填空题Seismologist David Oppenheimer of' the U. S. Geological Survey Earthquakes Hazards Team explains (as told to Katherine Harmon) : Traditional geothermal drilling bores into hot rock such as sandstone that has water or steam trapped in its pore spaces and natural fractures. When a drilled hole intersects these fractures, the water flashes into steam because of the sudden drop in pressure-like bubbles that come out of a soda bottle when the cap is removed. The steam surges into the well hole, and the steam pressure at the surface spins a turbine to generate electricity. Sometimes the plant returns some of the water back into the reservoir to keep water levels up. The drilling itself does not cause earthquakes, but the steam removal and water return can do so, by producing new instability along fault or fracture lines. (41)______________________ Researchers know they result from steam withdrawal or injection because when operators begin geothermal production in a new area, earthquakes begin and when production ends, the earthquakes stop. Many minor tremors occur, but quakes as large as magnitude 4.5 have been recorded. Residents of nearby Anderson Springs often feel tremors as small as magnitude 2.0 because the town sits only a couple of kilometers above the rock fractures. (42) ______________ When a large earthquake does occur, the public will ask whether the geothermal projects might have played a role in causing the rocks to shift along other faults. And researchers will have to use geodetic monitoring and other data to try to figure out whether it really was a factor in changing key stress dynamics. (43) ______________ Because the felsite has no natural pores, it also contains no water. To recover the heat, the project's operators would have needed to fracture the rock and circulate water through it. First, in the short phase of the project, they would have drilled into the felsite and injected water to fracture the rock, most likely generating earthquakes in the process. Then, aided by borehole cameras revealing in which direction the fractures formed, they would have drilled a second hole to intersect the new fractures and would have produced steam by pumping water through the hot fractures linking the wells. This dry-rock geothermal approach has the potential to harness much more heat than the traditional sandstone techniques, but it can also mean more earthquakes. (44)______________. Unfortunately, areas that are less tectonically active also have less accessible subterranean heat sources. (45)______________.[A] California, for example, has more heat (because of its location near tectonic plate margins) than, say, Texas. The whole country has some geothermal potential if we wanted to draw warmth for heating. But the resulting heat would not necessarily have the energy to spin large turbines for electricity generation.[B] At a long-term geothermal project in northern California known as the Geysers, the USGS has been monitoring seismic activity since 1975. Even though the area does not appear to have any large faults running through it, researchers record about 4,000 quakes above magnitude 1.0 every year.[C] All sources of energy-hydropower, nuclear, wind or coal—have advantages and disadvantages. Geothermal energy has the advantage of being clean and renewable, but earthquakes are a downside.[D] In addition to the traditional geothermal plants at the Geysers, a pilot project, which was suspended last September, intended to draw steam directly from the volcanic, nonporous rock called Msite that lies below the sandstone and is its heat source.[E] To control the earthquake risk, drillers would have tried to keep the size of the fractures small and to maintain steady water flow rates. The threshold goal for earthquakes is 2.0 or lower on the Richter scale. Such deep-drilling operations would not want a repeat of events in Basel, Switzerland, where a widely felt magnitude 3.4 quake in 2006 ultimately stopped a similar geothermal project.[F] Many researches have been finished during the past years, and the relationship between the earthquake and Geothermal energy has been proved, which orientated the direction to the use of Geothermal energy.[E] Geologists suspect that even larger earthquakes could occur on nearby faults such as the Maacama, which is adjacent to the Geysers fields. The extraction of water and heat from the porous sandstone causes it to contract, much as a sponge shrinks when it dries out.

