填空题Action should be taken to improve the life of African people ______ (regard) of color or race.

填空题{{U}}Far from admiring his paintings{{/U}}I dislike them intensely.

填空题A."Fordecades,thecognitiveandneuralscienceshavetreatedmentalprocessesasthoughtheyinvolvedpassingdiscretepacketsofinformationinastrictlyfeed-forwardfashionfromonecognitivemoduletothenextorinastringofindividuatedbinarysymbols--likeadigitalcomputer,"saidSpivey."Morerecently,however,agrowingnumberofstudies,suchasours,supportdynamical-systemsapproachestothemind.Inthismodel,perceptionandcognitionaremathematicallydescribedasacontinuoustrajectorythroughahigh-dimensionalmentalspace;theneuralactivationpatternsflowbackandforthtoproducenonlinear,self-organized,emergentproperties--likeabiologicalorganism."B.Thecomputermetaphordescribescognitionasbeinginaparticulardiscretestate,forexample,"onoroff"orinvaluesofeitherzeroorone,andinastaticstateuntilmovingon.Iftherewasambiguity,themodelassumedthatthemindjumpstheguntoonestateortheother,andifitrealizesitiswrong,itthenmakesacorrection.C.Inhisstudy,42studentslistenedtoinstructionstoclickonpicturesofdifferentobjectsonacomputerscreen.Whenthestudentsheardaword,suchas"candle,"andwerepresentedwithtwopictureswhosenamesdidnotsoundalike,suchasacandleandajacket,thetrajectoriesoftheirmousemovementswerequitestraightanddirectlytothecandle.Butwhenthestudentsheard"candle"andwerepresentedwithtwopictureswithsimilarlysoundingnames,suchascandleandcandy,theywereslowertoclickonthecorrectobject,andtheirmousetrajectoriesweremuchmorecurved.Spiveysaidthatthelistenersstartedprocessingwhattheyheardevenbeforetheentirewordwasspoken.D.InanewstudypublishedonlinethisweekinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences(June27--July1),MichaelSpivey,apsycholinguistandassociateprofessorofpsychologyatCornell,trackedthemousemovementsofundergraduatestudentswhileworkingatacomputer.Thefindingsprovidecompellingevidencethatlanguagecomprehensionisacontinuousprocess.E.Whereastheoldermodelsoflanguageprocessingtheorizedthatneuralsystemsprocesswordsinaseriesofdiscretestages,thealternativemodelsuggeststhatsensoryinputisprocessedcontinuouslysothatevenpartiallinguisticinputcanstart"thedynamiccompetitionbetween,simultaneouslyactiverepresentations."F."Whentherewasambiguity,theparticipantsbrieflydidn'tknowwhichpicturewascorrectandsoforseveraldozenmilliseconds,theywereinmultiplestatesatonce.Theydidn'tmoveallthewaytoonepictureandthencorrecttheirmovementiftheyrealizedtheywerewrong,butinsteadtheytraveledthroughanintermediategrayarea,"explainedSpivey."Thedegreeofcurvatureofthetrajectoryshowsbowmuchtheotherobjectiscompetingfortheirinterpretation;thecurveshowscontinuouscompetition.Theysortofpartiallyheardthewordbothways,andtheirresolutionoftheambiguitywasgradualratherthandiscrete;it'sadynamicalsystem."G."Inthinkingofcognitionasworkingasabiologicalorganismdoes,ontheotherhand,youdonothavetobeinonestateoranotherlikeacomputer,butcanhavevaluesinbetween--youcanbepartiallyinonestateandanother,andtheneventuallygravitatetoauniqueinterpretation,asinfinallyrecognizingaspokenword,'Spiveysaid.Order:

填空题We are ripping matter from its place in the earth in such volume as to upset the balance between daylight and darkness.

填空题______ invisible

填空题Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. (41) Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. That kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate. (42) Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing. (43) There were also crablike creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet. (44) Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast. (45) About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals though now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings. A. The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known. B. Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils, from them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate. C. The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer is formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air. D. The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world. E. The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the star-fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks. F. When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and then get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved. G. Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.

填空题______ refers to the change of the form of a word or phrase, resulting from an incorrect popular notion of the origin or meaning of the term, or from the influence of more familiar terms mistakenly taken to be analogous.

填空题We should ______ dirty banknotes from circulation． (revoke, cancel, withdraw, annul, rescind)

填空题Venuti"s main thesis is that translation tends to be an invisible practice in the United States. What is Venuti"s strategy to change such a tendency?

