填空题Human language is ______. This refers to the fact that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the meaning it is associated with.

填空题Fill in the numbered blanks with proper words. Choose among the listed words below. You can add prefixes or suffixes to the words to make sure they come in correct forms in terms of both grammar and meaning. novel, entire, read, admire, regard, utter, fallible, educate, argue, wise, discover, careful, remark, mortal, illustrate, judge, great, addition, beauty, fold The test of a great book is whether we want to read it only once or more than once, and every【K1】______time that we read it we find new meanings and new beauties in it. A book that a person of 【K2】______and good taste does not care to read more than once is very probably not worth much. Some time ago there was a discussion going on【K3】______the art of the great French【K4】______, Zola; some people claimed that he possessed absolute genius; others claimed that he had only talent of a very 【K5】______kind. The battle of the【K6】______brought out some strange extravagances of opinions. But suddenly a very great critic simply put this question: " How many of you have read, or would care to read, one of Zola"s books a second time?" There was no answer; probably no one would read a book by Zola more than once. The fact was settled. Shallow or false any book must be, that, although bought by a hundred thousand readers, is never read more than once. But we cannot consider the judgment of a single individual【K7】______The opinion that makes a book great must be the opinion of many. For even the greatest critics are apt to have certain dullness, certain inappreciations. Carlyle, for example, could not endure Browning; Byron could not endure some of the greatest of English poets. A man must be many-sided to utter a trustworthy estimate of many books. We may doubt the【K8】______of the single critic at times. But there is no doubt possible in regard to the judgment of generations. Even if we cannot at once perceive anything good in a book which has been admired and praised for hundreds of years, we may be sure that by trying, by studying it【K9】______, we shall at last be able to feel the reason of this【K10】______and praise. The best of all libraries for a poor man would be a library【K11】______composed of such great works only. This then would be the most important guide for us in the choice of reading. We should read only the books that we want to read more than once, nor should we buy any others, unless we have some special reason for so investing money. The second fact demanding attention is the general character of the value that lies hidden within all such great books: they never become old; their youth is 【K12】______A great book is not apt to be comprehended by a young person at the first【K13】______except in a superficial way. Only the surface, the narrative, is absorbed and enjoyed. No young man can possibly see at first reading the qualities of a great book. Remember that it has taken humanity in many cases hundreds of years to find out all that there is in such a book. But according to a man"s experience of life, the text will【K14】______new meanings to him. The book that delighted us at eighteen, if it be a good book, will delight us much more at twenty-five, and it will prove like a new book to us at thirty years of age. At forty we shall re-read it, wondering why we never saw how【K15】______it was before. At fifty or sixty years of age the same facts will repeat themselves. A great book grows exactly in proportion to the growth of the reader"s mind. It was the【K16】______of this extraordinary fact by generations of people long dead that made the【K17】______of such works as those of Shakespeare, of Dante, or of Goethe. Perhaps Goethe can give us at this moment the best【K18】______He wrote a number of little stories in prose, which children like, because to children they have all the charm of fairy-tales. But he never intended them for fairy-tales; he wrote them for experienced minds. A young man finds very serious reading in them; a middle-aged man discovers an extraordinary depth in their least【K19】______; and an old man will find in them all the world"s philosophy, all the【K20】______of life.

填空题They were united ______ one and finally drove the invaders out of their country． 他们团结一心，终于把侵略者赶出了国土。

