单选题They ______ the factory, but a heavy downpour spoiled their plan． A．visited B．were visiting C．were to have been visited D．were to have visited

单选题Ships traveling in the North Atlantic during the winter must be constantly watchful to avoid icebergs, large masses of ice ______ only one-ninth is visible above water.

单选题(2005)We can obtain knowledge from other sources_____books.

单选题Bacteria A lived in the soil play B a vital role in C recycling the carbon and nitrogen D needed by plants.

单选题For hundreds of millions of years, turtles(海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water's edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting sites on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you'd think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles, notably loggerheads(红海龟) , which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from "threatened" to "endangered"—meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings) ,we have neglected the years they spend in the ocean. "The threat is from commercial fishing, " says Griffin. Trawlers ( which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long-line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll(损失) on turtles. Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection.

单选题I lost a book, ______ I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of that

单选题He was escorted by a group of soldiers under the command of Sarsfield.

单选题It didn't happen overnight. The problem of polluted air has been festering for centuries. Suddenly the problem of air pollution is becoming critical and is erupting right before our eyes. Not only do our eyes burn as they focus through murky air, but when the air clears, we see trees and vegetation dying. We must realize that this destruction can no longer be pinned to some mysterious cause. The one major culprit is air pollution. Today's air pollution is an unfortunate by-product of the growth of civilization. Civilized mall desires goods that require heavy industrialization and mass production. Machines and factories sometimes pollute and taint the air with substances that are dangerous to man and the environment. These substances include radioactive dust, salt spray, herbicide and pesticide aerosols, liquid droplets of acidic matter, gases, and sometimes soil particles. These materials can act alone to irritate objects and forms of life. More dangerously, they join together to act upon the environment. Only lately have we begun recognizing some of their dangerous consequences. Scientists have not yet been able to obtain a complete report on the effects of air pollution on trees. They do know, however, that sulfur dioxide, fluorides, and ozone destroy trees and that individual trees respond differently to the numerous particulate and gaseous pollutants. Sometimes trees growing in a single area under attack by pollutants will show symptoms of injury or will die while their neighbors remain healthy. Scientists believe this difference in response depends on the kind of tree and its genetic makeup. Other factors, such as the tree's stage of growth and nearness to the pollution source, the amount of pollutant , and the length of the pollution attack also play a part. In short, whether or not a tree dies as a result of air pollution depends on a combination of host and environmental factors. For the most part, air pollutants injure trees. To conifers, which have year-round needles, air pollution causes early balding. In this event, trees cannot maintain normal food production levels. Undernourished and weakened, they are open to attack by a host of insects, diseases, and other environmental stresses. Death often follows. Air pollution may also cause hardwoods to lose their leaves. Because their leaves are borne only for a portion of the year and are replaced the following year, air pollution injury to hardwoods may not be so severe.

单选题The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the market-place for those goods and services in competition with other businessmen, and the profit motive operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, which together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. The important factor in private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of product or to make a free contract with another private individual. The passage is mainly about ______.

单选题The consequences of heavy drinking are well documented: failing health, broken marriages, regrettable late-night phone calls. But according to Gregory Luzaich's calculations, there can be a downside to modest drinking, too—though one that damages the wallet, not the liver. The Pek Wine Steward prevents wine from spoiling by injecting argon, an inert gas, into the bottle before sealing it airtight with silicon. Mr. Luzaich. a mechanical engineer in Windsor, Calif.—in the Sonoma County wine country—first tallied the costs of his reasonable consumption in October 2001. "I'd like to come home in the evening and have a glass of wine with dinner," he said. "My wife doesn't drink very much. so the bottle wouldn't get consumed. And maybe I would forget about it the next day, and I'd check back a day or two later, and the wine would be spoiled." That meant he was wasting most of a $15 to $20 bottle of wine. dozens of times a year. A cheek of the wine-preservation gadgets on the market left Mr. Luzaich dissatisfied High-end wine cabinets cost thousands of dollars—a huge investment for a glass-a-day drinker. Affordable preservers, meanwhile, didn't quite perform to Mr. Luzaich's liking; be thought they allowed too much oxidation, which degrades the taste of a wine. The solution, he decided, was a better gas. Many preservers pumped nitrogen into an opened bottle to slow a wine's decline, even though oenological literature suggested that argon was more effective. So when he began designing the Pek Wine Steward. a metal cone into which a wine bottle is inserted, Mr. Luzaich found that his main challenge was to figure out how best to introduce the argon. He spent months fine-tuning a gas injection system. "We used computational fluid dynamics to model the gas flow," Mr. Luzaich said. referring to a computer-analysis technique that measures how smoothly particles are flowing. The goal was to create an injector that could swap a bottle's oxygen atoms for argon atoms; argon is an inert gas, and thus unlikely to harm a nice Chianti. Mr. Luzaich, who had previously designed medical and telecommunications products, also worked on creating an airtight seal, to secure the bottle after the argon was injected. He experimented with several substances, from neoprene to a visco-elastic polymer (which he dismissed as "too gooey"), before settling on a food-grade silicon. To save wine, a bottle is placed inside the Pek Wine Steward, the top is closed, and a trigger is pulled for 5 to 10 seconds, depending on how much wine remains. When the trigger is released, the bottle is sealed automatically, preserving the wine for a week or more. the company says. "We wanted to make it very easy for the consumer," Mr. Luzaich said. "It's basically mindless." The device, which resembles a high-tech thermos, first became available to consumers in March 2004, and 8,000 to 10.000 have been sold, primarily through catalogs like those of The Wine Enthusiast and Hammacher Schlemmer The base model sells for $99; a deluxe model, which also includes a thermoelectric cooler, is $199

