填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet. A teacher is someone who communicates information or skill so that someone else may learn. Parents are the{{U}} (41) {{/U}}teachers. Just by living with their child and{{U}} (42) {{/U}}their everyday activities with him, they teach him their language, their values and their manners. Information and skills difficult or teach{{U}} (43) {{/U}}family living are taught in a school by a person{{U}} (44) {{/U}}special occupation is teaching. Before 1900 it{{U}} (45) {{/U}}widely assumed that a man was qualified to teach if he could read and write-and{{U}} (46) {{/U}}qualified if he knew arithmetic. With modest{{U}} (47) {{/U}}like these, it is no{{U}} (48) {{/U}}that teachers had low salaries and little prestige. Literature and history frequently portray teacher{{U}} (49) {{/U}}fools and ignoramuses. By the late 19th century, there were{{U}} (50) {{/U}}that the starts of teachers was slowly{{U}} (51) {{/U}}Great educators such as Mann and Henry Barnard, and innovative thinkers such as Dewey and Parker began to command a{{U}} (52) {{/U}}that in a few decades had to some{{U}} (53) {{/U}}permeated classrooms in the United States. Progress was more glacial than meteoric, however,{{U}} (54) {{/U}}the last half of the century. In the 20th century the starts of teachers rose as the standards{{U}} (55) {{/U}}their education rose. By 1950 the average teacher had an education that greatly exceeded that of the average citizen.

填空题Apart from the fickle weather, which caused disruption to the glamour of Alpine skiing events and some traffic snarl-ups brought about by huge number of spectators heading to the ski jump venue, the Games went like clockwork.

填空题A. With the drive of many women to strive to be equal with men, many women have chosen to work to prove themselves. While this is a worthy goal, it can be accomplished in more meaningful ways. With this desire to work like men do, women have sacrificed the family in their pursuit. Do not take this as an attack upon women, because men in their pursuit of wealth have equally sacrificed their family to gain wealth. B. Governments, too, should embrace the potential of women. Women complain (rightly) of centuries of exploitation. Yet, to an economist, women are not exploited enough: they are the world's most under-utilized resource; getting more of them into work is part of the solution to many economic woes, including shrinking populations and poverty. C. What is clear is that in countries such as Japan, Germany and Italy, which are all troubled by the demographics of shrinking populations, far fewer women work than in America, let alone Sweden. If female labor-force participation in these countries rose to American levels, it would give a helpful boost to these countries' growth rates. Likewise, in developing countries where girls are less likely to go to school than boys, investing in education would deliver huge economic and social returns. Not only will educated women be more productive, but they will also bring up better educated and healthier children. More women in government could also boost economic growth: studies show that women are more likely to spend money on improving health, education, infrastructure and poverty and less likely to waste it on tanks and bombs. D. Furthermore, the increase in female employment in the rich world has been the main driving force of growth in the past couple of decades. Those women have contributed more to global GDP growth than have either new technology or the new giants, China and India. Add the value of housework and child rearing, and women probably account for just over half of world output. It is true that women still get paid less and few make it to the top of companies, but as prejudice fades over coming years, women will have great scope to boost their productivity—and incomes. E. Girls get better grades at school than boys, and in most developed countries more women than men go to university. Women will thus be better equipped for the new jobs of the 21st century, in which brains count a lot more than brawn. In Britain far more women than men are now being trained to become doctors. And women are more likely to provide sound advice on investing their parents' nest egg: surveys show that women consistently achieve higher financial returns than men do. F. Some people fret that if more women work rather than mind their children, this will boost GDP but create negative social externalities, such as a lower birth rate. Yet developed countries where more women work, such as Sweden and America, actually have higher birth rates than Japan and Italy, where women stay at home. Others fear that women's move into the paid labor force can come at the expense of children. Yet the evidence for this is mixed. For instance, a study by Suzanne Bianchi at Maryland University finds that mothers spent the same time, on average, on childcare in 2009 as in 1965. The increase in work outside the home was offset by less housework—and less spare time and less sleep. G. Even today in the modem, developed world, surveys show that parents still prefer to have a boy rather than a girl. One longstanding reason why boys have been seen as a greater blessing has been that they are expected to become better economic providers for their parents' old age. Yet it is time for parents to think again. Girls may now be a better investment.

填空题Mary will leave home for her own life in the end, however, 在此期间 she still needs your support.