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Do mobile phones cause explosions at petrol stations? That question has just been exhaustively answered by Adam Burgess, a researcher at the University of Kent, in England. Oddly, however, Dr Burgess is not a physicist, but a sociologist. For the concern rests not on scientific evidence of any danger, but is instead the result of sociological factors: it is an urban myth, supported and propagated by official sources, but no less a myth for that. Dr Burgess presented his findings this week at the annual conference of the British Sociological Association. Mobile phones started to become widespread in the late 1980s, when the oil industry was in the middle of a concerted safety drive, Dr Burgess notes. This was, in large part, a response to the Piper Alpha disaster in 1988, when 167 people died in an explosion on an oil platform off the Scottish coast. 41.______So nobody questioned the precautionary ban on the use of mobile phones at petrol stations. The worry was that an electrical spark might ignite explosive fumes. 42.______But it was too late. The myth had taken hold. One problem, says Dr Burgess, is that the number of petrol-station fires increased in the late 1990s, just as mobile phones were proliferating. Richard Coates, BP's fire-safety adviser, investigated many of the 243 such fires that occurred around the world between 1993 and 2004. He concluded that most were indeed caused by sparks igniting petrol vapour, but the sparks themselves were the result of static electricity, not electrical equipment. Most drivers will have experienced a mild electric shock when climbing out of their vehicles. It is caused by friction between driver and seat, with the result that both end up electrically charged. When the driver touches the metal frame of the vehicle, the result is sometimes a spark. 43.______ 44. ______ One e-mail contained fictitious examples of such explosions said to have happened in Indonesia and Australia. Another, supposedly sent out by Shell, found its way on to an internal website at Exxon, says Dr Burgess, where it was treated as authoritative by employees. Such memos generally explain static fires quite accurately, but mistakenly attribute them to mobile phones. Official denials, says Dr Burgess, simply inflame the suspicions of conspiracy theorists. 45. ______ Warning signs. abound in Britain, America, Canada and Australia. The city of Sao Paulo, in Brazil, iatroduced a ban last year, And, earner tins month, a member of Connecticut's. senate proposed making the use of mobile phones in petrol stations in that state punishable by a $ 250 fine. [A] The safety drive did not apply merely to offshore operations: employees at some British oil-company offices are now required to use handrails while walking up and downstairs, for example. [B] As a result, the company had to pay a huge amount of compensation to the families of the victims and law suits concerning those fires seemed to be endless. [C] A further complication was the rise of the internet, where hoax memos, many claiming to originate from oil companies, warned of the danger of using mobile phones in petrol stations. [D] This is particularly noticeable in Britain. The country that led the way in banning mobile phones at petrol stations is also the country that has taken the strongest line on the safety of mobile-phone use by children. [E] Despite the lack of evidence that mobile phones can cause explosions, bans remain in place around the world, though the rules vary widely. [F] By the late 1990s, however, phone makers--having conducted their own research— realized that there was no danger of phones causing explosions since they could not generate the required sparks. [G] This seems to have become more common as plastic car interiors, synthetic garments and rubber-soled shoes have proliferated.

填空题Economists warn that eno______ pressures of recession could build up, forcing people to emigrate westward.

填空题 A. The consequence of losing bones B. A better lab in space than on earth C. Two different cases D. Multiple effects form weightlessness E. How to overcome weightlessness F. Factors that are not so sure During weightlessness, the forces within the body undergo dramatic change. Because the spine is no longer compressed, people grow taller. The lungs, heart and other organs within the chest have no weight, and as a result, the rib cage and chest relax and expand. Similarly, the weights of the liver, kidneys, stomach and bowels disappear. One astronaut said after his flight: "You feel your guts floating up. I found myself tightening my belly, sort of pushing things back." 41.______ Meanwhile muscles and bones come to be used in different ways. Our muscles are designed to support us when stand or sit uptight an4 to move body parts. But in space, muscles used for support on the ground are no longer needed for that purpose; moreover, the muscles used for movement around a capsule differ from those used for walking down a hall. Consequently, some muscles rapidly weaken. This doesn't present a problem to space travelers as long as they perform only light work. But preventing the loss of muscle tissue required for heavy work during space walks and preserving muscle for safe return to Earth are the subject of many current experiments. Studies have shown that astronauts lose bone mass from the lower spine, hips and upper leg at a rate of about 1 percent per month for the entire duration of their time in space. Some sites, such as the heel, lose calcium faster than others. Studies of animals taken into space suggest that bone formation also declines. 42.______ Needless to say, these data are indeed cause for concern. During space flight, the loss of bone elevates calcium levels in the body, potentially causing kidney stones and calcium crystals to form in other tissues. Back on the ground, the loss of bone calcium stops within one month, but scientists do not yet know whether the bone recovers completely: too few people have flown in space for long periods. Some bone loss may be permanent, in which case ex-astronauts will always be more prone to broken bones. 43.______ These questions mirror those in our understanding of how the body works here on Earth. For example, elderly women are prone to a loss of bone mass. Scientists understand that many different factors can be involved in this loss, but they do not yet know how the factors act and interact; this makes it difficult to develop an appropriate treatment. So it is with bone loss in space, where the right prescription still awaits discovery. Many other body systems are affected directly and indirectly. One example is the lung. Scientists have studied the lung in space and learned much they could not have learned in laboratories on earth. On the ground the top and bottom parts of the lung have different patterns of air flow and blood flow. But are these patterns the result only of gravity, or also of the nature of the lung itself? Only recently have studies in space provided clear evidence for the latter. Even in the absence of gravity, different parts of the lung have different levels of air flow and blood flow. 45.______ Not everything that affects the body during space flight is related solely to weightlessness. Also affected, for example, are the immune system and the multiple systems responsible for the amount and quality of sleep (light levels and work schedules disrupt the body's normal rhythms). Looking out the spacecraft window just before going to sleep (an action difficult to resist, considering the view) can let enough bright light into the eye to trigger just the wrong brain response, leading to poor sleep. As time goes on, the sleep debt accumulates. For long space voyages, travelers must also face being confined in a tight volume, unable to escape, isolated from the normal life of Earth, living with a small, fixed group of companions who often come from different cultures. These challenges can lead to anxiety, depression, crew tension and other social issues, which affect astronauts just as much as weightlessness-perhaps even more. Because these factors operate at the same time the body is adapting to other environmental changes, it may not be clear which physiological changes result from which factors. Much work remains to be done.