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on Answer Sheet 1. In October 2002, Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank{{U}} (1) {{/U}}a new electronic market (www. gs. com/econderivs) for economic indices that{{U}} (2) {{/U}}substantial economic risks, such as nonfarm payroll (a measure of job availability) and retail sales. This new market was made possible by a{{U}} (3) {{/U}}trading technology, developed by Longitude, a New York company providing software for financial markets,{{U}} (4) {{/U}}the Parimutuel Digital Call Auction. This is "digital"{{U}} (5) {{/U}}of a digital option: ie, it pays out only if an underlying index lies in a narrow, discrete range. In effect, Longitude has created a horse race, where each "horse" wins if and{{U}} (6) {{/U}}the specified index falls in a specified range. By creating horses for every possible{{U}} (7) {{/U}}of the index, and allowing people to bet{{U}} (8) {{/U}}any number of runners, the company has produced a liquid integrated electronic market for a wide array of options on economic indices. Ten years ago it was{{U}} (9) {{/U}}impossible to make use of electronic information about home values. Now, mortgage lenders have online automated valuation models that allow them to estimate values and to{{U}} (10) {{/U}}the risk in their portfolios. This has led to a proliferation of types of home loan, some of{{U}} (11) {{/U}}have improved risk-management characteristics. We are also beginning to see new kinds of{{U}} (12) {{/U}}for homes, which will make it possible to protect the value of{{U}} (13) {{/U}}, for most people, is the single most important{{U}} (14) {{/U}}of their wealth. The Yale University-Neighbourhood Reinvestment Corporation programme,{{U}} (15) {{/U}}last year in the city of Syracuse, in New York State, may be a model for home-equity insurance policies that{{U}} (16) {{/U}}sophisticated economic indices of house prices to define the{{U}} (17) {{/U}}of the policy. Electronic futures markets that are based on econometric indices of house prices by city, already begun by City Index and IG Index in Britain and now{{U}} (18) {{/U}}developed in the United States, will enable home-equity insurers to hedge the risks that they acquire by writing these policies. These examples are not impressive successes yet. But they{{U}} (19) {{/U}}as early precursors of a technology that should one day help us to deal with the massive risks of inequality that{{U}} (20) {{/U}}will beset us in coming years.

单选题Speaker A. Hello, John. Fancy meeting you here!Speaker B: ______ A. How do you do? B. Hi, Jane. Where are you going? C. Hello, Jane. Haven't seen you since Christmas. D. How are you? Have you had your meal?

单选题What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the demonstration?

单选题Do the old people in the United States like to live alone? No doubt some of them do. (41) at least some of them (42) living alone to the changes and (43) that living with others needs. Independence is, (44) , the chief and most honored (45) in this country. Deeply rooted (46) us early, the ideal remains even when we can no longer "stand on our own feet", (47) literally. When our (48) parents' need for help grows too obvious to (49) , we say they are beginning to "fail". Losing one's independence is, for Americans, a (50) thing. And needing help, we know, (51) pity, frustration and (52) in our potential helpers. We are all, through our lives, (53) to others. From the moment of (54) , we are nourished and nurtured by others. As adults we learn to pay for or negotiate our (55) needs, but the fact (56) that it takes an (57) army of other people to grow our food, clean our clothes, maintain our roads, fuel our furnaces. When we (58) , we accept another's pledge to stick with us in sickness and health, (59) and poverty. The load we lay on (60) only becomes visible, less deniable, as we age.