填空题Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel and as a result are most conveniently described in terms of______and manner of articulation.（北二外2004研)

填空题Nude packed goods Bulk commodities Consignee Country of origin

填空题The state of college students' mental health continues to decline. What's the solution? In the months before Massachusetts Institute of technology sophomore Elizabeth Shin died, she spoke with seven psychiatrists and one social worker. The psychiatrists diagnosed major depression; the therapist recommended hospitalization. Shin told a dean that she was cutting herself and let a professor know that she wanted to commit suicide. The housemaster of her dorm and two of her friends stayed up nights to watch her. But it wasn't enough. On April 10, 2000, Elizabeth Shin locked her dorm room door and set her clothes on fire. Four days later, she was dead. 41. Many colleges are running into thorny situation. Her parents, Kisuk and Cho Hyun Shin, filed suit against MIT, charging its employees with gross negligence and wrongful death. It's an extreme case, but it illustrates a problem facing many other schools, as more and more students line up at counseling centers requiring increasingly intensive therapy or medication—or both. 42. Students with substantial personality problems. The number of freshmen reporting less than average emotional health has been steadily rising since 1985, according to the newest data from an annual nationwide survey by the University of California-Los Angeles. Reasons for the decline of college students' mental health College therapists cite several reasons for the apparent deterioration in student mental health. Not only has this generation grown up in the much-maligned era of the disintegrating American family, it is also more used to therapy and so more likely to seek help. As competition to get into college gets tougher, students burn out before they even get there. And kids with severe psychological problems, who in the past wouldn't even have made it to college, now take psychotropic drugs that help them succeed. 43. The soaring number of visitors to college psychiatrists. Colleges first created counseling centers for students who needed career and academic advice, says Robert Gallagher, author of the counseling center survey and former director of the University of Pittsburghs' services. As psychological counseling took over, the centers' other advising functions were packed off to other parts of the campus. 44. Inadequacies of college therapy services. The ballooning caseloads mean there isn't the time or the staff to offer long-term therapy to any but the most troubled. "You can't just load up with the first 100 students and see them regularly without having openings for new people," says Gallagher. Instead, colleges focus on getting students over immediate crises. 45. What's the solution? Some schools have tried filling the gap by getting more involved in students' lives. The University of South Carolina, the University of Nevada-Reno, and Texas A 30 percent reported at least one student suicide on their campus last year.[C] "If a student tells you she took five extra pills over the weekend," says Gertrude Carter, director of psychological services at Bennington College in Vermont, "it's hard to tell if that's a grab for attention or an actual threat."[D] New statistics show that many freshmen arrive on campus depressed and anxious and feel worse as the year progresses. At the same time, colleges must also negotiate the legal and emotional pitfalls of caring for their charges, not children but not yet fully adults.[E] In response to the task force report, MIT is putting together support teams of physicians, other health-care professionals, and experienced counselors to spend time in the dorms, socializing with the students and keeping an eye on them.[F] One Yale student suffering from anxiety during his sophomore year rarely saw the same counselor twice. "It felt like the person I was talking to wasn't really there," he says. After five sessions, he stopped going. "I wouldn't want to go there again," he says, "but what else is there?"

填空题It is essential that we ________ informed of your plans in advance. (be)

填空题School counselors (are convinced) that it will be obligatory that everyone (must have) (some computer training) in order to (enter) the job market. A. are convinced B. must have C. some computer training D. enter

