问答题community-level democracy

问答题Essay question.The period 1820—1865 marked the development of the "American Renaissance" as a way of describing those years in terms of literary nationalism. Cite no less than two examples of works and discuss how they try to develop and represent a national character.

问答题Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay to 1) describe the picture, 2) deduce the purpose of the drawer of the picture, and 3) suggest counter-measures. You should write about 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题How do you understand "discreteness", a design feature of language'?

问答题Today, as millions of men and women of childbearing age and younger are surviving cancer, the question of reproduction is arising as a paramount consideration in planning treatment. 46)Among the issues are the ability to preserve fertility while curing, the disease and the safety of pregnancy for both mothers with cancer and their future children. In a continuing study of more than 20,000 survivors of childhood cancers, the two greatest concerns mentioned by former patients two and three decades later are "Can I have children?" and "If I have children, will they be healthy?" said Dr. Leslie Robison, an epidemiologist(流行病学)at the University of Minnesota Medical School, who directs the project involving 25 cancer centers. 47)"Today more than 75 percent of children with cancer are being cured, yet we know little about the side effects of treatment beyond the first 10 years." While some cancer treatments-drugs as well as radiation-can cause sterility(不育)or reduced fertility(生育能力)in men and women, preliminary evidence suggests that cancer therapy, in general, affects the ability to reproduce and to produce healthy children less than previously thought. 48)At the same rime? new ways are being devised to reduce the effects of cancer treatments on fertility and on pregnancies already in progress when a cancer is discovered. In the. first report on reproductive issues from the 25-center study, soon to be published in The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the researchers found that while higher rates of miscarriage(流产)and lower birth weights were observed among the offspring of former patients, "there are a large number of live births, births of healthy children, a lack of congenital (先天的)abnormalities and very low cancer rates," Dr. Robison said. Dr. Giuseppe Del Priore, direct6r of gynecologic oncology(妇产科肿瘤学) at Bellevue Hospital in New York, and his colleagues at the New York University School of Medicine noted in the January issue of Contemporary Ob/Gyn: 49)"Less than a generation ago, reproductive-aged women with cancer generally had little to hope for and even less to look forward to. But things have changed. Many cancers are no longer a death sentence. More and more women with cancer are now becoming pregnant and raising legitimate fertility concerns." Today, a doctor could tell Ms. Zea of Minnesota and other women like her that pregnancy is no longer ill-advised. 50 )Even women whose breast cancers are discovered during pregnancy should no longer be advised to terminate the pregnancy, because there are no data indicating a therapeutic benefit from such an abortion, the New York experts said. The estrogen(雌激素)produced m pregnancy is weaker than estrogen produced in other women and is less likely to stimulate breast cancer growth, even if the woman's tumor is estrogen-sensitive.

问答题Personal interviewing is usually used when the information needed is too complex to be gathered by another technique,

问答题Sethe(in Beloved)

问答题古代中国社会对私奔的情侣有一种严厉的惩罚。如果男子私奔被捉到，他会被从家庙中除名，拥有的土地被没收，而人则会被绑在门板上用木棍抽打直至重伤甚至死去。女子如果私奔被捉，或者是被休回家，或者被扔到井里淹死。如果女子出生名门，她则会被驱逐出家族的势力范围。不管私奔的是男子还是女子，家里人都会因此在邻里中“抬不起头”。

问答题Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the proper pace on your ANSWER SHEET. Topic: As a young scientist, which life would you prefer to live: common or uncommon? Why?

问答题Last Sunday, China's central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan said if necessary, the nation will consider widening the yuan's trading band. But any change in the yuan's floating band will depend on the global economic situation and it's not the only tool the country would use to make its currency more flexible, Zhou said at the Group of 20 meeting in Cape Town, South Africa. China widened the yuan's daily trading band against the U. S. dollar from plus or minus 0. 3 percent to 0.5 percent in May. However, market observers said some commercial banks are ordered by the central bank to hand in reserve requirements in foreign currencies next week, which will translate into demand for the U. S. dollar. This will somehow help slow down RMB's appreciation against the greenback in the coming few days.