单选题—It’s very kind of you to help me with my English. 　　—________.

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} Conventional wisdom says trees are good for the environment. They absorb carbon dioxide -- a greenhouse gas -- from the atmosphere and store it as carbon while releasing oxygen. The roots of trees have been thought to trap sediments and nutrients in the soil, keeping nearby rivers free flowing . Trees have also been credited with steadying the flow of these rivers, keeping it relatively constant through wet and dry seasons, thus preventing both drought and flooding. Pernicious nonsense, conclude two pieces of research published this week. The first, a four-year international study led by researchers at the University of Newcastle, in Britain, and the Free University of Amsterdam, identifies several myths about the link between forests and water. For example, in arid and semi-arid areas, trees consume far more water than they trap. And it is not the trees that catch sediment and nutrients, and steady the flow of the rivers, but the fact that the soil has not been compressed. The World Commission on Water estimates that the demand for water will increase by around 50% in the next 30 years. Moreover, around 4 billion people -- one half of the world's population -- will live in conditions of severe water stress, meaning they will not have enough water for drinking and washing to stay healthy, by 2025. The government of South Africa has been taking a tough approach to trees since it became the first to treat water as a basic human right in 1998. In a scheme praised by the hydrologists, the state penalizes forestry companies for preventing this water reaching rivers and underground aquifers. In India, large tree-planting schemes not only lose valuable water but dim the true problem identified by the hydrologists: the unregulated removal of water from aquifers to irrigate crops. Farmers need no permit to drill a borehole and, as most farmers receive free electricity, there is little economic control on the volume of water pumped. So a report of Britain's Department for International Development concludes that there is no scientific evidence that forests increase or stabilize water flow in arid or semi-arid areas. It recommends that, if water shortages are a problem, governments should impose limits on forest plantation. The second piece of research looked at how long the forests of the Amazon basin cling on to carbon. Growing trees consume carbon dioxide and it was thought that only when the tree died, perhaps hundreds of years later, would the carbon be returned to the atmosphere. No such luck. In a paper published in Nature this week, a team of American and Brazilian scientists found that trees were silently returning the carbon after just five years. Before taking an axe to trees, however, consider the merits of the tropical rainforests.

单选题When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is______.

单选题Specialists in marketing have studied how to make people buy more food in a supermarket. They do all kinds of things that you do not even notice. For example, the simple, ordinary food that everybody must buy, like bread, milk, flour, and vegetable oil, is spread all over the store. You have to walk by all the more interesting and more expensive things in order to find what you need. The more expensive food is in packages with bright colored pictures. This food is placed at eye level so you see it and want to buy it. The things that you have to buy anyway are usually located on a higher or lower shelf. However, candy and other things that children like are on lower shelves. One study showed that when a supermarket moved four products from floor to eye level, it sold 78 percent more. Another study showed that for every minute a person is in a supermarket after the first half hour, she or he spends $50. If someone stays forty minutes, the supermarket has an additional $5. So the store has a comfortable temperature in summer and winter, and it plays soft music. It is a pleasant place for people to stay and spend more money. Some stores have red or pink lights over the meat so the meat looks redder. They put light green paper around lettuce(生菜)and put apples in red plastic bags. So be careful in the supermarket. You may go home with a bag of food you were not planning to buy. The supermarket, not you, decided you should buy it.

单选题My friend, Emma Danicls, spent the summer of 1974 traveling in Israel. During her month-long stay in Jerusalem, she often went to a caf6 called Chocolate Soup. It was run by two men, of the whom—Alex—used to live in Montreal. One morning when Emma went in for coffee, while chatting with her new friend Alex, she mentioned that she had just finished the book she was reading and had nothing else to read. Alex said he had a wonderful book she might like, and that he'd be happy to lend it to her. As he lived just above the cafe, he quickly ran up to get it. The book he handed to Emma just minutes later was Markings, a book by a former Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN). Emma bad never read it, nor had she ever bought a copy, but when she opened it up, she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover, in her own handwriting (笔迹). It turned out that the summer before, at a concert back in Montreal, Emma had met a Californian who was in town visiting friends. They decided to exchange (交换) addresses, but neither of them had any paper. The man opened up a book he was carrying in his backpack (背包) and asked Emma to write her name and address inside. When he returned to California, he left the book behind in Montreal, and his friend Alex kept it. When Alex later moved to Jerusalem, he took the book along.