填空题 A. The consequence of losing bones B. A better lab than on earth C. Two different cases D. Multiple effects form weightlessness E. How to overcome weightlessness F. Factors that are not so sure During weightlessness, the forces within the body undergo dramatic change. Because the spine is no longer compressed, people grow taller. The lungs, heart and other organs within the chest have no weight, and as a result, the rib cage and chest relax and expand. Similarly, the weights of he liver, kidneys, stomach and bowels disappear. One astronaut said after his flight: "You feel our guts floating up. I found myself tightening my belly, sort of pushing things back." 41.______ Meanwhile muscles and bones come to be used in different ways. Our muscles are designed to support us when stand or sit upright and to move body parts. But in space, muscles used for support on the ground are no longer needed for that purpose; moreover, the muscles used for movement around a capsule differ from those used for walking down a hall. Consequently, some muscles rapidly weaken. This doesn't present a problem to space travelers as long as they perform only light work. But preventing the loss of muscle tissue required for heavy work during space walks and preserving muscle for safe return to Earth are the subject of many current experiments. Studies have shown that astronauts lose bone mass from the lower spine, hips and upper leg at a rate of about 1 percent per month for the entire duration of their time in space. Some sites, such as the heel, lose calcium faster than others. Studies of animals taken into space suggest that bone formation also declines. 42.______ Needless to say, these data are indeed cause for concern. During space flight, the loss of bone elevates calcium levels in the body, potentially causing kidney stones and calcium crystals to form in other tissues. Back on the ground, the loss of bone calcium stops within one month, but scientists do not yet know whether the bone recovers completely: too few people have flown in space for long periods. Some bone loss may be permanent, in which case ex-astronauts will always be more prone to broken bones. 43.______ These questions mirror those in our understanding of how the body works here on Earth. For example, elderly women are prone to a loss of bone mass. Scientists understand that many different factors can be involved in this loss, but they do not yet know how the factors act and interact; this makes it difficult to develop an appropriate treatment. So it is with bone loss in space, where the right prescription still awaits discovery. 44.______ Many other body systems are affected directly and indirectly. One example is the lung. Scientists have studied the lung in space and learned much they could not have learned in laboratories on earth. On the ground the top and bottom parts of the lung have different patterns of air flow and blood flow. But are these patterns the result only of gravity, or also of the nature of the lung itself? Only recently have studies in space provided clear evidence for the latter. Even in the absence of gravity, different parts of the lung have different levels of air flow and blood flow. 45.______ Not everything that affects the body during space flight is related solely to weightlessness. Also affected, for example, are the immune system and the multiple systems responsible for the amount and quality of sleep (light levels and work schedules disrupt the body's normal rhythms). Looking out the spacecraft window just before going to sleep (an action difficult to resist, considering the view) can let enough bright light into the eye to trigger just the wrong brain response, leading to poor sleep. As time goes on, the sleep debt accumulates. For long space voyages, travelers must also face being confined in a tight volume, unable to escape, isolated from the normal life of Earth, living with a small, fixed group of companions who often come from different cultures. These challenges can lead to anxiety, depression, crew tension and other social issues, which affect astronauts just as much as weightlessness—perhaps even more. Because these factors operate at the same time the body is adapting to other environmental changes, it may not be clear which physiological changes result from which factors. Much work remains to be done.

填空题Jack isnt ______ an actor, although he is tall and handsome and has played a dozen roles in the past few years． 尽管杰克又高又帅，并在过去的几年中演过十几个角色，但他算不上个出色的演员。

填空题Do make sure that the draft amount in figures and words correspond and that the amount drawn for does not ______ the balance available in the L/C.

填空题Intelligence experts say espionage of all shades has actually increased since the Cold War, amplified by new technology and soaring demand for information in the public and private sectors.

填空题[A] Analyzing your own taste.[B] Being cautious when experimenting.[C] Finding a model to follow.[D] Getting the final look absolutely right.[E] Learning to be realistic.[F] Making regular conscious choices.[G] How to judge people. When we meet people for the first time, we often make decisions about them based entirely on how they look. And, of course it's something that works both ways, for we too are being judged on our appearance. When we look good, we feel good, which in turn leads to a more confident and self-assured manner. People then pick up on this confidence and respond positively towards us. Undoubtedly, it's what's inside that's important, but sometimes we can send out the wrong signals simply by wearing inappropriate clothing or not spending enough time thinking about how others see us. 41．______ For example, people often make the mistake of trying to look like someone else they've seen in a magazine, but this is usually a disaster as we all have our own characteristics. Stand in front of a full-length mirror and be honest with yourself about what you see. There is no need to dwell on your faults—we all have good points and bad points—but think instead about the best way to emphasize the good ones. 42．______ When selecting your clothes each day, think about who you're likely to meet. when you're going to be spending most of your time and what tasks you are likely to perform. Clearly, some outfits will be more appropriate to different sorts of activity and this will dictate your choice to an extent. However, there's no need to abandon your individual taste completely. After all, if you dress to please somebody else's idea of what looks good, you may end up feeling uncomfortable and not quite yourself. 43．______ But to know your own mind, you have to get to know yourself. What do you truly feel good in? There are probably a few favorite items that you wear a lot—most people wear 20 percent of their wardrobe 80 percent of the time. Look at these clothes and ask yourself what they have in common. Are they neat and tidy, loose and flowing? Then look at the things hanging in your wardrobe that you don't wear and ask yourself why. Go through a few magazines and catalogues and mark the things that catch your eye. Is there a common theme? 44．______ Some colors bring your natural coloring to life and others can give us a washed-out appearance. Try out new colors by all means, but remember that dressing in bright color when you really like subtle neutral tones, or vice versa, will make you feel self-conscious and uncomfortable. You know deep down where your own taste boundaries lie. And although it's good to challenge those sometimes with new combinations or shades, take care not to go too far all at once. 45．______ So, you've chosen an outfit that matches your style, your personality, your shape and your coloring. But does it fit? If something is too tight or too loose, you won't achieve the desired effect, and no matter what other qualities it has, it won't improve your appearance or your confidence. Sometimes, we buy things without thinking. Some people who dislike shopping grab the first thing they see, or prefer to use mail-order or the Internet, in all cases, if it doesn't fit perfectly, don't buy it, because the finer details are just as important as the overall style. Reappraising your image isn't selfish because everyone who comes into contact with you will benefit. You'll look better and you'll feel a better person all round. And If in doubt, you only need to read Professor Albert Mehrabian's book Silent Messages to remind yourself how important outward appearances are. His research showed that the impact we make on each other depend 55 percent on how we look and behave, 38 percent on how we speak and only 7 percent on what we actually say. So, whatever stage you are at in your life, whatever role you play, isn't it time you made the most of yourself?

