then by boat, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived{{/U}}. Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes. It was not only women whose work status suffered. 49){{U}}As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded-a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives{{/U}}. All this may now have to change. 50){{U}}The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs{{/U}}.

问答题 Exactly where we will stand in the long war against disease by the year 2050 is impossible to say. {{U}}(46)But if developments in research maintain their current pace, it seems likely that a combination of improved attention to dietary and environmental factors, along with advances in gene therapy and protein targeted drugs, will have virtually eliminated most major classes of disease.{{/U}} From an economic standpoint, the best news may be that these accomplishments could be accompanied by a drop in health-care costs. (47){{U}}Costs may even fall as diseases are brought under control using pinpointed, short term therapies now being developed.{{/U}} By 2050 there will be fewer hospitals, and surgical procedures will be largely restricted to the treatment of accidents and other forms of trauma. Spending on nonacute care, both in nursing facilities and in homes, will also fall sharply as more elderly people lead healthy lives until close to death. One result of medicine's success in controlling disease will be a dramatic increase in life expectancy. (48){{U}} The extent of that increase is a highly speculative matter, but it is worth that medical science has already helped to make the very old (currently defined as those over 85 years of age) the fastest growing segment of the population .{{/U}} Between 1960 and 1995, the U. S. population as a whole increased by about 45%, while the segment over 85 years of age grew by almost 300% . (49){{U}}There has been a similar explosion in the population of centenarians, with the result that survival to the age of 100 is no longer the newsworthy feat that it was only a few decades ago.{{/U}} U. S. Census Bureau projections already forecast dramatic increase in the number of centenarians in the next 50 years: 4 million in 2050, compared with 37,000 in 1990. (50){{U}}Although Census Bureau calculations project an increase in average life span of only eight yeas by the year 2050, some exerts believe that the human life span should not begin to encounter any theoretical natural limits before 120 years.{{/U}} With continuing advances in molecular medicine and a growing understanding of the aging process, that limit could rise to 130 years or more.

问答题PDA

问答题Blog(中山大学2011年研)

问答题一位负责扶贫工作的官员说，到2(X)4年底，尽管大多数贫困人口将解决温饱问题，还将有一些生活极端贫困的人们，他们还需要政府资助。此外，对于那些刚刚脱贫的人们，他们目前的生活状况必须改善，因为他们的生产和生活状况没有从根本上被改变。如果遭受自然灾害的袭击，就可能回到原来的贫困状况。另外，现在的贫困线标准非常低，要使全体中国人过更好的生活，长期的艰苦斗争将必不可少。 2．中国的饮食方式正在发生许多变化。众所周知，中国的饮食文化具有悠久的历史。人们采用肉、蔬菜、豆制品等能做出各种美味食品，但往往耗时多。这一点与快节奏的现代社会极不相符。如今我们有了许多不同的选择：除传统家常菜外，还有营养保健配餐和方便可口的快餐食品。由于午休时间短，人们不愿在吃上花时间，因而各种快捷、便宜的快餐成了人们，特别是年轻人的首选。

问答题Winston Churchill, who fought on the Afghan border in 1897. warned of the dangers of peacekeeping among the Pathans, and of mixing politics and war (46) "Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation enjoins a temporary pause, the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fort...with battlements, turrets [and] drawbridges` Every village has its defence. Every family cultivates its hate; every clan. its feud. "The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid...(47)The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water are fertile en0ught9 yield with little labour the material requirements of a small population. "Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the breech-loading rifle and the British government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second a continuous trouble. The convenience of the breech-loading, and still more of the magazine rifle, was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. (48) A weapon which would kill with accuracy au fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new scene of delights to every family or clan which could acquire it. One could actually remain in one's own house and fire at one's neighbour nearly a mile away... "The action of the British government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organising, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a' monstrous spoil-sport. "No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come. had a fight and then gone away again...But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys...All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another. and, above all, not m shoot at travellers along the road. (49)It was too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source. "The Political Officers who accompanied the force...were very unpopular with the army officers... (50)They were accused of the severe crime of 'shilly-shallying', which being interpreted means doing everything you possibly can before you shoot. We had with us a very brilliant political officer...who was much disliked because he always stopped military operations. Just when we were looking forward to having a splendid fight and all-the guns were loaded and everyone keyed up, [he] would come along and put a stop to it./

