单选题In our view，the root ______of the crime problem is poverty and unemployment. 

单选题We are going to ______ our house by building another room on to it.

单选题You have to finish the work within the ______ time.

单选题Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man______it is for a woman.

单选题Every four years, athletes from all over the world compete in the Olympics. Each country sends teams of its best athletes to ______ the games.

单选题______, Bob still went on with the experiment.

单选题A great amount of work has gone into______the Cathedral to its previous splendor.

单选题 西湖三面环山，湖区内有大量的寺庙、古塔(pagoda)、园林和人造岛，它是中国同林设计师的重要灵感来源。

单选题It is hard to imagine that this apparently______ professor was a drugpusher.

单选题(That) the woman (was saying) was so important that I asked everyone (to stop) talking and (listen).

单选题A: Can I get you something to drink?B: ______. A. No, I'm not thirsty. B. I don't care for a drink. C. What drink have you got? D. I'm fine. Thanks anyway.

单选题He will______resign in view of the complete failure of the research project.

单选题 How Girls Can Win in Math and Science A. Math is a cumulative subject, unlike say history, which can be learned in discrete units. College algebra (代数) is basically a course in the language of mathematics. Some might say that algebra is the mechanics of mathematics. The examples included at this level are simple, designed to reinforce that the student has learned the 'how'. The next layer of courses teaches how to use this language, or this set of tools, to describe and model the real world. Being able to do this should leave no doubt in the student's mind that they are mathematically competent. B. For years, feminists have lamented (悲叹) the sorry state of girls in math and science, as they lag behind their male peers in test scores and shy away from careers in engineering and technology. Yet perhaps the most frustrating recent development on the topic is that some of the very programs designed to help girls get ahead may be holding them back or are simply misguided. Take single-sex math and science classes. While they seem like a logical way to give girls ajump-start in these subjects, new research suggests this initiative— championed over the past two decades as a possible solution—may backfire. C. In a study published last year, psychology Howard Glasser at Bryn Mawr College examined teacher-student interaction in sex-segregated science classes. As it turned out, teachers behaved differently toward boys and girls in a way that gave boys an advantage in scientific thinking. While boys were encouraged to engage in back and-forth questioning with the teacher andfellow students, girls had many fewer such experiences. Glasser suggests they didn't learn to argue in the same way as boys, and argument is the key to scientific thinking. Glasser pointsout that sex segregated classrooms can construct differences between the sexes by giving them unequal experiences. Unfortunately, such differences can impact kids' choices about future courses and careers. It's worth noting that the girls and boys in these science classes had similar grades, which masked the uneven dynamic. It was only when researchers reviewed videotapes of the lessons that they got a deeper analysis of what was actually going on, and what the kids were really learning. D. Glasser's research got a boost last September when the journal Science published a snatching (尖刻的) report on the larger issue of single-sex education, titled 'The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Schooling'. In the article, eight leading psychologists and neuroscientists debunked (揭穿真相) research supporting single-sex education, and argued that sex segregation 'increases gender stereotyping and legitimizes institutional sexism'. E. Another misguided—or, mistimed—effort to improve girls' performance is the 'you can do it' messaging directed toward girls in middle school, the period when their scores start lagging. New research shows that even when preteen girls say they believe this message, 'stereotype threat'—when negative cultural stereotypes affect a group's behavior—has a dampening effect on their actual performance. F. In a 2009 study, psychologist Pascal Huguet of France's Aix-Marseille University found that middle-school girls scored highest on tests measuring visual-spatial abilities—which are key to success in engineering, chemistry, medicine, and architecture, fields that promise high-paying, prestigious jobs down the road—when they were led to believe that there were no gender differences on the tasks. Not surprisingly, when they were told that boys do better on these tasks, they did poorly. But curiously, when they were given no information, allowing cultural stereotypes to operate, they also did poorly. The stereotypes were already firmly established. The authors discovered: By middle school it's too little, too late. G. To disarm stereotypes, we must actively arm girls against them—starting at a very young age. By first or second grade, both girls andboyshave the notion that math is a 'boy thing'. But a 2011 study by psychologist Anthony Greenwald of the University of Washington found that there's a window of opportunity during these early years in which, while girls do see math largely as a male preserve, they haven't yet made the connection that 'because I am a girl, math is not for me'. During this short period, girls are relatively open to the idea that they can enjoy and do well at math. H. One strategy? Researchers suggest we take gender out of the equation in teaching about occupations. Rather than saying 'girls can be scientists', we should talk about what scientists do. For example, kids may be especially interested to know that scientists study how the world around them really works. Psychologists Rebecca Bigler of the University of Texas at Austin and Lynn Liben at Penn State say that when girls are encouraged to think this way, they're much more likely to retain what they're taught than they would be if they were just given the generic 'girls can do science' message. I. Finally, while women teachers can lead the way for girls in math and science, acting as role models, parents should be on the lookout for teachers' math anxiety. A 2010 study of first-and second-graders led by psychologist Sian L. Beilock at the University of Chicago found that girls may learn to fear math from their earliest instructors—and that female elementary-school teachers who lack confidence in their own math skills could be passing their anxiety along to their students. The more anxious teachers were about their own skills, the more likely their female students were to agree that 'boys are good at math and girls are good at reading'. And according to Beilock, elementary-education majors at the college level have the highest math anxiety level of any major, and may be unwittingly passing along a virus of underachievement to girls. J. Parents can 'vaccinate' girls against their teachers, math anxiety, according to new research. But there may be a silver lining to this story for parents. Even if your daughter has a teacher with high math anxiety, it's not inevitable that she's going to experience problems with math—it turns out that parents (or others) can 'vaccinate' girls against their teachers' qualms (不安). Beilock found that teachers' anxiety alone didn't do the damage. If girls already had a belief that 'girls aren't good at math', their achievement suffered. But the girls who didn't buy into that stereotype, who thought, of course I can be good at math, didn't tumble into an achievement gulf. K. Now that we have reason to believe that gender stereotyping starts much earlier than previously thought, we also need to accept that countering it requires more sophisticated approaches than those we now use. If girls continue to lag behind in math areas, our future economy and competitiveness could suffer. It's critical that we start our efforts in the primary grades and look beyond the obvious to succeed. If we look 'under the hood' at what's really going on with girls, instead of just skimming the surface, we can provide more than mere cosmetic solutions.