问答题Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.

问答题Teach him gently, World, but don't spoil him, because only the test of fire makes fine steel.

问答题Scientists discovered that atoms of some substances are radioactive.

问答题《十面埋伏》(古曲)

问答题 1 Against the backdrop of the relative decline of Britain, whose GDP has slipped to the seventh place in the world, London is doing very well, being first or second to New York in most of the rankings of great cities. 2 London"s success over the past quarter-century has been the consequence of historical accident and good policy, which attracted smart professionals and the rich from all around the world. 3 They are not only better-qualified, younger and harder-working, but also brought in the flow of foreign money to London. Therefore, the author claims that London lives off foreigners. However, Britain does not much like foreigners. 4 British people, especially those who are not Londoners are pressuring their government to cut immigration and restrict students" right to work, which the author thinks is going to mar London"s brilliance and speed London and Britain"s relative decline. 5 Though London"s moment will inevitably pass because of the emerging market elsewhere. There are still a lot of things that London can do to slow down the process, such as investing in transportation. The least that it should is to discourage foreigners from coming, the author concludes.

问答题Please read the following article in Chinese carefully, and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that you cover all the major points of the article. 科学家说，在第一批艾滋病例被发现以后的20年里，他们对这种病毒性疾病的了解已超过其他任何一种病毒性疾病。但是，联合国艾滋病规划署的负责人彼得?皮奥和国际艾滋病学会会长罗马的斯特凡诺?韦拉及其他一些专家都认为，全面考察那些未决问题，可能对艾滋病和其他疾病治疗的进展是一项有益的举措。 这些较广泛的重要科学问题包括：为什么艾滋病使患者容易感染某些癌症和传染病? 一种传统的说法是，癌细胞在人体内不断繁殖，但受到健康免疫系统的控制。艾滋病的情况却不是这样。艾滋病人很容易患非何杰金氏淋巴瘤和卡波西氏肉瘤，但不易患在美国最常见的乳腺癌、结肠癌和肺癌等。这说明，受损的免疫系统(至少是艾滋病患者的免疫系统)可以抑制普通癌细胞的发展。 艾滋病病毒侵入人体后通过什么途径摧毁免疫系统? 当艾滋病病毒通过性接触传播时，病毒必须穿过组织屏障进入人体。这个过程目前尚不清楚。病毒可能直接侵入，或许由一系列不同种类的细胞带入。最终，艾滋病病毒穿过淋巴管到淋巴结和淋巴系统的其他部分。但病毒是如何摧毁人体内负责打击入侵传染体的CD一4细胞的，目前还无法确定。 艾滋病病毒是怎样破坏免疫系统的? 艾滋病病毒能杀死对付自己的免疫细胞，但艾滋病病毒携带者患艾滋病的快慢却大不相同。因此科学家提出问题：免疫系统中那些使人患艾滋病时间出现差异的因素能否被识别出来?如果能，它们能否用于制止艾滋病患者病情的恶化，甚至在最初就可能防止人们感染艾滋病病毒? 最有效的艾滋病疗法是什么? 从理论上来说，尽早治疗可以提供维护免疫功能的最佳时机。但是新药物无法彻底清除体内的艾滋病病毒，因此患者不得不终身服用这些具有危险副作用的药物，而且还可能在产生抗药性时改服别的药物。因此新的方法可能建议在免疫系统出现衰退迹象时才开始治疗。 可能研制出疫苗吗? 毫无疑问，一种有效的疫苗是控制这种瘟疫的关键。但是目前只有一种疫苗进入了全面检验的阶段，而对其会有多大的保护功能，却有着很大的争议。世界各地流行的艾滋病在遗传类型上各不相同，目前还不清楚，从某种艾滋病病毒获得的疫苗能否防止其他类型的艾滋病。 如果没有疫苗，能否阻止艾滋病病毒的传播? 如果没有深入集中的行为研究，仅靠宣传是无法阻止这种全球性瘟疫的。

问答题MT