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize the paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. Paragraphs B and E have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. A. In recent years Purdue has launched a battery of exploratory courses across disciplines to help students get a better idea of their interests before they commit to a major. An academic boot camp in the summer before freshman year is aimed at students who didn't have access to advanced courses in high school to ensure they'll be prepared for college coursework. The school is even considering switching to a trimester system, which would aim to shorten students' time to degree by making more courses available during the summer months. B. Another graduation ceremony has come and gone, and Chauncey Woodard is still a student at the University of Alabama. He came to UA in the spring of 2008 after some time in community college, expecting to spend, at most, four years at the school. After being forced to take a semester off in 2010 to save up more money for his education, he expects to graduate in August 2013 at the earliest. "For me to get my education, I either have to go deep in debt or drag it out like I'm doing now," Woodard, a construction-engineering major, says. "You get to see a lot of people move on, and you're still here. That kind of gets to you around graduation." C. "It's a huge issue for society," says Matthew Chingos, an author of Crossing the Finish Line: Completing College at America's Public Universities. "It's a huge issue for the individual students who are spending more money on tuition than they need to. The longer they wait to graduate and get a job, those are extra years of their careers when they're in college and not working and not making money." Chingos points out that delayed graduation at public schools also affects taxpayers who are subsidizing 'students' education. D. At Purdue University, improving the four-year graduation rate is a priority for administrators. The school hopes to improve its four-year rate from 42% to 50% by 2014 and to 70% in the coming decade. "The biggest thing we can do to lower cost is make sure that every student who wants to finish in four years has the ability do so," says Tim Sands, acting president of Purdue. "If we can increase our graduation rate and decrease time to degree modestly... we give more students an opportunity to get a Purdue degree." E. Reasons for delaying graduation are numerous. For students who choose to participate in co-ops or internships during the school year, it can be tough to fit in all the necessary courses. Overcrowded classes can make it impossible for students to fulfill degree requirements in a timely manner. And the common practice of changing majors midway through college can make a four-year degree impractical. F. Woodard's not alone in extending his university studies beyond a t3lpical senior year. While undergraduate education is typically billed as a four-year experience, many students, particularly at public universities, actually take five, six or even more years to attain a degree. According to the Department of Education, fewer than 40% of students who enter college each year graduate within four years, while almost 60% of students graduate in six years. At public schools, less than a third of students graduate on time. G. "We've got a long way to go," Purdue's Sands says. He recommends that students take advantage of advisers and career counselors starting in their freshman year so that they can develop a coherent plan for their time in college, whether it be short or long. "Don't just go semester to semester. Really think ahead. If they do that right off the bat, they're much more likely to be successful and complete their studies in a reasonable amount of time."

填空题不管谁犯了法 will be punished.

填空题One can imagine combining two of these views, but ______ practice they have remained separate.

填空题Linguistics is usually defined as the______study of language.(北二外2003研)

填空题(2) is generally considered to be Chaucer"s masterpiece.

填空题A club is a place to make ______ contact with friends. (frequently)

填空题A great teacher is not one who merely stands and talks in front of a class of children, but one who is able to pass ______ wisdom and knowledge to others.

填空题We learned that the first (record)______ Olympic Games were held in 776 B．C.

填空题While traveling around with a busy sightseeing schedule, tourists may suffer fromdifferent kinds of ______ . (ill)

填空题Translate the following into Chinese．(北京第二外国语学院2013研，考试科目：综合考试)In the event the Buyer does not furnish the seller with shipping instructions on or before August 17, 2007, the Seller may at his option cancel this contract and demand the Buyer to pay any damages he has sustained on account of such failure of the Buyer to give such instruction.

填空题Even today, through the hustle and bustle of Nevsky Prospect, St Petersburg'smain street, the classical beauty of the city mesmerizes the eye.A.throughB.hustle and bustleC.classicalD.mesmerizes

填空题Sometimes an event is ______ delayed but then things happen fast． 有时事情开始被耽误，但是接下来事情很快发生。

填空题prefer

填空题______ strangely

填空题According to G Leech, ______meaning is the communicative value an expression has by virtue of what it refers to, over and above its purely conceptual content. (北二外2006研)

填空题Though you will face many difficulties，your ______ success is certain if you persist in working hard． 尽管你会遇到很多困难，但如果你坚持努力工作，你就一定会取得最终的胜利。