填空题Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Scholars, writers and teachers in the modern academic community have strong feelings about acknowledging the use of another person's ideas. In the English-speaking world, the term plagiarism is used to label the practice of not giving credit for the source of one's ideas. 41．______ 42．______In many universities, the punishment may range from failure in a particular course to expulsion from the university. In the literary world, where writers are protected from plagiarism by international copyright laws, the penalty may range from a small fine to imprisonment and a ruined career. Protection of scholars and writers, through the copyright laws and through the social pressures of the academic and literary communities, is a relatively recent concept. Such social pressures and copyright laws require writers to give scrupulous attention to documentation of their sources. Students, as inexperienced scholars themselves, must avoid various types of plagiarism by being self-critical in their use of other scholars' ideas and by giving appropriate credit for the source of borrowed ideas and words, otherwise dire consequences may occur. 43．______ Plagiarism by accident, or oversight, sometimes is the result of the writer's inability to decide or remember where the idea came from. He may have read it long ago, heard it in a lecture since forgotten, or acquired it second-hand or third-hand from discussions with colleagues. He may also have difficulty in deciding whether the idea is such common knowledge that no reference to the original source is needed. Although this type of plagiarism must be guarded against, it is the least serious and, if lessons learned, can be exempt from being severely punished. Plagiarism through ignorance is simply a way of saying that inexperienced writers often do not know how or when to acknowledge their sources. The techniques for documentation-note- taking, quoting, footnoting, listing bibliography-are easily learned and can prevent the writer from making unknowing mistakes or omissions in his references. 44．______ The most serious kind of academic thievery is plagiarism by intention. The writer, limited by his laziness and dullness, copies the thoughts and language of others and claims them for his own. He not only steals, he tries to deceive the reader into believing the ideas are original. Such words as immoral, dishonest, offensive, and despicable are used to describe the practice of plagiarism by intention. The opposite of plagiarism is acknowledgement. 45．______Students, as developing scholars, writers, teachers, and professional leaders, should recognize and assume their responsibility to document all sources from which language and thoughts are borrowed. Other members of the profession will not only respect the scholarship, they will admire the humility and honesty. [A] The penalties for plagiarism vary from situation to situation. [B] Many scholars suggest rigid self-regulations in academic world in order to protect the purity of academics. [C] "Penalty for plagiarism should be regulated by laws and regulations," said one scholar, "it is no better than theft. " [D] Although there is no copyright in news, or in ideas, only in the expression of them, the writer cannot plead ignorance when his sources for ideas are challenged. [E] Simply stated, plagiarism is "the wrongful appropriation or purloining, and publication as one's own of the ideas, or the expression of ideas of another. " [F] All mature and trustworthy writers make use of the ideas of others but they are careful to acknowledge their indebtedness to their sources. [G] There are at least three classifications of plagiarism as it is revealed in students' inexactness in identifying sources properly. They are plagiarism by accident, by ignorance, and by intention.

填空题不能把这些书带出阅览室。

填空题The person ______ was standing next to me seemed very nervous.

填空题We are, therefore, compelled to claim ______ you to compensate us ______ the loss of $27500.