问答题Directions : You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic "Credit Cards". Your composition should be based on the Chinese clues given below. 1．越来越多的人使用信用卡，信用卡有哪些好处 2．信用卡的弊端 3．你自己的观点

问答题阳历

问答题Illegal foreign exchange transaction

问答题"I"ve been expecting you!" Marek repeated, when he had seated his guest in a comfortable leather chair. Nothing on earth would have induced Bondy to own up to his vision of the fallen inventor. "Just fancy!" he said, with a rather forced gaiety. "What a coincidence! It struck me only this very morning that we hadn"t seen each other for twenty years. Twenty years, Rudy, think of it!" "Hm," said Marek. "And so you want to buy my invention." "Buy it?" said G. H. Bondy hesitatingly. "I really don"t know... I haven"t even given it a thought. I wanted to see you and—" "Oh, come, you needn"t pretend," Marek interrupted him. "I knew that you were coming. You"d be sure to, for a thing like this. This kind of invention is just in your line. There"s a lot to be done with it. " He made an eloquent motion with his hand, coughed, and began again more deliberately. "The invention I am going to show you means a bigger revolution in technical methods than Wart"s invention of the steam-engine. To give you its nature briefly, it provides, putting it theoretically, for the complete utilization of atomic energy." Bondy concealed a yawn. "But tell me, what have you been doing all these twenty years?" Marek glanced at him with some surprise. "Modem science teaches that all matter—that is to say, its atoms—is composed of a vast number of units of energy. An atom is in reality a collection of electrons, i. e. of the tiniest particles of electricity." "That"s tremendously interesting," Bondy broke in. "I was always weak in physics, you know. But you"re not looking well, Marek. By the way, how did you happen to come by this playth. , this, er... factory?" "I? Oh, quite by accident. I invented a new kind of filament for electric bulbs... But that"s nothing; I only came upon it incidentally. You see, for twenty years I"ve been working on the combustion of matter. Tell me yourself, Bondy, what is the greatest problem of modern industry?" "Doing business," said Bond. "And are you married yet?" "I"m a widower," answered Marek, leaping up excitedly. "No, business has nothing to do with it, I tell you. It"s combustion. The complete utilization of the heat-energy contained in matter! Just consider that we use hardly one hundred-thousandth of the heat that there is in coal, and that could be extracted from it! Do you realize that?" "Yes, coal is terribly dear!" said Mr. Bondy sapiently. Marek sat down and cried disgustedly, "Look here, if you haven"t come here about my Karburator, Bondy, you can go. " "Go ahead, then," Bondy returned, anxious to conciliate him. Marek rested his head in his hands, and after a struggle came out with, "For twenty years I"ve been working on it, and now—now, I"ll sell it to the first man who comes along! My magnificent dream! The greatest invention of all the ages! Seriously, Bondy, I tell you, it"s something really amazing." "No doubt, in the present wretched state of affairs," assented Bondy. "No, without any qualification at all, amazing. Do you realize that it means the utilization of atomic energy without any residue whatever?" "Aha," said Bondy. "So we"re going to do our heating with atoms. Well, why not? ... You"ve got a nice place here, Rudy. Small and pleasant. How many hands do you employ?" Marek took no notice. "You know," he said thoughtfully, "it"s all the same thing, whatever you call it—the utilization of atomic energy, or the complete combustion of matter, or the disintegration of matter. You can call it what you please." "I"m in favor of "combustion"!" said Mr. Bondy. "It sounds more familiar." "But "disintegration" is more exact—to break up the atoms into electrons, and harness the electrons and make them work. Do you understand that?" "Perfectly," Bondy assured him. "The point is to harness them!" "Well, imagine, say, that there are two horses at the ends of a rope, pulling with all their might in opposite directions. Do you know what you have then?" "Some kind of sport, I suppose," suggested Mr. Bondy. "No, a state of repose. The horses pull, but they stay where they are. And if you were to cut the rope—" "—The horses would fall over," cried G. H. Bondy, with a flash of inspiration. "No, but they would start running; they would become energy released. Now, pay attention. Matter is a team in that very position. Cut the bonds that hold its electrons together, and they will..." "Run loose!" "Yes, but we can catch and harness them, don"t you see? Or put it to yourself this way: we burn a piece of coal, say, to produce