单选题Although I like the appearance of the house, What really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful ______ through the window.

单选题Computer monitoring is most often intended to improve efficiency and effectiveness in the workplace, but with good intentions comes the opportunity for abuse by employers and employees alike. Computer Monitoring in the 21st Century written by a futurist is an exceptional observation as to what the future may hold for those people choosing to enter the technological field such as industry, commerce, medicine and science. As computer monitoring increases, there comes a concern for the types of effects it may have in the workplace. The article says: "By the end of the decade, as many as 30 million people may constantly be monitored in their jobs." As computer systems become so sophisticated, this number will drastically increase. As we enter this new age of technology, we must remember that with more power comes more responsibility by employers and employees alike. Knowledge can be used as a weapon or as a tool. For instance, monitoring abuse can be found in the situation of airline agents. The agents discovered that by keeping customers on hold while finishing their work they could gain an extra 5-minute break. In the future, employees who are accustomed to evading the monitoring system may no longer be able to tolerate it. These types of employees may find they can no longer survive the added pressure of not being able to evade the system. While monitoring can add pressure to some employees, it can also be a relief to others. It is a relief to the employee, because it provides information readily at hand. With the use of prompts, acting as reminders to workers, the information needed is passed on efficiently allowing employees to do a better job. However, if prompts are used to tell an employee how much time has been wasted or how bad an employee is doing his job, it could cause the opposite effect. Monitoring can have a positive effect on workers by letting the employees access their own information. In a study, early information about job performance given by a computer is accepted better than a performance rating given by a boss. At this time, monitoring is based on the output of an employee's performance. In the future, there will be more freedom for employees to use their own ideas, therefore making monitoring more effective. One example of monitoring as a weapon is seen when a woman who took an extra minute in the bathroom was threatened with loosing her job. With this added stress she suffered a nervous breakdown. The company insisted that they were not "spying" but were only trying to improve their business. If monitoring is not used correctly, businesses will suffer with increases in operating costs because of increased turnover, absenteeism, medical costs and worker's compensation. Employers who use positive reinforcement with monitoring will guarantee better motivation. Legislation has the potential to help employees with issues of better treatment and the fight to privacy. In the new century, companies that succeeded will be the ones who learn from the past and from the "me boss and you employee" mentality. A good blacksmith can take a hammer and forge a weapon into a tool that can benefit the whole village. Employers are the blacksmiths; employees are the hammers. Monitoring is the tool. It takes both to make a tool to benefit the future.

