单选题Priscilla Ouchida"s "energy-efficient" house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago, they built a $ 100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned (双层玻璃的) windows and several other energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however. Priscilla"s eyes burned. Her throat was constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness. Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde (甲醛) gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers. The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cabinets and wall-to-wall carpeting. The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation"s drive to save energy. The problem itself isn"t new. "The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along," says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geometry Technologies in Maryland. "Energy conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases. " The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didn"t worry much about unsealed cracks. Because of such leaks, the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom build up to dangerous levels. (262 words)

单选题Marcella has 25 pairs of shoes. If she loses 9 individual shoes, what is the greatest number of matching pairs she could have left? A. 21 B. 20 C. 19 D. 16 E. 15

单选题It was when he took a job in a company ______ he began to learn English. A. when B. that C. which D. what

单选题In everyday usage "hot" means "having a lot of heat". Many people think that "cold" is something completely separated from heat. But this is not true. Cold simply means "having very little heat". Your life depends on heat. In fact, every living thing depends on it. Without heat, every living thing would be frozen to death. All living things get their heat from the sun, which provides the conditions in which life is possible. Since before the dawn of history, man has been able to make his own heat. He has been able to release the sun"s heat that is trapped in things such as wood, coal and oil. And he has been able to use this heat. Heat has made civilization possible. With heat, man could melt metals. As man learned to use metals and fuels, industries grew. As a result, engines were invented. These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy. Engines can do the work of many men. Without engines industrial civilization is impossible. Yet when the first engines were built in the 17th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. "What is it?" they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer.

单选题In 2010, Pamela Fink, an employee of a Connecticut energy company, made a new kind of discrimination claim: she charged that she had been fired because she carries genes that predispose her to cancer. Fink quickly became the public face for the cutting edge of civil rights: genetic discrimination. The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, which was passed out of concern for just such cases in the wake of huge advances in genetics testing, took effect in late 2009. GINA, as it is known, makes it illegal for employers to fire or refuse to hire workers based on their "genetic information"— including genetic tests and family history of disease. GINA doesn"t just apply to employers: health-insurance companies can be sued for using genetic information to set rates or even just for investigating people"s genes. The numbers of genetic-discrimination complaints will almost certainly increase greatly in coming years, for the reason that, as biological science advances, there is likely to be even more genetic information available about people. Even though this sort of medical information should remain private, employers and insurance companies will have strong financial incentives to get access to it—and to use it to avoid people who are most likely to get sick. When genetic-discrimination claims start showing up in the courts in significant numbers, they are likely to get a sympathetic hearing. There are two major reasons that so many people—even congressional Republicans who are highly skeptical of civil rights laws—like GINA. First, there is the kind of discrimination it is aimed at: penalizing people for strands of DNA and RNA that they inherited from their parents through no fault of their own. In general, our society has decided to protect people for qualities that are " immutable "—that is, something about them that is impossible or, at least, very difficult to change. So we make it illegal to discriminate on the basis of race, national origin, skin color and sex. On the other hand, we generally do not protect people who are not hired because they lack a high school diploma or because they wear a beard. Our response to those people is that if you want the job you should get more education or shave. Genes are a classic immutable characteristic: outside of some complicated medical procedures, we"re pretty much stuck with the genes we were born with. The second major reason genetic-discrimination laws are popular is that this is a kind of bias everyone feels they could be exposed to. None of us has perfect genes—and for the most part, we have no idea what is lurking in our DNA and RNA. Our genes are complex enough that we all have some negative information encoded in there—and none of us wants to lose a job or be denied insurance over it. When juries begin to hear these cases, they are far more likely to identify with the plaintiffs than with the companies that discriminate. That doesn"t mean that there won"t be plenty of companies looking to benefit from genetic information, but if they use it, they may well have to pay.

单选题The Japanese take pride in doing a job and getting it done ______ much time is required.

单选题Within two weeks of arrival, all foreigners had to ______ with the local police. A) inquire B) consult C) register D) profession

单选题I had to do a five-hour written examination on horse and stable management; but you know I have to do it in order to get the______.

单选题The states had no recourse but to {{U}}look forward to{{/U}} the verdict of the high tribunal.