填空题岁月沧桑，风化雨蚀，造就了这里奇特的山体风貌：满山巨塔高耸，穹丘浑圆，不倒翁摇摇欲坠，大拱门凌空面立，奇形怪状，自然天成。大自然造物不尽，还在不断创造新的神奇。

填空题Failure to advertise {{U}}could{{/U}} result in either {{U}}reduced{{/U}} sales and {{U}}less{{/U}} profit {{U}}nor{{/U}} legal actions. A. could B. reduced C. less D. nor

填空题A. great minds think alike B. We could do it first thing tomorrow morning C. We still have to do about ten more Nancy: How many orders do we still need to pack, Gilbert? We"ve been packing all day. Gilbert: 1 Nancy: Well, I"m really tired from packing all of the stuff all day. And it"s about time to clock out. Gibert: I know. Maybe we can finish it tomorrow. Nancy: Why not! These orders are not urgent. 2 Gibert: All right. Let"s call it quits and go home. Neal: See, 3 !

填空题Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as ______.

填空题A. It"s really family first B. the real work will start when they walk off the stage C. then it was just a penalty D. because I"m a pretty street-smart guy Yorke: You"ve talked about finding meaning in suffering. What do you mean by that? McGraw: Everybody at some point is going to have misfortune. I think if we don"t learn from that, 1 . But if you use it, then it becomes tuition. I draw a lot on my personal experiences. It"s hard for people to deceive me, 2 . Yorke: Are there families who come on your show but whom you feel you just can"t help? ncGrow: I never think that I"m doing eight-minute cures on television. But I think that 50 percent of the solution to any problem lies in defining it first. I can be an emotional compass that points them down the path, but 3 . Yorke: What would you say is the greatest value system that you have? ncGrow: 4 . Our family and its properties, needs, values, come before everything else—work, recreation, whatever.

填空题 Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. All over the world men are (1)（ ） new techniques to provide mass housing, inexpensively and quickly, for millions of low and middle-income families, and (2)（ ） the urgent housing (3)（ ） brought on by such natural disasters (4)（ ） foods and earthquakes. A firm in Hatfield, Pennsylvania, the Universal Papertech Corporation, believes it has found one solution (5)（ ） the problem: houses (6)（ ） paper. The ultimate success of the paper houses will (7)（ ） a great deal on breaking (8)（ ） traditional patterns and concept of home building and restrictive codes. One thing seems certain, (9)（ ）: The shelter revolution is already (10)（ ）. The concept of paper houses was developed (11)（ ） 10 years ago by Universal. Six years ago the company supplied (12)（ ） then-current models (13)（ ） emergency housing for thousands of migratory farm workers in California. (14)（ ） the houses were new on the market, no one really knew just how long the unusual structures would (15)（ ）. Today, in California (16)（ ） still holding up well under the elements and (17)（ ） are accommodating more people than at first. The manufacture now (18)（ ） that the houses will have a useful life of at least 15 to 20 years. (19)（ ） in the paper houses has spread beyond the U.S. (20)（ ） a number of foreign countries. 1.A、searching B、searching for C、searching in D、searching into 2.A、meet B、meets C、meeting D、to meet 3.A、requirements B、qualifications C、acquirementsD、inquiries 4.A、like B、as C、that D、as to 5.A、for B、with C、to D、about 6.A、made up of B、made of C、consisting of D、composed of 7.A、set B、build C、depend D、determine 8.A、down B、away C、off D、up 9.A、though B、although C、yet D、but 10.A、on way B、by the way C、in the way D、under way 11.A、near B、since C、within D、about 12.A、the number ofB、the amount ofC、a number of D、an amount of 13.A、as B、for C、to D、with 14.A、Though B、But C、And D、Because 15.A、remain B、persist C、continue D、last 16.A、there are B、they are C、there is D、it is 17.A、also B、too C、as well D、either 18.A、values B、estimates C、regards D、counts 19.A、Attention B、Concern C、Interest D、Delight 20.A、in B、to C、on D、with

填空题他碰巧外出 when I called at his home the other day.

填空题Author______Title______ Moving the lamp as the man moved, I made out that he was substantially dressed, but roughly; like a voyager by sea. That he had long iron-grey hair. That his age was about sixty. That he was a muscular man, strong on his legs, and that he was browned and hardened by exposure to weather.