填空题 A. The Responsibility of Companies to Reduce Waste B. Means Adopted to Reduce Household Waste C. The Drawbacks of Fly-tipping D. Producers' Effort on Waste Reduction E. Obstacles to the New Programme F. The Role Consumers Play in Reducing Waste G. The Significance of Generating Less Rubbish Until recently most people in the waste industry had assumed that it was impossible to reduce the amount being produced and were concentrating on putting the stuff to better use. But lately that assumption has been challenged. For one thing, the pace at which the rich world churns out rubbish has been slowing. {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}} Reducing the amount of waste being produced makes a great deal of sense, provided it does not cost more, in either environmental or financial terms, than disposing of it in the usual way. Governments hope it might help to trim both greenhouse-gas emissions and waste-management costs. But they are not sure how best to encourage it. {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}} Some are trying to persuade consumers to throw away less. The simplest method is to collect the rubbish less often. In areas of Britain where the dustmen come round only every other week, recycling rates are 10% higher than elsewhere. Another tactic is to make households pay by volume for the rubbish they generate, rather than through a flat fee or through local taxes. Many places in Europe, America and Asia have adopted "pay-as-you-throw" schemes. About a quarter of Americans live in communities with such programmes. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reckons that they reduce the volume of rubbish by 14-27% and increase recycling (which usually remains free) by 32-59%. {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}} However, there are drawbacks. Fly-tipping-the illegal dumping of waste-tends to rise slightly as people try to avoid paying. And householders generally grumble a lot if they have to pay extra to have their rubbish collected. In addition, most local authorities have simply decided against the idea. When the British government offered them money to experiment with pay-as-you-throw schemes earlier this year, no one signed up. {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}} Businesses are generally seen as a sorer target than consumers. It can be argued that manufacturers bear some responsibility for the amount of waste rich countries produce. They often have an incentive to reduce waste anyway, since most already pay for disposal by volume. There is even a name for the steady reduction in materials used to make the same goods: "lightweighting". It is not only electronic gadgets that have become smaller and 5ghter over the years even as their performance has improved but many other things too, from cars to plastic bags. {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}} In theory, consumers could steer firms towards waste reduction by buying products that are easy to recycle. To some extent this is happening. Tesco's Alasdair. James says British consumers rank the environment as their third priority after price and convenience. Further, if governments oblige manufacturers to include the cost of disposal in their prices, firms will pass those costs on to consumers, who will have an incentive to buy the products that are the easiest to dispose of. Many governments are currently trying to give greenery an extra push with compulsory wastereduction schemes. Thirty-six states in America, for example, charge for the disposal of tyres. The states spend the money on clean-up programmes or pay others to run such programmes. Many of the tyres are blended into road surfaces or burned in cement kilns. Several other states have "advance recovery fees" for computer monitors and televisions. All this should provide a spur to the waste industry and speed the adoption of new technology.

填空题______ depends on good food, flesh air and enough sleep．(healthy)