单选题______ my gloves? Yes, I saw them on your desk a moment ago. A．Do you see B．Had you seen C．Would you see D．Have you seen

单选题As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist; the other, the applied scientist. The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practical problems. Neither is more important than the other, however, for the two groups are very much related. Some times, however, the applied scientist finds the "problem" for the theoretical scientist to work on. Let' s take a particular problem of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys which perform satisfactorily in a car cannot be used in a jet-propelled plane. New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel in a turbojet must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so aircraft designers had to turn to the research metallurgist for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes. Dividing scientists into two groups is only one broad way of classifying them, however. When scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize. Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further subdivision. And, with finer and finer subdivisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no one branch is entirely independent of the others. Many new specialties--geophysics and biochemistry, for example--have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more sciences.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Valentine's Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Luperealia.{{U}} (1) {{/U}}the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called{{U}} (2) {{/U}}the god Lupereus to help them. A festival in his{{U}} (3) {{/U}}was held February 15th. On the eve of the festival the{{U}} (4) {{/U}}of the girls were written on{{U}} (5) {{/U}}paper and placed in jars. Each young man{{U}} (6) {{/U}}a slip. The girl whose name was{{U}} (7) {{/U}}was to be his sweetheart for the year. Legend{{U}} (8) {{/U}}it that the holiday became Valentine's Day{{U}} (9) {{/U}}a roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II{{U}} (10) {{/U}}the Roman soldiers not to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would{{U}} (11) {{/U}}stay home than fight. When Valentine{{U}} (12) {{/U}}the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the{{U}} (13) {{/U}}of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a{{U}} (14) {{/U}}. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th---Valentine's Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine{{U}} (15) {{/U}}of Lupercus. Valentine's Day has become a major{{U}} (16) {{/U}}of love and romance in the modem world. The ancient god Cupid and his{{U}} (17) {{/U}}into a lover's heart may still be used to{{U}} (18) {{/U}}falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers Or jewelry, to do this.{{U}} (19) {{/U}}to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine's Day can sometimes be as{{U}} (20) {{/U}}as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.

单选题A shortcoming of protective labor laws that singling out a particular group of workers for protection is

单选题In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasn"t any crime to worry about. Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the world"s biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up homes without fitting locks to their doors. SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in. Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism. A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle. But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder. So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early days, when you visited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer. At the same time, the Net is increasingly populated with spiders, worms, agents and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information. All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage. But let"s look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the world"s biggest(almost)crime-free society. Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest. Or that there currently isn"t much to steal. Or because vandalism isn"t much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone. Whatever the reason, let"s enjoy it while we can. But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for.

单选题{{B}}阅读理解三{{/B}} Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Most of us have seen a dog staring at, sometimes snarling at, and approaching a reflection of itself. For most animals, seeing their own image in a mirror acts as a social stimulus. But does the dog recognize itself, or does the reflection simply signal a potential companion or threat? This question is interest for a number of reasons. Apart from curiosity about the level of animals' understanding, research on self-recognition in animals has several benefits. It provides some insight into the evolutionary significance of this skill of self- recognition and into the level and kinds of cognitive competence that the skill requires. Such research also indicates the kinds of learning experiences that determine the development of self-recognition. In addition, work with animals fosters the use of techniques that are not dependent on verbal responses and that may therefore be suitable for use with preverbal children. The evidence indicates that dogs and almost all other nonhumans do not recognize themselves. In a series of clever experiments, however, Gallup has shown that the chimpanzee does have this capacity. Gallup exposed chimpanzees in a small cage to a full-length mirror for ten consecutive days. It was observed that over this period of time the number of self-directed responses increased. These behaviors included grooming parts of the body while watching the results, guiding fingers in the mirror, and picking at teeth with the aid of the mirror. Describing one chimp, Gallup said, "Marge used the mirror to play with and inspect the bottom of her feet; she also looked at herself up-side down in the mirror while suspended by her feet from the top of the cage; she was also observed to stuff celery leaves up her nose using the mirror for purposes of visually, guiding the stems into each nostril. " Then the researchers devised a further test of self-recognition. The chimps were anesthetized and marks were placed over their eyebrows and behind their ears, areas the chimps could not directly observe. The mirror was temporarily removed from the cage, and baseline data regarding their attempts to touch these areas were recorded. The data clearly suggest that chimps do recognize themselves, or are self-aware, for their attempts to touch the marks increased when they viewed themselves. Citing further evidence for this argument, Gallup noted that chimpanzees with no prior mirror experience did not direct behavior to the marks when they were first exposed to the mirror; that is, the other chimpanzees appeared to have remembered what they looked like and do have responded to the marks because they noticed changes in their appearance.

单选题What kind of students may NOT like online distance learning?

单选题Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls "metal-hungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water." They have already demanded and won the right to patent new life forms. Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of "microbe spills" that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination. Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate "inferior" people and breed a "super-race"? (Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories.) Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate "unfit" babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a "savings bank" full of spare kidney, livers, or hands? Wild as these notions may sound, everyone has its advocates (and opposers) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial applications. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? "Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created."

单选题How often have you queued for ______ seems like hours at the booking office before you can get a train ticket?

单选题People are more ______ to spend money on goods with an attractive look than those without. A. attracted B. tempted C. persuaded D. tended