heat. We do get a little heat from it, but we also get ashes, coal-gas, and soot. So we don"t lose the matter altogether, do we?" "No. —Won"t you have a cigar?" "No, I won"t. —But the matter which is left still contains a vast quantity of unused atomic energy. If we used up the whole of the atomic energy, we should use up the whole of the atoms. In short, the matter would vanish altogether. " "Aha! Now I understand." "It"s just as though we were to grind corn badly—as if we ground up the thin outer husk and threw the rest away, just as we throw away ashes. When the grinding is perfect, there"s nothing or next to nothing left of the grain, is there? In the same way, when there is perfect combustion, there"s nothing or next to nothing left of the matter we burn. It"s ground up completely. It is used up. It returns to its original nothingness. You know, it takes a tremendous amount of energy to make matter exist at all. Take away its existence, compel it not to be, and you thereby release an enormous supply of power. That"s how it is, Bondy. " "Aha. That"s not bad." "Pflüger, for instance, calculates that one kilogramme of coal contains twenty-three billions of calories. I think that Pflüger exaggerates." "Decidedly." "l have arrived at seven billions myself, theoretically. But even that signifies that one kilogramme of coal, if it underwent complete combustion, would run a good-sized factory for several hundred hours!" "The devil it does!" cried Mr. Bondy, springing from his chair. "I can"t give you the exact number of hours. I"ve been burning half a kilogramme of coal for six weeks at a pressure of thirty kilogrammetres and, man alive," said the engineer in a whisper, turning pale, "it"s still going on... and on... and on." Bondy was embarrassed; he stroked his smooth round chin. "Listen, Marek," he began, hesitatingly. "You"re surely.., er... a bit.., er... overworked." Marek"s hand thrust the suggestion aside. "Not a bit of it. If you"d only get up physics a bit, I could give you an explanation of my Karburator in which the combustion takes place. It involves a whole chapter of advanced physics, you know. But you"ll see it downstairs in the cellar. I shovelled half a kilogramme of coal into the machine, then I shut it up and had it officially sealed in the presence of witnesses, so that no one could put any more coal in. Go and have a look at it for yourself—go on—go now! You won"t understand it, anyway, but—go down to the cellar! Go on down, man, I tell you!" "Won"t you come with me?" asked Bondy in astonishment. "No, you go alone. And... I say, Bondy... don"t stay down there long." "Why not?" asked Bondy, growing a trifle suspicious. "Oh, nothing much. Only I have a notion that perhaps it"s not quite healthy down there. Turn on the light, the switch is just by the door. That noise down in the cellar doesn"t come from my machine. It works noiselessly, steadily, and without any smell... The roaring is only a ventilator. Well, now, you go on. I"ll wait here. Then you can tell me..." Bondy went down the cellar steps, quite glad to be away from that madman for a while (quite mad, no doubt whatever about it) and rather worried as to the quickest means of getting out of the place altogether. Why, just look, the cellar had a huge thick reinforced door just like an armourplated safe in a bank. And now let"s have a light. The switch was just by the door. And there in the middle of the arched concrete cellar, clean as a monastery cell, lay a gigantic copper cylinder resting on cement supports. It was closed on all sides except at the top, where there was a grating bedecked with seals. Inside the machine all was darkness and silence. With a smooth and regular motion the cylinder thrust forth a piston which slowly rotated a heavy fly-wheel. That was all. Only the ventilator in the cellar window kept up a ceaseless rattle. Perhaps it was the draught from the ventilator or something—but Mr. Bondy felt a peculiar breeze upon his brow, and an eerie sensation as though his hair were standing on end; and then it seemed as if he were being borne through boundless space; and then as though he were floating in the air without any sensation of his own weight. G.H. Bondy fell on his knees, lost in a bewildering, shining ecstasy. He felt as if he must shout and sing, he seemed to hear about him the rustle of unceasing and innumerable wings. And suddenly someone seized him violently by the hand and dragged him from the cellar. It was Marek, wearing over his head a mask or a helmet like a diver"s, and he hauled Bondy up the stairs. Up in the room he pulled off his metal head-covering and wiped away the sweat that soaked his brow. "Only just in time," he gasped, showing tremendous agitation.