单选题 Business Ideas A. What makes a business idea good? Have you ever thought you had a great idea for a business but didn't do anything about it, only to find out that, a short while later, someone else did? How do you know ff you'll be able to make the business work? B. If you think you want to start your own business you have to first eliminate any doubts you may have about yourself and your abilities. That means that you have to first identify your own strengths and decide if you're the type of person who can build a business and make it a success. Once you have determined that, then you need a good—no, make that a great—idea for a business. Do you have what it takes? C. There are some basic skills that you, as a potential business owner, should have. If you don't have them then you need to at least have a friend or family member who does or be willing to pay an outside service or consultant to do these things for you. D. Financial management and accounting—If you don't have the skills now, you either need to take the time to learn, or have someone else you can depend on to handle this side of the business for you. E. Marketing—You have to be able to sell yourself or your business. If people don't know about you then you won't get any business, and if you don't have any business then, technically, you aren't really in business. So, marketing is a very important part of your skill set. Fortunately, it is also an easy skill to farm out to experts. F. Management skills—You must have the management skills and organizational skills in order to run your business. If you have no management experience at least start reading management books of all types that would apply to your business. G. Determination, enthusiasm, energy—No one ever said being your own boss was easy! In fact, you'll probably work harder than ever—you'll just get to reap more of the benefits. You have to have the energy to make your business succeed. If you have any doubts then maybe you should rethink the idea. If you read the success stories behind many businesses, you'll see the recurring theme that the business owner had no doubts that he or she would succeed, or that the thought of failing never entered their minds. Identifying your talents H. For some, coming up with the business idea is the easy part. They simply turn a hobby, or something else that they love doing, into a business. In some cases, this works great. In other cases, it doesn't work so great. Why the difference? Because you can't just try on the pants when you want to buy the whole suit. In other words, there are a lot of different things to consider when you're trying to come up with an idea for a business that will fit you. I. Those people that have made a go of it by converting their hobby into a business were lucky in that there was a market for their business in the first place. It doesn't matter how skilled you are and how much you love building those miniature replicas (复制品) of Star Wars (tm) Millennium Falcons inside authentic 1940's 6-ounce Coca-Cola(tm) bottles, if there aren't people who want to buy them (i. e. a market) then you're not going to be able to support yourself doing it. It will still be a 'hobby'. J. It still makes sense, however, to start a business that is based on things you know and are good at. You just can't stop there. It is also possible to start a business based on something you know nothing about. In this case, however, you probably should try and learn as much as you can before you get in too deeply. Or, consider buying a franchise (特许经营权) that offers training, or an existing business from someone you can pump for information. You can also try working in the industry for a few months to pick up information. You may be surprised at how much you can learn even in low level positions. Finding business ideas that fit your talents K. The Internet is full of web sites that list page after page of business ideas. We don't list those ideas here, but have provided links to some sites that do on our Links page. What we want to do is to help you discover and evaluate the ideas that appeal to you and best fit you as an individual. L. Any list of business ideas you find will basically boil down to three types of businesses. Those business types are manufactured products that you build and sell yourself, distributed products or services that you buy wholesale and then resell at a higher price, and services that you provide. M. For those three business types, there are typically four possible strategies. The strategies you might use include inventing a completely new product for a completely new market, inventing a completely new product for an existing market, improving on an existing product and selling it to the existing market, and selling an existing product to a completely new market. N. Coming up with an idea for any of these areas requires some observation skills and creative thought. Start with the things you know about and enjoy and look for ways to make improvements, or sell them to new people. Be observant everywhere you go. Look at how existing businesses operate and make note of the problems you see. Can you come up with a way to eliminate those problems? Can you see a way to improve the service, product or marketability of it? Do you see trends in the market such as larger retired populations? Are there special products or services that that increasing market will need? O. Brainstorm with friends, write everything down, and study your list often. Make notes as you think of them. Ideas multiply into lots of new ideas. Evaluate these ideas based on what you like and what you know about. Once you've narrowed the list down to the finalists, read on to find out how to evaluate those ideas. Other deciding factors P. There are few more things to consider when thinking about starting your own business. They include the followings: Your own level of commitment—Consider the extent or length to which you would go to make your business work (i. e. travel, commuting, relocating, etc.) Your family's support and approval of your idea—Having the support of your family is very important to the success of your business, as well as the stress levels you endure in working to making it happen. Make sure you have the support you'll need both emotionally and from a workload standpoint. Zoning restrictions for the location you are looking at—Make sure you know the restrictions on the types of businesses that can occupy a space (particularly if you are operating your business out of your home). Your town planning office or City Hall can provide that information. Your willingness to seek outside help if you need it—Don't hesitate to get professional help for your business. There are many resources that can provide you with great ideas and information that can help manage more efficiently and perhaps even find that 'edge (优势)'. The compatibility of the business with your lifestyle—If you're a night person and hate mornings then you probably don't want to open a doughnut shop. Make sure your business idea fits the schedule you work best in. (选自The Washington Post)