填空题Too many of us just sit back and say "I'll let the experts deal with it."

填空题[A]MoretroublingthandetermininghowtopatentthegenomeisthelargerquestionofwhetheranyoneoughttobelayingclaimtohumanDNAatall.Thisispartlyaneconomicissue.Iftheentiregeneticschematicispre-emptivelyownedbytheresearchteamsstudyingitnow,whereistheincentiveforindependentscientists—oftensourcesofgreatinnovation—toworkonitlater?Licensingcosts,warnsJeffreyKahn,directoroftheUniversityofMinnesota'sCenterforBioethics,couldholdmedicalprogresshostage.Patentingproponentsinsistthatanequallypersuasiveargumentcouldbemadethatthelargegenome-mappinggroupsneedpatentprotectiontomaketheirworkworthwhiletothem.[B]It'snotfornothingthatscientistsareinsuchafootracetogetthehumangenomemapped.There'smorethanjustknowledgeatstake,afterall—there'smoney.Whowalksawaywithmostofthebootywon'tbedecidedinlabsoruniversities,however,butincourtsandpatentoffices.[C]Notonlycansuchfilingsbesloppygenetics,theycanalsobebadbusiness.ESTapplicationsmayleadtoso-calledsubmarinepatents,claimsthataremadetodayandthenvanish,onlytoreappearwhensomeunsuspectingscientistfindssomethingusefultodowithgeneshiddeninthepatent.Topreventthis,LehmanrequiresthatESTapplicationsincludenomorethan10geneticsequences.Each10afterthatrequiresaseparateapplication—andaseparatefilingfee."Companieswillnowhaveanincentivetofilemoreselectiveapplications,"saysLehman.[D]Thebiggestproblemwithpatentinggenesisthatwhilescientistshaveatleastageneralideaofwhatspecificstrandsofgeneticcodingdo,oftenit'sjustthat—general.Investigatorsdosometimessucceedinisolatingasingle,crispgenewithasingleknownfunction.Often,however,researcherstryingtomapgenesgetnofurtherthanmarkingofffragmentarystretchesofDNAthatmaybethousandsofbasesinlength.Theseso-calledexpressedsequencetagsmayhaverealgeneticinformationembeddedinthem,butdeterminingwherethosenuggetsareandwhattheirstructureistakesmoredigging.[E]Stickierthantheeconomicquestionistheethicalone.Mostofusreflexivelyshrinkfromtheideaofanyone'sowningtherightstoanypartofthehumanform.Besides,ifthefirstanatomisttospot,say,thepancreaswasnotgrantedtitletoit,whyshouldmodemgenome-mappingscientistsbeabletoclaimevenasinglegene?AsKahnpointsout,"Youcouldpatentasystemformininggoldfromore.Wedon'tletpeoplepatentthegold."Thatkindofargumentisgroundednotinlawbutintheveryideaofwhatitmeanstobehuman—anissuethateventhehighestfederalcourtisnotlikelytosettle.[F]GeneticistshavelatelybeenfilingpatentapplicationsfortheseESTsanyway,figuringthatit'sbesttoprotecttheirturfnowandgospelunkingaroundinitlater.Inasciencethatprizesprecisionaboveallelse,thiscanbeanoddwaytodobusiness."Iwouldguessthatinmanycasesthescientistsdidn'tevenexamineallthematerial,"saysBruceLehman,commissionerofthePatentandTrademarkOffice.[G]Thoughdecipheringtheentirehumangeneticblueprintisstillafewyearsaway,scientistshavebegunlayingclaimtothestretchesofDNAwhosecodestheyhavesucceededincracking.InrecentyearsresearchershavefloodedtheU.S.PatentandTrademarkOfficewithapplicationsforthousandsofgenesandgenefragments—andtheyhavestirredalotofcontroversyintheprocess.

填空题Do you think it necessary {{U}}夫妻两人都出去工作{{/U}}?

填空题A. I really can"t wait that long. B. The bus stop is not far from here. C. It can take you right there. A: Excuse me. Could you tell me which bus I should take to go to the railway station? B: I think you"d better take the No. 16 bus. 1 . A: How often dose this bus go there? B: Every fifteen minutes. A: 2 . Are there any other buses that can take me there? B: The No. 2 bus also goes to the railway station. You may take it. A: Where can I find the bus? B: 3 . Go straight on and you can easily find it. A: Thanks a lot. B: You are welcome.

填空题John"s father always tells you his opinion; he"s an armchair quarterback .