问答题"Hemingway Heroes"

问答题explicitation

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. In reading the pages of American Scientist, I have been struck by the stunning progress being made in science and engineering, new phenomena discovered, new materials synthesized, new methods developed. (46){{U}} What I see behind many of these exciting stories is the widespread and even revolutionary use of distributed intelligence that is made possible by the "wiring" of the scientific community.{{/U}} It is more than a time saver or a communication enhance; it is enabling us to think in new ways and its impact on society may be monumental. The term "information age" probably does not do justice to the possibilities of this emerging era. (47) {{U}}This is an age of "knowledge and distributed intelligence", in which knowledge is available to anyone, located anywhere, at any time; and in which power, information, and control are moving from centralized systems to individuals. {{/U}}This era calls for a new form of leadership and vision from the academic science and engineering community. We know from countless examples that the academic science and the engineering have enabled our society to make the most of new technologies. We wouldn't have today's advanced computer graphics systems if mathematicians hadn't been able to solve problems related to surface geometry. (48) {{U}}We wouldn't have networks capable of handling massive amounts of data if physicists and astronomers hadn't continuously forged tools to look more deeply into subatomic structures and the cosmos.{{/U}} Chemists' efforts to simulate complex phenomena and predict the properties of many electron systems have inspired massively parallel architectures for computing. And the information made available by the sequencing of the human genome has caused us to rethink how to store, manipulate, and retrieve data most effectively. (49){{U}} It will take new insights from studies of human cognition, linguistics, neurobiology, computing, and more to develop systems that truly augment our capacity to learn and create.{{/U}} The best may be yet to come. Despite brutally tight constraints on federal discretionary spending, President Clinton has stepped forward to champion a 3 percent increase (uncorrected for inflation) in the national 1998 budget. The president's request is only the first step in the congressional budget process ahead. (50) {{U}}Given that the priorities of Congress will almost certainly differ from those of the president, it will take an unprecedented level of input and commitment from the research community to ensure the investments in science and engineering.{{/U}}

问答题Many companies may be cutting expenses as much as possible, but arts sponsorship is doing better than ever. The trend is steadily upwards. Sponsorship overall now takes up perhaps $50 million, or three times as much as it did five years ago. Most of that may go on sport—but the spending on arts has risen the fastest of all and may now be worth $4 million a year. The extra help is easy to explain. Banks, insurance companies, the oil industry and tobacco firms provide three quarters of funds going into arts sponsorship. All four groups tend to be unpopular—which makes them all the keener to display their social concern and so build up some good will.

问答题What are image schemas? Give three examples of image schemas.

问答题{{B}} The Basis for Social Order{{/B}} Man, said Aristotle, is a social animal. This sociability requires peaceful congregation, and the history of mankind is mainly a movement through time of human collectivities that range from migrant tribal bands to large and complex civilizations. Survival has been due to the ability to create the means by which men in groups retain their unity and allegiance to one another. Order was caused by the need and desire to survive the challenge of the environment. This orderly condition called the "state", and the roles that maintained it, file "law". With time the partner to this tranquility, man marched across the centuries of his evolution to the brink of exploring the boundaries of his own galaxy. Of all living organisms, only man has the capacity to interpret his own evolution as progress. As social life changed, the worth and rights of each member in the larger group, of which he was a part, increased. As the groups grew from clans to civilizations, the value of the individual did not diminish, but became instead a guide to the rules that govern all men.

问答题Directions: You are going to take part in MBA exam. Write a letter of inquiry to the dean of Management School to inquire about: 1) the subjects to be examed; 2) the number of students to be enrolled; 3) other things you should pay attention to. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题To my great regret, your ideas turned out to be impractical.